EDITORIAL

É com imenso entusiasmo e gratidão que apresentamos o terceiro e último número da Revista Caminhos da Educação em 2023. Neste ano de realizações marcantes, nosso periódico acadêmico mais uma vez cumpriu sua missão de fomentar diálogos e celebrar as diversas vozes que ecoam na vastidão da educação. Ao longo deste ano, navegamos por terras educacionais ricas em diversidade e conhecimento. O primeiro número brindou-nos com um dossiê inspirador sobre o "Ensino de Instrumento Musical e Didáticas Inovadoras", reunindo a expertise de autores franceses, canadenses e brasileiros. Em seguida, exploramos as sendas da pesquisa mexicana com a edição "México em Foco: Caminhos da Pesquisa", que destacou o trabalho de pesquisadores do vibrante cenário acadêmico do México. A culminação deste ano ocorre agora, com a publicação do terceiro número, apresentando vinte artigos cuidadosamente selecionados no fluxo contínuo. Este conjunto de contribuições, já avaliado e aprovado, abrange uma diversidade de temas que ressoam com a missão da Caminhos da Educação. Destacamos também a entrevista inspiradora com a renomada pesquisadora Dra. Rhonda Collier, da University University, que aborda temas fundamentais como pertencimento, identidade e os significados de integrar uma universidade historicamente negra nos Estados Unidos. Nossos agradecimentos à Dra. Collier e à professora e editora Alexandra Lima da Silva pela riqueza dessa conversa. É com imenso orgulho que encerramos este ano com um crescimento notável, superando em mais de um terço a quantidade de artigos publicados em relação ao ano anterior. Esse feito reflete não apenas o compromisso dos pesquisadores, mas também a valorização e apoio do atual governo, que reconhece a importância da ciência para o avanço humano e social. À nossa dedicada equipe, autores e avaliadores, expressamos nossa profunda gratidão. Cada artigo, revisão e colaboração contribuíram para a construção deste ano excepcional. A todos, nossos parabéns pelo excelente trabalho! Ao nosso estimado público, desejamos uma leitura inspiradora e reflexiva. Que este número desperte em cada leitor a sensibilidade para os valores educativos, humanos e sociais, guiando-nos com esperança para o próximo ano. Que possamos seguir juntos, confiantes em 2024, rumo ao avanço do conhecimento científico na área de educação e à edificação de uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária. O futuro da educação é um caminho que trilhamos juntos, com passos firmes e corações cheios de esperança

Skills training in Engineering students through the practice of university extension

En este artículo se discute sobre la actividad de extensión universitaria y su impacto sobre la formación de alumnos en el ámbito particular de carreras de Ingeniería. Se toma como referencia un Proyecto de Voluntariado Universitario implementado en el área disciplinar de Ingeniería en Electrónica. En el desarrollo de la práctica extensionista, utilizando técnicas de aprendizaje por proyectos y resolución de problemas reales, el alumno se transforma en partícipe de un proceso de cambio que le permite generar las competencias necesarias para su futuro como profesional.This article discusses the university extension activity and its impact on the formation of students in the particular field of engineering. It taken as a reference University Volunteering Project implemented in the subject area of Electronics Engineering. In development extensionist practice, using learning by projects techniques and solving real problems, the student becomes part of a process of change that allows you to generate the necessary competences for their future professional.Facultad de Ingenierí

Skills training in Engineering students through the practice of university extension

En este artículo se discute sobre la actividad de extensión universitaria y su impacto sobre la formación de alumnos en el ámbito particular de carreras de Ingeniería. Se toma como referencia un Proyecto de Voluntariado Universitario implementado en el área disciplinar de Ingeniería en Electrónica. En el desarrollo de la práctica extensionista, utilizando técnicas de aprendizaje por proyectos y resolución de problemas reales, el alumno se transforma en partícipe de un proceso de cambio que le permite generar las competencias necesarias para su futuro como profesional.This article discusses the university extension activity and its impact on the formation of students in the particular field of engineering. It taken as a reference University Volunteering Project implemented in the subject area of Electronics Engineering. In development extensionist practice, using learning by projects techniques and solving real problems, the student becomes part of a process of change that allows you to generate the necessary competences for their future professional.Facultad de Ingenierí

Skills training in Engineering students through the practice of university extension

En este artículo se discute sobre la actividad de extensión universitaria y su impacto sobre la formación de alumnos en el ámbito particular de carreras de Ingeniería. Se toma como referencia un Proyecto de Voluntariado Universitario implementado en el área disciplinar de Ingeniería en Electrónica. En el desarrollo de la práctica extensionista, utilizando técnicas de aprendizaje por proyectos y resolución de problemas reales, el alumno se transforma en partícipe de un proceso de cambio que le permite generar las competencias necesarias para su futuro como profesional.This article discusses the university extension activity and its impact on the formation of students in the particular field of engineering. It taken as a reference University Volunteering Project implemented in the subject area of Electronics Engineering. In development extensionist practice, using learning by projects techniques and solving real problems, the student becomes part of a process of change that allows you to generate the necessary competences for their future professional.Facultad de Ingenierí

MiR-494 induces metabolic changes through G6pc targeting and modulates sorafenib response in hepatocellular carcinoma

BackgroundMetabolic reprogramming is a well-known marker of cancer, and it represents an early event during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. The recent approval of several molecular targeted agents has revolutionized the management of advanced HCC patients. Nevertheless, the lack of circulating biomarkers still affects patient stratification to tailored treatments. In this context, there is an urgent need for biomarkers to aid treatment choice and for novel and more effective therapeutic combinations to avoid the development of drug-resistant phenotypes. This study aims to prove the involvement of miR-494 in metabolic reprogramming of HCC, to identify novel miRNA-based therapeutic combinations and to evaluate miR-494 potential as a circulating biomarker.MethodsBioinformatics analysis identified miR-494 metabolic targets. QPCR analysis of glucose 6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6pc) was performed in HCC patients and preclinical models. Functional analysis and metabolic assays assessed G6pc targeting and miR-494 involvement in metabolic changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ROS production in HCC cells. Live-imaging analysis evaluated the effects of miR-494/G6pc axis in cell growth of HCC cells under stressful conditions. Circulating miR-494 levels were assayed in sorafenib-treated HCC patients and DEN-HCC rats.ResultsMiR-494 induced the metabolic shift of HCC cells toward a glycolytic phenotype through G6pc targeting and HIF-1A pathway activation. MiR-494/G6pc axis played an active role in metabolic plasticity of cancer cells, leading to glycogen and lipid droplets accumulation that favored cell survival under harsh environmental conditions. High miR-494 serum levels associated with sorafenib resistance in preclinical models and in a preliminary cohort of HCC patients. An enhanced anticancer effect was observed for treatment combinations between antagomiR-494 and sorafenib or 2-deoxy-glucose in HCC cells.ConclusionsMiR-494/G6pc axis is critical for the metabolic rewiring of cancer cells and associates with poor prognosis. MiR-494 deserves attention as a candidate biomarker of likelihood of response to sorafenib to be tested in future validation studies. MiR-494 represents a promising therapeutic target for combination strategies with sorafenib or metabolic interference molecules for the treatment of HCC patients who are ineligible for immunotherapy

Probing the Interstellar Medium in Early type galaxies with ISO observations

Four IRAS-detected early type galaxies were observed with ISO. With the exception of the 15 micron image of NGC1052, the mid-IR emission from NGC1052, NGC1155, NGC5866 and NGC6958 at 4.5, 7 and 15 microns show extended emission. Mid-IR emission from NGC1052, NGC1155, and NGC6958 follows a de Vaucouleurs profile. The ratio of 15/7 micron flux decreases with radius in these galaxies, approaching the values empirically observed for purely stellar systems. In NGC5866, the 7 and 15 micron emission is concentrated in the edge-on dust lane. All the galaxies are detected in the [CII] line, and the S0s NGC1155 and NGC5866 are detected in the [OI] line as well. The ISO-LWS observations of the [CII] line are more sensitive measures of cool, neutral ISM than HI and CO by about a factor of 10-100. Three of four early type galaxies, namely NGC1052, NGC6958 and NGC5866, have low ratio FIR/Blue and show a lower [CII]/FIR, which is due to a softer radiation field from old stellar populations. The low [CII]/CO ratio in NGC5866 ([CII]/CO(1-0) < 570) confirms this scenario. We estimate the UV radiation expected from the old stellar populations in these galaxies and compare it to that needed to heat the gas to account for the cooling observed [CII] and [OI] lines. In three out of four galaxies, NGC1052, NGC5866 and NGC6958, the predicted UV radiation falls short by a factor of 2-3. In view of the observed intrinsic scatter in the "UV-upturn" in elliptical galaxies and its great sensitivity to age and metallicity effects, this is not significant. However, the much larger difference (about a factor of 20) between the UV radiation from old stars and that needed to produce the FIR lines for NGC 1155 is strong evidence for the presence of young stars, in NGC1155.Comment: To appear in the Astrophysical Journal. Figure 1 appears as a separate jpg figur

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Cabbage and fermented vegetables : From death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19

Large differences in COVID-19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS-CoV-2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS-CoV-2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance as well as lung and endothelial damage, two severe outcomes of COVID-19. The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is the most potent antioxidant in humans and can block in particular the AT(1)R axis. Cabbage contains precursors of sulforaphane, the most active natural activator of Nrf2. Fermented vegetables contain many lactobacilli, which are also potent Nrf2 activators. Three examples are: kimchi in Korea, westernized foods, and the slum paradox. It is proposed that fermented cabbage is a proof-of-concept of dietary manipulations that may enhance Nrf2-associated antioxidant effects, helpful in mitigating COVID-19 severity.Peer reviewe

Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19 : time for research to develop adaptation strategies

There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPAR gamma:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NF kappa B: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2 alpha:Elongation initiation factor 2 alpha). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT(1)R axis (AT(1)R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe