Move Forward to Save a Life: A Review Article on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Imagine walking on the road and suddenly seeing a passerby suffering from chest pain and collapsing. Would you be able to give a life-saving cardiopulmonary resuscitations CPR? The answer would be most likely; no people should continue to jump in quickly to give CPR, using breaths if they’ve been trained. In case of sudden cardiac arrest, the mortality is very high almost 90 percentage or more is not resuscitated within 10 minutes. A quick action, proper training, use of technology and coordinated efforts can increase survival from cardiac arrest. Survival depends on immediate CPR and other actions that starting with bystanders

Perception Of Postnatal Mothers Regarding Respectful Maternity Care Admitted In A Selected Hospital, Odisha- Pilot Study

Background: Respectful maternity care refers to care organized for and provided to all women in a manner that maintains their dignity, privacy and confidentiality, ensures freedom from harm and mistreatment, and enables informed choice and continuous support during labour and Childbirth. Methods: A quantitative approach and Descriptive design was used. The sample size of 40 were selected by using Non-Probability; purposive sampling technique. Data were collected from the postnatal mothers after delivery by means of structured Perception Interview Schedule. Analysis was done using descriptive  statistics. Results: The findings of the study revealed that around 31(77.5%)mothers had negative perception towards respectful maternity care. Conclusion: This Study concluded that the there is urgent need to create awareness among women, health care providers regarding importance of respectful maternity care.

A Fatal Waterborne Outbreak of Pesticide Poisoning Caused by Damaged Pipelines, Sindhikela, Bolangir, Orissa, India, 2008

Introduction. We investigated a cluster of pesticide poisoning in Orissa. Methods. We searched the village for cases of vomiting and sweating on 2 February 2008. We described the outbreak by time, place, and person. We compared cases with controls. Results. We identified 65 cases (two deaths; attack rate: 12 per 1000; case fatality: 3%). The epidemic curve suggested a point source outbreak, and cases clustered close to a roadside eatery. Consumption of water from a specific source (odds ratio [OR]: 35, confidence interval [CI]: 13–93) and eating in the eatery (OR: 2.3, CI: 1.1–4.7) was associated with illness. On 31 January 2008, villagers had used pesticides to kill street dogs and had discarded leftovers in the drains. Damaged pipelines located beneath and supplying water may have aspirated the pesticide during the nocturnal negative pressure phase and rinsed it off the next morning in the water supply. Conclusions. Innapropriate use of pesticides contaminated the water supply and caused this outbreak. Education programs and regulations need to be combined to ensure a safer use of pesticides in India

Effectiveness Of Sensitization Programme On Level Of Acceptance, Regarding Hpv Screening With Self Sampling Method (SSM) Vs Assisted Sampling Method (ASM) Among The Women – Pilot Study Report

Screening for cancer is plays important role to reduce mortality and morbidity by early detection and treatment. However, despite availability of various screening method for cervical cancer, women are not showing interest to participate in screening in regions where programme are available. Objective To assess the effectiveness of sensitization program on level of acceptance among group I and group II women at the selected Villages of Puducherry. Methodology Quantitative research approach and Quasi experimental design  was adopted in this study. Simple random sampling Technique was adopted to select the sample for the study. Total 20 Samples - 10 for experimental group and 10 for control group were selected. Result and Findings:    Regarding demographic variable the study findings are: majority 40% and 70% of women were in the age group of 25-35yrs and 36-45yrs in the group I and II respectively. With regards to acceptance of Screening method it was found that in group I all 10(100%) women had accepted whereas from group II only 1(10%) had accepted for test Conclusion-  This study findings highlights that participants acceptance towards self sampling method is better than for assisted sampling method. Hence there should be more awareness progamme to be conducted for self sampling procedure and facility to be provided all health centers for this method for all wome

Reason for Hospitalization Among Antenatal Mothers- A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: Prenatal hospital admission can be offered, in such a way complete assessment can be made or for increased foetal or maternal surveillance to diagnose any decline in the maternal or foetal condition which may necessitate medical interventions or lead to delivery. High-risk pregnancy is the condition that is complicated by the factors that unfavourably affect the pregnancy outcome-maternal or perinatal or both. The objective of the study was to assess the reason for hospitalization among the antenatal mothers. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to identify the reason for the admission of antenatal mothers in the selected maternity hospital, Puducherry. Data were retrieved from the admission register for the past one-month period (January to February 2019). Totally there were 358 admission out of which 303 mother’s data were included for this study and 55 mother’s data were excluded due to incomplete information Results: The major findings of the study showed the majority 207 (68.3%) had any type of risk during antenatal period and 96 (31.7%) of the mothers were healthy. Th risk factors included gestational diabetic mellitus accounted for 52 (17.2%), Previous LSCS accounted for 38 (12.5%), Oligohydramnios/ Polyhydramnios accounted for 34 (11.2%), Gestational Hypertension accounted for 17 (5.6%), Hypothyroidism accounted for 17 (5.6%), Rh negative, diabetic mellitus and Intra uterine growth retardation accounted for 10 (3.3%) separately, Anaemia was accounted for 9 (3%), Pre-term accounted for 3 (1%), Fibroid, VDRL positive, Varicose vein, Cervical Incompetence, HIV and Syphilis accounted for 1 (3%) individually. There was a significant association with the bad obstetric history and risk factor for antenatal hospitalization. (p<0.01). Conclusion: The study results highlighted and proved statistically that gestational diabetic mellitus was the chief cause for antenatal hospitalization and many others conditions associated and act as risk factors for antenatal mothers’ admission. Hence, there is a need for pre-conceptual as well as prenatal counselling for mothers to prevent from the risk factors and identify them earlier and eventually to reduce maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality

Relationship Between The Predicted Birth Weight And Actual Birth Weight of Newborn

Background: Fetal weight estimation is important in modern obstetrics. Certain conditions like diabetic pregnancy, vaginal birth after caesarean section and breech presentation is guided by predicted fetal weight. In developing countries perinatal mortality was high when compared to developed countries. An extensive proportion of this problem was primarily due to birth weight which considered to be the most important parameter which determines the neonatal survival. Aim: This study was aimed to identify the relationship between predicted birth weight and actual birth weight of newborn. Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted among antenatal mothers at term in selected hospital of Puducherry who fulfill the inclusion criteria. Sample size was 35, selected through purposive sampling. The approach used was quantitative approach and design was descriptive research design. The researcher used Dare`s formula (SFH X AG) to predict the fetal weight and it is compared with actual birth weight of newborn. Result: Correlation coefficient was used to correlate the predicted birth weight with actual birth weight of new born. The value of correlation coefficient (r) was 0.85 which indicated that there was significant relationship between predicted birth weight and actual birth weight of newborn. Conclusion: The study revealed that Dare`s formula was a good indicator to predict the fetal weight. It is simple, easy and convenient method. This method can be used by the obstetrician and nurses in low resource setting where ultrasound facilities are not available and refer the patient to the tertiary level hospitals.

Chitosan Composites for Bone Tissue Engineering—An Overview

Bone contains considerable amounts of minerals and proteins. Hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] is one of the most stable forms of calcium phosphate and it occurs in bones as major component (60 to 65%), along with other materials including collagen, chondroitin sulfate, keratin sulfate and lipids. In recent years, significant progress has been made in organ transplantation, surgical reconstruction and the use of artificial protheses to treat the loss or failure of an organ or bone tissue. Chitosan has played a major role in bone tissue engineering over the last two decades, being a natural polymer obtained from chitin, which forms a major component of crustacean exoskeleton. In recent years, considerable attention has been given to chitosan composite materials and their applications in the field of bone tissue engineering due to its minimal foreign body reactions, an intrinsic antibacterial nature, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and the ability to be molded into various geometries and forms such as porous structures, suitable for cell ingrowth and osteoconduction. The composite of chitosan including hydroxyapatite is very popular because of the biodegradability and biocompatibility in nature. Recently, grafted chitosan natural polymer with carbon nanotubes has been incorporated to increase the mechanical strength of these composites. Chitosan composites are thus emerging as potential materials for artificial bone and bone regeneration in tissue engineering. Herein, the preparation, mechanical properties, chemical interactions and in vitro activity of chitosan composites for bone tissue engineering will be discussed

In vitro kinetic study of growth and mineralization of osteoblast-like cells (Saos-2) on titanium surface coated with a RGD functionalized bisphosphonate

Osteoconduction and osseointegration are the critical stages for implantation success. Peptides containing RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) adhesive sequence are known to promote cell adhesion and consequently to favor osseointegration of medical devices. In this study, RGD peptides were coupled to a bisphosphonate used as an anchor system and chemically adsorbed on polished titanium discs. Two different concentrations, 10−10 mol/L (RGD 10−10) and 10−4 mol/L (RGD 10−4) were compared to non coated discs (RGD 0). Adhesion, spreading, and mineralization of osteoblast-like cells (Saos-2) were assessed. Mineralization kinetic was done at 3, 6, 10, 14, and 18 days of culture; the extent of mineral deposits was quantified by image analysis. Histogram repartitions of nuclear area, characterizing cell spreading, showed a shift to higher values in cells cultured on RGD coated titanium disks. Mineralization started at day 3 in the three groups, but had a faster development in the RGD 10−10 group from day 6 to day 18 compared to RGD 0 and RGD 10−4. At day 18, the percentage of mineralized area was significantly higher for RGD 10−10 compared to RGD 0 (p &lt; 0.05). In the present study, this new method was found suitable to anchor RGD containing species on titanium: this favored adhesion and spreading of osteoblast-like cells and mineralization compared to noncoated titanium