Prácticas artísticas, tecnología y cultura visual

Título del libro: PRÁCTICAS ARTÍSTICAS, TECNOLOGÍA Y CULTURA VISUAL de los autores Giménez Gatto, Fabián; Díaz Zepeda, Alejandra; Chávez Mondragón, Hugo; Aguilar San Roman, Ma. de los Ángeles; Marcos Carretero, María del Mar; López Velarde Fonseca, Vicente; con fecha de publicación del año 2014-12, con el apoyo para edición de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MéxicoPIFI 201

Detection of novel fusion-transcripts by RNA-Seq in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma

Fusions transcripts have been proven to be strong drivers for neoplasia-associated mutations, although their incidence in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma needs to be determined yet. Using RNA-Seq we have selected 55 fusion transcripts identified by at least two of three detection methods in the same tumour. We confirmed the existence of 24 predicted novel fusions that had not been described in cancer or normal tissues yet, indicating the accuracy of the prediction. Of note, one of them involves the proto oncogene TAL1. Other confirmed fusions could explain the overexpression of driver genes such as COMMD3-BMI1, LMO1 or JAK3. Five fusions found exclusively in tumour samples could be considered pathogenic (NFYG-TAL1, RIC3-TCRBC2, SLC35A3-HIAT1, PICALM MLLT10 and MLLT10-PICALM). However, other fusions detected simultaneously in normal and tumour samples (JAK3-INSL3, KANSL1-ARL17A/B and TFG-ADGRG7) could be germ-line fusions genes involved in tumour-maintaining tasks. Notably, some fusions were confirmed in more tumour samples than predicted, indicating that the detection methods underestimated the real number of existing fusions. Our results highlight the potential of RNA-Seq to identify new cryptic fusions, which could be drivers or tumour-maintaining passenger genes. Such novel findings shed light on the searching for new T-LBL biomarkers in these haematological disorders.The authors would like to thank the Spanish Biobanks integrated in the Spanish Hospital Biobanks Network (RetBioH; www.redbiobancos.es) for providing us with the necessary T-LBL samples to elaborate this work. We thank all patients who were willing to donate their samples without their support the research work would not be possible. And to Isabel Sastre for her technical support. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (SAF2015-70561-R; MINECO/FEDER, EU); the Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain (B2017/BMD-3778; LINFOMAS-CM) and the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC, 2018; PROYE18054PIRI). Institutional grants from the Fundación Ramón Areces and Banco de Santander are also acknowledged.S

La “nueva normalidad”: ¿qué opinan nuestros pacientes?

Aim: To assess the perceived satisfaction with the implemented Telepharmacy and home drug delivery program, as well as the preferences of patients and / or caregivers for the healthcare model of pharmaceutical care and dispensing when the “new normality” is reached.Method: An anonymous electronic survey was designed using the Microsoft Forms application. The target population were the patients, or caregivers, treated in the Outpatient Unit using the Telepharmacy model who received the prescribed medication in their homes between April 30 to May 18, 2020.Results: 327 questionnaires were sent, obtaining a response rate of 45.0%. 95.9% indicated that they received the medication correctly at home, adjusting to the estimated delivery time and in perfect condition. 99.3% reported being satisfied with the Telepharmacy and home delivery service. 76.2% prefer, once the alarm state is over, Telepharmacy and home drug delivery of the medication. The only sociodemographic variable that was significantly associated with patient preferences for the Telepharmacy and home drug delivery model was the distance to the patient’s home.Conclusions: The healthcare models should be modified, and the telematic pharmaceutical care model should be incorporated into daily practice together with the home delivery of medication. It is considered a valid model, based on the feasibility of home delivery, the maintenance of pharmaceutical care and patient satisfaction and preferences. Fortunately, the first steps are taken, and the process is irreversible.Objetivo: Valorar la satisfacción percibida con el programa de Telefarmacia y envío a domicilio implantado, así como las preferencias de los pacientes y /o cuidadores por el modelo asistencial de atención farmacéutica y dispensación cuando se alcance la “nueva normalidad”.Método: Se diseñó una encuesta electrónica anónima mediante la aplicación Microsoft Forms. La población diana fueron los pacientes, o cuidadores, atendidos en la Unidad de Atención Farmacéutica a Pacientes Externos mediante el modelo de Telefarmacia y envío de medicación a su domicilio entre el 30 de abril al 18 de mayo de 2020.Resultados: Se enviaron 327 cuestionarios, obteniendo una tasa de respuesta del 45,0%. El 95,9% indicó que recibió la medicación correctamente en su domicilio, ajustándose al tiempo estimado de entrega y en perfecto estado. El 99,3% refirió estar satisfecho con el servicio de Telefarmacia y envío a domicilio. El 76,2% prefieren, una vez finalizado el estado de alarma, la Telefarmacia y envío a domicilio de la medicación. La única variable sociodemográfica que se asoció de manera significativa con las preferencias de los pacientes por el modelo de Telefarmacia y envío a domicilio fue la distancia al domicilio del paciente.Conclusiones: Se considera necesario adecuar los modelos asistenciales, debiendo incorporar a la práctica diaria el modelo de atención farmacéutica telemática, junto con el envío domiciliario de medicación, modelo válido, sustentado en la factibilidad de los envíos domiciliarios, el mantenimiento de la atención farmacéutica y la satisfacción y preferencias de los pacientes. Afortunadamente, los primeros pasos están dados y el proceso es irreversible

Immunophenotypic characterization of plasma cells from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance patients. Implications for the differential diagnosis between MGUS and multiple myeloma

Es el artículo seminal para distinguir entre célula plasmática normal y patológica en las gamm-patías monoclonales.[EN]Although the immunophenotype of plasma cells (PCs) from multiple myeloma (MM) patients has been extensively explored, information on the phenotypic characteristics of PCs in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) patients is scanty and frequently controversial. Thus, the question of whether or not PCs are phenotypically different in the two disorders and whether this criteria could be useful for the differential diagnosis between MGUS and MM remains to be explored. In the present study, the immunophenotypic profile of bone marrow PCs (BMPCs) from a group of 76 MGUS patients has been analyzed by flow cytometry and compared with that of BMPCs present in both MM patients (n = 65) and control subjects (n = 10). For that purpose, a large panel of monoclonal antibodies against PC-related antigens was used together with a sensitive methodology in which a minimum of 10(3) PCs were studied. In all MGUS cases studied, two clearly defined and distinct PC subpopulations could be identified. One PC subpopulation, population A (33 +/- 31% of total PCs), constantly displayed a high CD38 expression with low forward light scatter (FSC)/side light scatter (SSC) and was positive for CD19 and negative for CD56 (only a small proportion of these PCs were weakly positive for CD56). The other PC subpopulation, population B (67 +/- 31% of total PCs), showed the opposite pattern; the antigen CD56 was strongly positive and CD19 was constantly negative, and it showed a lower CD38 expression and higher FSC/SSC values than population A. Clonality studies (cytoplasmic light chain restriction, DNA content studies, and polymerase chain reaction assessment) confirmed the clonal nature of PCs from population B and the polyclonal origin of PCs from population A. Moreover, the polyclonal PCs from MGUS displayed a phenotypic profile identical to that found in PCs from healthy individuals. By contrast, clonal PCs from all MGUS patients displayed a similar antigenic profile to myelomatous PCs, with clear phenotypic differences with respect to normal PCs: lower intensity of CD38 expression and a variable reactivity for markers that were not expressed in normal PCs, such as CD28, CD117, and sIg. Although the presence of residual polyclonal PCs was a constant finding in MGUS patients, it was a rare event in MM and, when present (only 22% of MM cases), its frequency was significantly lower than that observed in MGUS (0.25% versus 32.9%, respectively; P < 0.0001). Only 1.5% of patients with MM had more than 3% of normal PCs, whereas 98% of patients with MGUS had more than 3%. Moreover, as shown by multivariate analysis, the number of residual polyclonal PCs was the most powerful single parameter for the discrimination between MGUS and MM patients at diagnosis, even when only stage I MM cases were considered.Hospital Universitario de Salamanca Universidad de SalamancaHospital Universitario de Salamanc

Uso de las nuevas tecnologías (TIC) y cambio en la metodología de enseñanza para transformar el modelo educativo universitario

Desde el curso 04/05, se vienen realizando una serie de experiencias docentes para tratar de llevar al alumno del modelo de clase magistral a un modelo m&aacute;s parecido al entorno empresarial (trabajos en departamentos, relaciones entre estos, proyectos interdepartamentales&hellip;), usando las Herramientas de Trabajo en Grupo (HTG) de las que disponen las Plataformas de Docencia Virtual (PDV), con el objetivo de acercar al alumno, mediante el modelo de aprendizaje, al entorno empresarial al que se enfrentar&aacute; en unos a&ntilde;os.Los resultados obtenidos de las experiencias realizadas fueron publicados en el I Foro de Buenas Pr&aacute;cticas de Teleformaci&oacute;n en las Diez Universidades Andaluzas (Punta Umbr&iacute;a, 26-11-2008) y fundamentalmente recog&iacute;an dos conclusiones principales: La primera es que la valoraci&oacute;n por parte del alumnado de la asignatura Ofim&aacute;tica en el Campus Andaluz Virtual (CAV) era comparativamente muy inferior (3,99) con respecto a la media del resto de asignaturas del CAV (4,69). La segunda idea expuesta en el resumen era una pregunta &iquest;podr&iacute;an las HTG llegar a ser por s&iacute; solas unas herramientas realmente inteligentes por la colaboraci&oacute;n entre los alumnos y, en ese caso, sustituir al profesor?En un segundo art&iacute;culo presentado al VII Foro sobre la Evaluaci&oacute;n de la Calidad de la Educaci&oacute;n Superior y de la Investigaci&oacute;n (Murcia, Junio-2010) se describen los pasos dados desde entonces para potenciar los aspectos positivos del aprendizaje del trabajo en grupo, situar a los alumnos de la asignatura Ofim&aacute;tica en el CAV entre los m&aacute;s participativos y acercarnos a lo que algunos autores afirman: &iexcl;Nadie sabe m&aacute;s que todos juntos!En este tercer y &uacute;ltimo trabajo del grupo SOPORTE, se recogen los aspectos relevantes de las nuevas tecnolog&iacute;as (TIC) potenciando dos aspectos del modelo empresarial -la comunicaci&oacute;n y la coordinaci&oacute;n- t&iacute;picamente ausentes de la estructura de aprendizaje universitario.Trataremos de hacer bueno en este trabajo, lo que afirman algunos autores: &ldquo;ninguna herencia material podr&aacute; superar el legado emocional&rdquo;. Mediante la colaboraci&oacute;n y la competici&oacute;n, con el uso de las nuevas tecnolog&iacute;as y recursos de los que se dispone en la Universidad, podemos transformar el modelo universitario. &iexcl;Vend&aacute;moslo pues

Design and evaluation of a treatment programme for Spanish adolescents with overweight and obesity. The EVASYON Study

Background The prevalence of overweight and obesity (OW/OB) among adolescents worldwide has increased since the 60 s. Spain has reached one of the highest OW/OB prevalence rates among adolescents from European countries. The aim of this methodological paper is to describe the design and evaluation in the EVASYON study (Development, implementation and evaluation of the efficacy of a therapeutic programme for adolescents with OW/OB: integral education on nutrition and physical activity). Methods/Design The EVASYON was planned by a multidisciplinary team to treat OW/OB in Spanish adolescents. The EVASYON is a multi-centre study conducted in 5 hospitals in 5 Spanish cities (Granada, Madrid, Pamplona, Santander and Zaragoza) and two hundred and four OW/OB Spanish adolescents were recruited for this intervention. The treatment was implemented for approximately one-year follow-up. The adolescents were treated in groups of a maximum of 10 subjects; each group had 20 visits during the treatment period in two phases: intensive during the first 2 months (1st to 9th visits), and extensive during the last 11 months (10th to 20th visits). In order to assess the efficacy of the treatment, 8 dimensions were measured: diet; physical activity and fitness; eating behaviour; body composition; haematological profile; metabolic profile; minerals and vitamins; immuno-inflammatory markers. Moreover, genetic polymorphisms were also determined. Discussion The treatment programme developed in the EVASYON study was designed as a national pilot study to be implemented as an effective treatment for adolescents with OW/OB into the Spanish Health Care Service

Host adaptive immunity deficiency in severe pandemic influenza

INTRODUCTION: Pandemic A/H1N1/2009 influenza causes severe lower respiratory complications in rare cases. The association between host immune responses and clinical outcome in severe cases is unknown. METHODS: We utilized gene expression, cytokine profiles and generation of antibody responses following hospitalization in 19 critically ill patients with primary pandemic A/H1N1/2009 influenza pneumonia for identifying host immune responses associated with clinical outcome. Ingenuity pathway analysis 8.5 (IPA) (Ingenuity Systems, Redwood City, CA) was used to select, annotate and visualize genes by function and pathway (gene ontology). IPA analysis identified those canonical pathways differentially expressed (P < 0.05) between comparison groups. Hierarchical clustering of those genes differentially expressed between groups by IPA analysis was performed using BRB-Array Tools v.3.8.1. RESULTS: The majority of patients were characterized by the presence of comorbidities and the absence of immunosuppressive conditions. pH1N1 specific antibody production was observed around day 9 from disease onset and defined an early period of innate immune response and a late period of adaptive immune response to the virus. The most severe patients (n = 12) showed persistence of viral secretion. Seven of the most severe patients died. During the late phase, the most severe patient group had impaired expression of a number of genes participating in adaptive immune responses when compared to less severe patients. These genes were involved in antigen presentation, B-cell development, T-helper cell differentiation, CD28, granzyme B signaling, apoptosis and protein ubiquitination. Patients with the poorest outcomes were characterized by proinflammatory hypercytokinemia, along with elevated levels of immunosuppressory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-1ra) in serum. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest an impaired development of adaptive immunity in the most severe cases of pandemic influenza, leading to an unremitting cycle of viral replication and innate cytokine-chemokine release. Interruption of this deleterious cycle may improve disease outcome.The study was scientifically sponsored by the Spanish Society for Critical Care Medicine (SEMICYUC). Funding: MICCIN-FIS/JCYL-IECSCYL-SACYL (Spain): Programa de Investigación Comisionada en Gripe, GR09/0021-EMER07/050- PI081236-RD07/0067. CIHR-NIH-Sardinia Recherché-LKSF Canada support DJK.S

Characterization of Tajogaite volcanic plumes detected over the Iberian Peninsula from a set of satellite and ground-based remote sensing instrumentation

Three volcanic plumes were detected during the Tajogaite volcano eruptive activity (Canary Islands, Spain, September–December 2021) over the Iberian Peninsula. The spatiotemporal evolution of these events is characterised by combining passive satellite remote sensing and ground-based lidar and sun-photometer systems. The inversion algorithm GRASP is used with a suite of ground-based remote sensing instruments such as lidar/ ceilometer and sun-photometer from eight sites at different locations throughout the Iberian Peninsula. Satellite observations showed that the volcanic ash plumes remained nearby the Canary Islands covering a mean area of 120 ± 202 km2 during the whole period of eruptive activity and that sulphur dioxide plumes reached the Iberian Peninsula

Th1 and Th17 hypercytokinemia as early host response signature in severe pandemic influenza

Abstract Introduction Human host immune response following infection with the new variant of A/H1N1 pandemic influenza virus (nvH1N1) is poorly understood. We utilize here systemic cytokine and antibody levels in evaluating differences in early immune response in both mild and severe patients infected with nvH1N1. Methods We profiled 29 cytokines and chemokines and evaluated the haemagglutination inhibition activity as quantitative and qualitative measurements of host immune responses in serum obtained during the first five days after symptoms onset, in two cohorts of nvH1N1 infected patients. Severe patients required hospitalization (n = 20), due to respiratory insufficiency (10 of them were admitted to the intensive care unit), while mild patients had exclusively flu-like symptoms (n = 15). A group of healthy donors was included as control (n = 15). Differences in levels of mediators between groups were assessed by using the non parametric U-Mann Whitney test. Association between variables was determined by calculating the Spearman correlation coefficient. Viral load was performed in serum by using real-time PCR targeting the neuraminidase gene. Results Increased levels of innate-immunity mediators (IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1β), and the absence of anti-nvH1N1 antibodies, characterized the early response to nvH1N1 infection in both hospitalized and mild patients. High systemic levels of type-II interferon (IFN-γ) and also of a group of mediators involved in the development of T-helper 17 (IL-8, IL-9, IL-17, IL-6) and T-helper 1 (TNF-α, IL-15, IL-12p70) responses were exclusively found in hospitalized patients. IL-15, IL-12p70, IL-6 constituted a hallmark of critical illness in our study. A significant inverse association was found between IL-6, IL-8 and PaO2 in critical patients. Conclusions While infection with the nvH1N1 induces a typical innate response in both mild and severe patients, severe disease with respiratory involvement is characterized by early secretion of Th17 and Th1 cytokines usually associated with cell mediated immunity but also commonly linked to the pathogenesis of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. The exact role of Th1 and Th17 mediators in the evolution of nvH1N1 mild and severe disease merits further investigation as to the detrimental or beneficial role these cytokines play in severe illness

Increasing crop heterogeneity enhances multitrophic diversity across agricultural regions

International audienceAgricultural landscape homogenization has detrimental effects on biodiversity and key ecosystem services. Increasing agricultural landscape heterogeneity by increasing seminatural cover can help to mitigate biodiversity loss. However, the amount of seminatural cover is generally low and difficult to increase in many intensively managed agricultural landscapes. We hypothesized that increasing the heterogeneity of the crop mosaic itself (hereafter “crop heterogeneity”) can also have positive effects on biodiversity. In 8 contrasting regions of Europe and North America, we selected 435 landscapes along independent gradients of crop diversity and mean field size. Within each landscape, we selected 3 sampling sites in 1, 2, or 3 crop types. We sampled 7 taxa (plants, bees, butterflies, hoverflies, carabids, spiders, and birds) and calculated a synthetic index of multitrophic diversity at the landscape level. Increasing crop heterogeneity was more beneficial for multitrophic diversity than increasing seminatural cover. For instance, the effect of decreasing mean field size from 5 to 2.8 ha was as strong as the effect of increasing seminatural cover from 0.5 to 11%. Decreasing mean field size benefited multitrophic diversity even in the absence of seminatural vegetation between fields. Increasing the number of crop types sampled had a positive effect on landscape-level multitrophic diversity. However, the effect of increasing crop diversity in the landscape surrounding fields sampled depended on the amount of seminatural cover. Our study provides large-scale, multitrophic, cross-regional evidence that increasing crop heterogeneity can be an effective way to increase biodiversity in agricultural landscapes without taking land out of agricultural production