Design and Evaluation of a Majority Gate Based Encoder in Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA)

Quantum-dot cellular automata are the rising nanotechnology used to structure the nano scale circuits. QCA is the powerful elective technique to the CMOS innovation. In this paper,anovel effective design of encoder is proposed by the use of Majority gate and inverter.The proposed QCA encoder 4X2 and8X3 design outshines interms of cell count, area and delay. The number of cells in QCA circuits is similar to the number of transistors in CMOS circuits. The structure is made successful by diminishing QCA wire intersection and cell. The fundamental goal is to diminish the measure of the circuit and to enhance the speed of activity of QCA circuits

Retrofitting of Existing Scooter into Hybrid Electric Scooter

In India, the usage of two-wheelers for daily activities is high. Thus, consumption of petrol is on the rise. If the spending of a country is considered then 80−90% spending is done to pay import bills on petroleum products, which are counted as the country’s expenditure. The final result is a hike in the price of petrol and hence rising inflation. India is now the fourth largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world. The transport sector accounts for 13% of India’s related CO2 emission which is mainly high in the traffic. Deployment of electric vehicles in large numbers is hindered by a variety of barriers. Scaling up electric vehicle’s penetration and realizing their full potential would be required. For this situation, now one of the solutions is retrofitting of existing scooters into hybrid electric scooters. Instead of turning existing petrol vehicles into scrap, this can be utilized as hybrid electric vehicles, as nowadays, focus of government is on “National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020” (NEMMP 2020). Thus, the aim of our project is to enhance the capacity of cities to improve mobility with lower CO2 emission. It can be a valuable contribution to achieve NEMMP 2020. The system proposes a solution by retrofitting existing scooters into hybrid electric which runs on Internal Combustion Engine. Here, by using scooter that has 80cc petrol combustion engine. The front wheel is replaced by an electric hub motor. It becomes a 2-wheel drive scooter with the hub motor driving the front wheel and conventional engine powering the rear wheel. Our main aim is to increase mobility and to improve the performance efficiency of existing vehicles. System proposes three switching modes here; Economy mode (Propulsion using motor only), power drive mode (propulsion using engine only) and hybrid mode

Traverse: Voice Commanded Self Navigating Indoor Robot

When a human is taken to a new place, a new location, the individual first tries to perceive it, then gets to the geography of it and finally maps it. By mapping the whole location, the human goes around the place without any difficulty. In this project, the implementation will be done in such a way that the robot also consumes the parameters of the area in the same way as the human, by first perceiving the location entirely, followed by mapping the whole place and then going around it, thereby marking the location to absolute precision and making it flawless for navigation. To accomplish this performance, a self-navigating algorithm using SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) is written and executed. The robot, by using ultrasonic sensors will measure the distances of the surrounding objects

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Self-Care Management of Antenatal Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Terms of Knowledge and Practice in Safdarjung Hospital: A Quasi Experimental Study

A study to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on self-care management of antenatal mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus in terms of knowledge and practice in selected hospital of Delhi.The conceptual framework of the present study was based on the Orem’s Self care model. Research approach adopted for the study was quasi-experimental approach with pre-test post-test control group design. The sample consists of the 60 antenatal mothers with GDM from 24 weeks to 39 weeks POG. The tools used for the study were structured knowledge interview schedule, structured expressed practice checklist. The content validity of the tool was established by giving it to 9 experts. The internal consistency method by using Kuder Richardson-20 was used to establish reliability of structured knowledge interview schedule and structured expressed practice checklist. The final study was conducted at Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi after obtaining formal administrative approval. The data obtained were organized and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics according to objectives and hypothesis of the study. The findings of the study revealed that, the mean post-test knowledge and practice scores were higher than their mean pre-test knowledge and practice scores. The structured teaching program on self-care management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was found to be effective in enhancing the knowledge and practice of antenatal mothers with GDM

Perceptions Of Postnatal Mothers Regarding Perinatal Loss Management By Health Workers In The City Of Harare Zimbabwe

Perinatal loss is defined as any loss, from conception through to the first 28 days of life, including miscarriage, stillbirth, and neonatal death and is considered as one of the most stressful moments in any mother’s experience. Despite the increase of perinatal loss through abortions (17,8 per 1000 women 15-49), stillbirths (77 per 1000 live births), early neonatal deaths (140 per 1000 live births) and its devastating effects, there is death of information regarding perception of post natal mother management following perinatal loss. Anecdotal evidence gathered from the study sites by the researcher suggests that, care rendered to bereaved mothers appears to be erratic, inconsistent and incomplete. The purpose of the study was to explore the perceptions of postnatal mothers regarding management following perinatal loss in the City of Harare Clinics, to identify gaps and improve the quality of care rendered. A descriptive qualitative study design was used to explore the perceptions of postnatal mothers regarding management following perinatal loss. Purposive sampling was used to select one key informant (midwife) and twelve (12) mothers who had experienced perinatal loss through abortion, stillbirths and early neonatal deaths. Data was analyzed manually using thematic analysis. The study findings generated two major themes, namely facilitating factors and barriers to the management of postnatal mothers regarding management. The overall discussion was that the majority of the women did not receive holistic care with regard to perinatal loss. The care was fragmented. The study recommended training of the midwives in bereavement counseling to ensure quality service was provided to the bereaved mothers

Demonstration of Antimicrobial Activity of Azithromycin with Antacids, Metal and Investigation of In-vitro Interaction and Complexation

This research work comprises of interaction studies of Azithromycin with different essential metals and investigation of antimicrobial activity of Azithromycin both with and without interactions. Azithromycin is anew macrolide antibiotic with a better activity against intracellular gram negative bacteria comparison with Erythromycin. Macrolides are one of the most commonly used families of antibiotics. Since the presence of complexation may affect the bioavailability of the drugs and other essential elements, therefore in order to study the probable interaction of Azithromycin with essential and trace elements present in the body. Azithromycin has been interacted with metal Zn, antacids CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2 in vitro. All the reaction conditions were simulated to natural environments. Also, the antimicrobial activity of drug and the complexes were determined. The studies were carried out in buffer at pH 7.4 in variable ratios of drug and metal both at room temperature conditions. In this study, it is observed that almost all the portion of antibiotic is complexed with antacid metal. It has also been observed that Azithromycin interacts with metal at pH 7.4. In order to investigate the numbers of metal ions involved in the complexation with Azithromycin complexes were elucidated by exploiting various spectrophotometric methods. The UV-spectrophotometric studies of these complexes were carried out and compared.By antimicrobial investigation it was observed that the zone of inhibition of the drug Azithromycin with Mg Zn and Ca reduced from 14mm to 9mm, 8mm and 4mm respectively

Optimization of Machining Parameters in CW CO2 Laser Cutting for Reduced Kerf Angle and Surface Roughness

Hot Rolled micro alloy steels (E34) find wide application in automotive sector. They are high quality steels having a blend of all the alluring properties that are not feasible in ordinary mild steel. These steels possess high yield strength, high notch toughness, good fatigue properties, excellent weld ability and better formability. E34 material finds application in construction of ships, railway wagons and carriages, pressure vessels, pipes, heavy duty transport vehicles, earth moving equipment and capacity tanks. The present study reports the application of non-contact type (thermal energy based) continuous wave (CW) CO2 laser cutting process on Hot Rolled micro alloy steels (E34). The process parameters in laser cutting influence the kerf angle and surface roughness. These quality characteristics were observed for the various combinations of cutting parameters like cutting speed, beam power, assist gas pressure, focal length and standoff distance. Experiments were designed using central composite design method of Response surface technology. A significant improvement in the kerf angle and surface roughness was observed with the optimal setting of parameters

Design and Detection and Justified Analysis of the Bone Tumor using Different Techniques

Picture handling have an immense zone under research, in which Medical Imaging is the most critical region to work in. As in natural cases, for example, breaks, tumors, ulcers, and so on picture preparing made it all the more simple to discover the precise reason and the best fitted arrangement. Explicitly in tumor identification medicinal imaging accomplished a benchmark by settling different complexities. Fundamentally Medical Imaging can be clarified as the way toward making human self-perceptions for therapeutic and research work. For tumor discovery different strategies, for example, MRI(Magnetic Resonance Imaging), CT(Computerised tomography) output and Microwave are accessible among referenced methods MRI conveys the best pictures as it has higher goals. In this paper the tumor recognition have been proposed utilizing AI

Villagers and Illiterates are More Prone to HIV

This study aims to find out how far villagers and illiterates are aware of HIV in 104 patients both men women belonging to rural area around suryapet district. Non – co-operative and pregnant women are excluded from the study. Data collection was done in the period from December 8th to January 13th and analysed there education and occupational status and we found very interestingly more than 90% of the patients are not aware of HIV and its consequences and many of them don’t what is HIV and how can it will be prevented, many of the patients are spreading HIV to their spouse without unknowing that is sexually transmissible. Few patients don’t know that HIV will cause from undisposed needles. Interestingly whoever said they are affected due to un-disposed needles are not drug abusers they are affected due to malpractice done by RMPs who are using multiple use of single needle. And very few answered that HIV will transmitted through blood transfusion after they get affected. The people whoever effected mostly belongs to daily wage labour, farmers and truck drivers. So there is need to create awareness in villagers and illiterates to prevent further progression of disease and to prevent the transmission of disease to younger generation

Optimization of Tween 80 and Span 60 on Cream Ethanol Extract the Leaves Matoa (Pometia Pinnata) as an Antioxidant

Matoa is one of Papua’s endemic plants that have enormous potential for it is used in health as a nutrient, inhibits early aging process, and lowers the risk of some diseases. Matoa leaves extract (Pometia pinnata) contained compound class of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and coumarins, so it can be utilized as one source of natural antioxidants that are good for the body. This study aims to determine the effect of Tween 80 and Span 60 on the physical quality of the optimum formula and test the antioxidant activity of ethanol leaves extract of matoa leaves. Determination of optimum formula using Simple Lattice Design (SLD) method. The results showed that the optimum composition was obtained on Tween 80: Span 60 of 50:50%. The cream with this optimum composition had a power of 3.35 cm; pH test 5.9; sticking power 58.60 sec. The optimum formula of ethanol extract of matoa leaves had a potent antioxidant activity potency with IC50 value of 40.6 ppm