RIQUEZA Y DISTRIBUCION DE LAS ORQUIDEACEAE EN LA PROVINCIA DE PAMPLONA

Se estimó la riqueza y distribución de las orquídeas presentes en 6 Municipios de la Provincia de Pamplona, Norte de Santander, propias de las zonas de vida subandina, Andina y Altoandina (1800 a 3000 m.s.n.m.). Se encontraron 37 géneros y 105 especies. La mayor abundancia de especies se presentó en dos grandes relictos naturales: Parque Nacional Natural "TAMA"; Municipio de Toledo y en los bosques de la zona de "SISAVITA"; Municipio de Cucutilla. Así mismo se tuvieron en cuenta ciertos factores climáticos y edáficos de los distintos hábitats de las especies halladas, útiles durante el montaje de un orquideario en el Jardín Botánico de la Universidad de Pamplona, donde gran parte de las especies han logrado climatizarse. La herborización y determinación taxonómica se llevó a cabo en el Herbario Catatumbo - Sarare "HECASA"; de la Universidad de Pamplona, donde se depositaron los exsicados

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

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Revisión taxonómica de la familia Celastraceae para la flora de Colombia Revisión taxonómica de la familia Celastraceae para la flora de Colombia

ABSTRACTTaxonomic processing of the Celastraceae was made based on morphological characters andpollen from exsiccates pertaining to the different herbaria from Colombia an some fromoutside: MO, NY y US, along with characters taken directly from plants in the field,concatenating with the distributions patterns. Besides the taxonomical study, a review of thisplant group nomenclature was made, in order to establish the valid names, those ones whichare synonymous, and species location. The characters established in the descriptions of thespecies were compared with the observed ones in the study material. The study of pollen tookinto account grain type, opening of the pores, presence of rims and ribs ambit, exine, sexine andnexine, reticulation and measurements including equatorial and polar axis and the ratio long-width of pores and colpes. Fourteen pollen samples were analyzed, belonging to 8 nativegenera, revealing that palinology makes valuable contributions in the boundary of taxons,providing valid characters, that they are complemented with the other morphologic characters.The taxonomic description of the family fits with the Colombian constituent taxons.Dichotomizing keys were made in order to identify genera and species, and descriptions of eachone of the species, as well as their distribution, citation studied material of each taxon and insome cases illustrations of the species, were drawn at least one for each genus. Eigth native and1 cultivated genera were found: Celastrus 4, andean and subandean woody scandent species.Crossopetalum: 2 species of islands of Tintipán and San Andrés and Providencia. Goupia: 1species from equatorial rain forest. Gymnosporia: 2 species, one of forest of the median valleyof Magdalena and the other of the andean and subandean forest. Maytenus considered aspreliminary synopsis, with 26 species coming of different habitats. Perrottetia with 10 species,4 of these new; 1 species from piedemonte, the rest live in andean and subandean mist belts.Schaefferia: 1 species from subxerofitic and warm places. Zinowiewia: 4 species from Andeanand subandean mist belts. Euonymus: 1 cultivated species in cold climate towns.<br>Se adelantó el tratamiento taxonómico de las Celastraceae, con base en un estudio decaracteres morfológicos y de polen, a partir de exsicados pertenecientes a los distintosherbarios del país y a algunos del exterior como lo son MG, MO, NY y US, junto con caracterestomados directamente de plantas en campo, concatenado con los patrones de distribución.Además del estudio taxonómico también se hizo una revisión de la nomenclatura de este grupode plantas, que permitiera establecer los nombres válidos, cuales son sinónimos y donde selocalizan los tipos de cada especie. Se compararon los caracteres establecidos en lasdescripciones de las especies con los observados en el material de estudio. En el estudiopolínico se tuvo en cuenta el tipo de grano, aberturas, forma del poro, presencia de margeny de costilla, ámbito, exina, sexina y nexina, reticulación, y medidas que incluyen ejes ecuatorialy polar, relaciones P/E, L. A.; I. A, P. y largo y ancho de poros y colpos. Se analizaron catorcemuestras para polen, pertencientes a los ocho géneros nativos, encontrándose que lapalinología hace aportes valiosos en la delimitación de taxones, suministrando caracteresválidos taxonómicamente, que se complementan con los demás caracteres morfológicos. Seajustó la descripción taxonómica de la familia, de acuerdo a los taxones constituyentes propiosde Colombia, se hicieron claves dicotómicas para diferenciar géneros y especies, además de ladescripción de cada una de las especies con su distribución. Se cita el material estudiado decada taxón y en algunos casos se hicieron dibujos de las especies, al menos una en cada género.Se encontraron ocho géneros nativos y un cultivado, siendo los siguientes: Celastrus cuatroespecies de selva andina y subandina. Crossopetalum dos especies de islas de Tintipan y de SanAndrés y Providencia. Goupia con una especie de selva húmeda ecuatorial. Gymnosporia: dosespecies, una de selva andina y la otra de selva húmeda ecuatorial; Maytenus, tratado comosinopsis preliminar, con 26 especies de diferentes ambientes. Perrottetia: diez especies, de ellascuatro nuevas, una de piedemonte, las demás de las franjas de neblina andina-subandina. Schaefferia: una especie de bosque seco de clima caliente. Zinowiewia: cuatro especies de selvasde neblina de la franja andina-subandina. Se caracterizó a Euonymus como género introducidocon únicamente una especie cultivada para ornamento en ciudades de clima frío

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

DUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

Performance of a modular ton-scale pixel-readout liquid argon time projection chamber

International audienceThe Module-0 Demonstrator is a single-phase 600 kg liquid argon time projection chamber operated as a prototype for the DUNE liquid argon near detector. Based on the ArgonCube design concept, Module-0 features a novel 80k-channel pixelated charge readout and advanced high-coverage photon detection system. In this paper, we present an analysis of an eight-day data set consisting of 25 million cosmic ray events collected in the spring of 2021. We use this sample to demonstrate the imaging performance of the charge and light readout systems as well as the signal correlations between the two. We also report argon purity and detector uniformity measurements, and provide comparisons to detector simulations

Performance of a modular ton-scale pixel-readout liquid argon time projection chamber

International audienceThe Module-0 Demonstrator is a single-phase 600 kg liquid argon time projection chamber operated as a prototype for the DUNE liquid argon near detector. Based on the ArgonCube design concept, Module-0 features a novel 80k-channel pixelated charge readout and advanced high-coverage photon detection system. In this paper, we present an analysis of an eight-day data set consisting of 25 million cosmic ray events collected in the spring of 2021. We use this sample to demonstrate the imaging performance of the charge and light readout systems as well as the signal correlations between the two. We also report argon purity and detector uniformity measurements, and provide comparisons to detector simulations