932 research outputs found
On Chiral Symmetry Breaking in a Constant Magnetic Field in Higher Dimension
Chiral symmetry breaking in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in a constant
magnetic field is studied in spacetimes of dimension D > 4. It is shown that a
constant magnetic field can be characterized by [(D-1)/2] parameters. For the
maximal number of nonzero field parameters, we show that there is an effective
reduction of the spacetime dimension for fermions in the infrared region D
1 + 1 for even-dimensional spacetimes and D 0 + 1 for
odd-dimensional spacetimes. Explicit solutions of the gap equation confirm our
conclusions.Comment: 11 pages, LaTe
Theory of the Magnetic Catalysis of Chiral Symmetry Breaking in QED
The theory of the magnetic catalysis of chiral symmetry breaking in QED is
developed. An approximation for the Schwinger-Dyson equations describing
reliably this phenomenon is established, i.e., it is shown that there exists a
consistent truncation of those equations in this problem. The equations are
solved both analytically and numerically, and the dynamical mass of fermions is
determined.Comment: 22 pages, 5 figures, REVTe
Gap generation for Dirac fermions on Lobachevsky plane in a magnetic field
We study symmetry breaking and gap generation for fermions in the 2D space of
constant negative curvature (the Lobachevsky plane) in an external covariantly
constant magnetic field in a four-fermion model. It is shown that due to the
magnetic and negative curvature catalysis phenomena the critical coupling
constant is zero and there is a symmetry breaking condensate in the chiral
limit even in free theory. We analyze solutions of the gap equation in the
cases of zero, weak, and strong magnetic fields. As a byproduct we calculate
the density of states and the Hall conductivity for noninteracting fermions
that may be relevant for studies of graphene.Comment: 12 pages, no figure
Mass Generation in the Supersymmetric Nambu--Jona--Lasinio Model in an External Magnetic Field
The mass generation in the (3+1)-dimensional supersymmetric
Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in a constant magnetic field is studied. It is shown
that the external magnetic field catalyzes chiral symmetry breaking.Comment: LaTeX file, 6 pages. Talk given at the International Seminar
dedicated to the memory of Dmitrij Volkov "Supersymmetry and Quantum Field
Theory", Kharkov, Ukraine, January 5-7, 199
Nondecoupling phenomena in QED in a magnetic field and noncommutative QED
The dynamics in QED in a strong constant magnetic field and its connection
with the noncommutative QED are studied. It is shown that in the regime with
the lowest Landau level (LLL) dominance the U(1) gauge symmetry in the fermion
determinant is transformed into the noncommutative gauge symmetry.
In this regime, the effective action is intimately connected with that in
noncommutative QED and the original U(1) gauge Ward identities are broken (the
LLL anomaly). On the other hand, it is shown that although a contribution of
each of an infinite number of higher Landau levels is suppressed in an infrared
region, their cumulative contribution is not (a nondecoupling phenomenon). This
leads to a restoration of the original U(1) gauge symmetry in the infrared
dynamics. The physics underlying this phenomenon reflects the important role of
a boundary dynamics at spatial infinity in this problem.Comment: 7 pages, REVTeX
Quantum Phase Fluctuations Responsible for Pseudogap
The effect of ordering field phase fluctuations on the normal and
superconducting properties of a simple 2D model with a local four-fermion
attraction is studied. Neglecting the coupling between the spin and charge
degrees of freedom an analytical expression has been obtained for the fermion
spectral function as a single integral over a simple function. From this we
show that, as the temperature increases through the 2D critical temperature and
a nontrivial damping for a phase correlator develops, quantum fluctuations fill
the gap in the quasiparticle spectrum. Simultaneously the quasiparticle peaks
broaden significantly above the critical temperature, resembling the observed
pseudogap behavior in high-T_c superconductors.Comment: 5 pages, ReVTeX, 1 EPS figure; final version to appear in Physica
Dynamical Chiral Symmetry Breaking in QED in a Magnetic Field: Toward Exact Results
We describe a (first, to the best of our knowledge) essentially soluble
example of dynamical symmetry breaking phenomenon in a 3+1 dimensional gauge
theory without fundamental scalar fields: QED in a constant magnetic field.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, REVTeX. Final version accepted for publication in
Physical Review Letter
Color superconductivity in a strong external magnetic field
We explore the effects of an applied strong external magnetic field in a
three flavor massless color superconductor. The long-range component of the B
field that penetrates the superconductor enhances some quark condensates,
leading to a different condensation pattern. The external field also reduces
the flavor symmetries in the system, and thus it changes drastically the
corresponding low energy physics. Our considerations are relevant for the study
of highly magnetized compact stars.Comment: 4 pages; talk given at Strong and Electroweak Matter (SEWM06), BNL,
May 200
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