Some Aspects of Virtual Black Holes

In this paper we shall consistently third quantize modified gravity. Then we shall analyse certain aspects of virtual black holes in this third quantized modified gravity. We will see how a statistical mechanical origin for the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy naturally arises in this model. Furthermore, in this model the area and thus the entropy of a real macroscopic black hole is quantized. Virtual black holes cause loss of quantum coherence and this gives an intrinsic entropy to all physical systems which can be used to define a direction of time and hence provide a solution to the problem of time.Comment: 11 pages, 0 figures, accepted for publication in JET

Quantum Fields and Extended Objects in Space-Times with Constant Curvature Spatial Section

The heat-kernel expansion and $\zeta$-regularization techniques for quantum field theory and extended objects on curved space-times are reviewed. In particular, ultrastatic space-times with spatial section consisting in manifold with constant curvature are discussed in detail. Several mathematical results, relevant to physical applications are presented, including exact solutions of the heat-kernel equation, a simple exposition of hyperbolic geometry and an elementary derivation of the Selberg trace formula. With regards to the physical applications, the vacuum energy for scalar fields, the one-loop renormalization of a self-interacting scalar field theory on a hyperbolic space-time, with a discussion on the topological symmetry breaking, the finite temperature effects and the Bose-Einstein condensation, are considered. Some attempts to generalize the results to extended objects are also presented, including some remarks on path integral quantization, asymptotic properties of extended objects and a novel representation for the one-loop (super)string free energy.Comment: Latex file, 122 page

Acute onset and remission of obsessions and compulsions following medical illnesses and stress

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is generally chronic. Episodic OCD with complete remission has been rarely reported. Two cases of brief, episodic obsessions and compulsions that appeared for the first time following psychological stress and in the context of medical illness are reported. The possibility of brief episodes of OCD precipitated by stress is illustrated. Exploration of this phenomenon may help us learn more about OCD in general. Depression and Anxiety 12:238–240, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/35219/1/8_ftp.pd

Evaluation of guided imagery as treatment for recurrent abdominal pain in children: a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Because of the paucity of effective evidence-based therapies for children with recurrent abdominal pain, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of guided imagery, a well-studied self-regulation technique. METHODS: 22 children, aged 5 – 18 years, were randomized to learn either breathing exercises alone or guided imagery with progressive muscle relaxation. Both groups had 4-weekly sessions with a therapist. Children reported the numbers of days with pain, the pain intensity, and missed activities due to abdominal pain using a daily pain diary collected at baseline and during the intervention. Monthly phone calls to the children reported the number of days with pain and the number of days of missed activities experienced during the month of and month following the intervention. Children with ≤ 4 days of pain/month and no missed activities due to pain were defined as being healed. Depression, anxiety, and somatization were measured in both children and parents at baseline. RESULTS: At baseline the children who received guided imagery had more days of pain during the preceding month (23 vs. 14 days, P = 0.04). There were no differences in the intensity of painful episodes or any baseline psychological factors between the two groups. Children who learned guided imagery with progressive muscle relaxation had significantly greater decrease in the number of days with pain than those learning breathing exercises alone after one (67% vs. 21%, P = 0.05), and two (82% vs. 45%, P < 0.01) months and significantly greater decrease in days with missed activities at one (85% vs. 15%, P = 0.02) and two (95% vs. 77%. P = 0.05) months. During the two months of follow-up, more children who had learned guided imagery met the threshold of ≤ 4 day of pain each month and no missed activities (RR = 7.3, 95%CI [1.1,48.6]) than children who learned only the breathing exercises. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic efficacy of guided imagery with progressive muscle relaxation found in this study is consistent with our present understanding of the pathophysiology of recurrent abdominal pain in children. Although unfamiliar to many pediatricians, guided imagery is a simple, noninvasive therapy with potential benefit for treating children with RAP

A Qualitative Heuristic Inquiry into the Development of Therapeutic Presence as a Student Music Therapist

作为学生音乐治疗师的治疗存在发展的启发式探究（Heuristic Inquiry） &nbsp;这项以第一人称的研究探索了作为学生音乐治疗师，认知和知识的体现形式、与治疗存在（therapeutic presence）的发展之间的关系。在本文中，我将以回顾其与音乐治疗实践的相关性来介绍主题，并且我会提出论点——治疗存在的发展是成为音乐治疗师的基本。 &nbsp;尽管在音乐治疗文献中有一些开创性的文章讨论了治疗存在，但我还没有找到任何有关其与作为音乐治疗学生的发展的文章。我将使用启发式方法论来描述我个人作为学生音乐治疗师发展治疗存在的过程。为了对研究主题有更广阔的视角，并为我的启发式过程（heuristic process）提供验证和透明度，研究包括了与六名音乐治疗学生的三期理论性的和体验式的工作坊。系统地分析了问卷、感想和小组即兴音乐中的数据，以验证我对研究主题的经验，并发现和总结主题（themes）和实用方法。这项研究最终达到了关于主要研究问题相关的数据的整合，同时还总结了其在未来研究中与音乐治疗实践和应用的相关性。 关键词：治疗存在，认知和体现知识，启发式探究 翻译：张婧雯Eine heuristische Untersuchung zur Entwicklung der therapeutischen Präsenz als Musiktherapiestudent ZusammenfassungDiese Studie untersucht die Rolle kognitiver und verkörperter Wissensformen in Bezug auf die Entwicklung der therapeutischen Präsenz als studentischer Musiktherapiestudent. In dieser Arbeit werde ich eine Einführung in das Thema geben, indem ich seine Relevanz für die Praxis der Musiktherapie überprüfe, und ich werde argumentieren, dass die Entwicklung der therapeutischen Präsenz ein grundlegender Bestandteil der Ausbildung zum Musiktherapeuten ist. Obwohl es in der musiktherapeutischen Literatur bahnbrechende Artikel gibt, in denen das Thema der therapeutischen Präsenz diskutiert wird, habe ich keine Artikel gefunden, die sich auf die Entwicklung des Musiktherapeutenstudenten beziehen. Mit Hilfe einer heuristischen Methodik werde ich den persönlichen Prozess der Entwicklung therapeutischer Präsenz als Musiktherapiestudent beschreiben. Um eine breitere Perspektive auf das Forschungsthema zu gewinnen und um Validierung und Transparenz in Bezug auf meinen persönlichen heuristischen Prozess zu gewährleisten, wurden drei aufeinanderfolgende theoretische und erfahrungsbezogene Workshops mit sechs Musiktherapiestudierenden durchgeführt. Daten in Form von Fragebögen, Reflexionen und musikalischen Gruppenimprovisationen wurden systematisch analysiert, um meine Erfahrungen mit dem Forschungsthema zu validieren und auch um Themen und praktische Methoden zu aufzuspüren und auszuwerten. Die Forschung gipfelte in der Synthese von Daten, die während der Studie in Bezug auf die Hauptforschungsfrage gesammelt wurden, während gleichzeitig ihre Relevanz für die musiktherapeutische Praxis und ihre Implikationen für weitere Studien überprüft wurden. Schlüsselbegriffe: therapeutische Präsenz, kognitives und verkörpertes Wissen, heuristische Forschung Übersetzung: Josephine GeipelUn'indagine euristica sullo sviluppo della presenza terapeutica come studente di musicoterapia &nbsp;Questo studio in prima persona, indaga il ruolo di forme di conoscenza cognitive e incorporate in relazione allo sviluppo della presenza terapeutica come studente di musicoterapia. Nell’articolo fornirò un'introduzione all'argomento esaminando la sua rilevanza nella pratica della musicoterapia, e sosterrò che lo sviluppo della presenza terapeutica è una parte fondamentale per diventare musicoterapisti. Nonostante ci siano articoli fondamentali in letteratura musicoterapica che trattano l'argomento della presenza terapeutica, non ho trovato alcun articolo relativo allo sviluppo di uno studente di musicoterapia. Usando la metodologia euristica, descriverò il processo personale di tale sviluppo. Per ottenere una prospettiva più ampia sul tema della ricerca, nonché fornire convalida e trasparenza in relazione al mio processo euristico personale, sono stati condotti tre successivi seminari teorici ed esperienziali con sei studenti di musicoterapia. I dati, sotto forma di questionari, riflessioni e improvvisazioni musicali di gruppo, sono stati analizzati sistematicamente per convalidare la mia esperienza nella ricerca, anche per scoprire e valutare temi e metodi pratici. La ricerca è culminata nella sintesi dei dati raccolti durante lo studio in relazione alla sua principale domanda, rivedendo allo stesso tempo la sua rilevanza sia come pratica di musicoterapia, sia per le implicazioni di ulteriori studi. Traduzione di Claudio CominardiThis first-person study investigates the role of cognitive and embodied forms of knowledge in relation to the development of therapeutic presence as a student music therapist. In this paper, I will provide an introduction to the topic reviewing its relevance to the practice of music therapy, and I will argue that the development of therapeutic presence is a fundamental part of becoming a music therapist.&nbsp; Although there are seminal articles in the music therapy literature that discuss the topic of therapeutic presence, I have not found any articles relating it to the development of being a student music therapist. Using heuristic methodology, I will describe the personal process of developing therapeutic presence as a student music therapist. To gain a broader perspective on the research topic, and to provide validation and transparency in relation to my personal heuristic process, three successive theoretical and experiential workshops were carried out with six student music therapists. Data, in the form of questionnaires, reflections and group musical improvisations were analysed systematically to validate my experience of the research topic, and also to discover and evaluate themes and practical methods. The research has culminated in the synthesis of data gathered during the study in relation to the main research question while also reviewing its relevance to music therapy practice and implications for further study.Une Enquête Heuristique sur le Développement de la Présence Thérapeutique en tant que Musicothérapeute étudiant Cette étude à la première personne examine le rôle des formes cognitives et incarnées de connaissances en relation avec le développement de la présence thérapeutique comme musicotherapeute étudiante. Dans cet article, je fournirai une introduction au sujet en passant en revue pertinence pour la pratique de la musicothérapie, et je soutiendrai que le développement de la présence thérapeutique est un élément fondamental pour devenir musicothérapeute. Bien que il y a des articles fondateurs dans la littérature de musicothérapie qui discutent du sujet de présence thérapeutique, je n'ai trouvé aucun article la concernant au développement d'être un musicothérapeute étudiant. En utilisant la méthodologie heuristique, je décrirai la processus personnel de développement de la présence thérapeutique en tant que musicothérapeute étudiant. Pour acquérir une perspective plus large sur le sujet de recherche, et pour fournir la validation et la transparence par rapport à mon processus heuristique personnel, trois théoriques successives et des ateliers expérientiels ont été organisés avec six étudiants en musicothérapie. Données, sous forme de questionnaires, de réflexions et d'improvisations musicales de groupe ont été analysés systématiquement pour valider mon expérience du sujet de recherche et aussi découvrir et évaluer des thèmes et des méthodes pratiques. La recherche a culminé dans la synthèse des données recueillies au cours de l'étude en relation avec les principales recherches question tout en examinant sa pertinence pour la pratique de la musicothérapie et ses implications pour complément d'étude. Mots-clés: présence thérapeutique, connaissance cognitive et incarnée, recherche heuristique Traduit par Danielle Jakubia

Biografía enviada por el Arzobispo Auxiliar de Toronto: Benjamin Ibberson Webster.

Eclesiástico. Cardenal. Obispo de Toronto, Ontari

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Eclesiástico. Cardenal. Obispo de Toronto, Ontari

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Eclesiástico. Cardenal. Obispo de Toronto, Ontari