The Strategic Approach of a Leader During an Organizational Crisis Situation

This study was conducted to explore how strategic leadership can be developed to enhance organizational capacity in effectively addressing a diverse range of potential crises. Effective leadership is essential for ensuring that employees remain focused and maintain morale during challenging times. Managers must complement their efforts with strategic leadership that acknowledges the inherent difficulties of crisis situations. Leadership roles are characterized by the need to strategically navigate ambiguity. Drawing on a global, cross-sector research base encompassing natural disasters, industrial accidents, economic downturns, political scandals, heightened social tensions, terrorist incidents, and major policy failures, the study aimed to promote active learning among leaders through various activities such as role-playing, peer feedback, and interactions with expert witnesses from both public and private sectors. It aims to provide insights into different crisis scenarios and the unique leadership challenges associated with each. The study aims to understand leaders' strategic approaches to crisis management and identify key pitfalls to avoid. It also emphasizes the importance of anticipating and effectively operating during the post-acute phase of crisis management. A fundamental principle of leadership highlighted is the need for a strong set of beliefs and a clear understanding of the organization's goals to inspire subordinates toward achieving the organization's objectives

Optimizing Gingival Morphology In Implant Esthetic Zone By Customization Of Healing Abutment – A Case Report

Risks of esthetic complications have been reported following dental implant insertion; hence it was suggested that a customized healing abutment could improve the peri-implant tissue healing. Anatomically contoured healing abutments (also called customized healing abutments) help to contain and protect the slow – Resorbing bone grafts, resulting in bone and soft tissue volume augmentation. Even in healed sites, customized healing abutments have shown a favourable outcome as compared to standard healing abutments. This article describes a simple chairside fabrication of precisely contoured healing abutment which will eventually result in a natural contoured soft tissue enhancing the esthetics of the restoration

Optimization Of Simultaneous Estimation Of Candesartan And Nifedipine In Combination Therapy For Hypertension Management: A Green HPLC Approach Using Design Of Experiment Methodology

ackground: Hypertension is a prevalent health condition with severe implications for cardiovascular health. Combination therapy involving Candesartan and Nifedipine has emerged as a promising approach for managing hypertension due to the synergistic effects of these medications. Methods: This study aimed to develop a Design of Experiment (DoE) based Green High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous estimation of Candesartan and Nifedipine in a combined dosage form. Reversed-phase HPLC was utilized with UV-Vis spectrophotometry for detection. DoE principles were applied to optimize chromatographic conditions, including pH, ethanol percentage in the mobile phase, and flow rate. Results: Optimal chromatographic separation was achieved using a composite mobile phase comprising ethanol and potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (45:55, v/v) at pH 3.7, with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of these parameters in achieving efficient separation. The developed method exhibited high precision, accuracy, and reliability across various validation parameters, including specificity, linearity, repeatability, and robustness. Conclusion: The proposed DoE-based Green HPLC method offers a sustainable and efficient approach for the simultaneous estimation of Candesartan and Nifedipine in hypertension management. By integrating green chemistry principles with systematic method development, this method provides a reliable analytical tool for routine quality control purposes in pharmaceutical formulations containing these medicatio

Neuroprotective role of agmatine in prenatal acute ethanol exposure induce alterations in rats

The present study investigates the impact of agmatine, a neuromodulator with neuroprotective and anxiolytic properties, on behavioral changes associated with prenatal ethanol exposure in rats. The research focuses on the vulnerability of adolescents to alcohol-related problems and explores the potential link between prenatal alcohol exposure, anxiety, and adolescent alcohol use. The study also delves into the neurotoxic effects of ethanol on social behavior, cognitive function, and emotional regulation. The pregnant (GD12) Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to ethanol 2.5 g/kg, 20% v/v followed by a second i.p. injection of 1.25 g/kg ethanol and administered agmatine, along with its modulators, during adolescence. The results reveal that prenatal ethanol exposure induces behavioral changes such as increased locomotor activity, anxiety, social interaction deficits, and depression-like behavior. Agmatine administration, particularly at doses of 40 and 80 mg/kg, mitigates these effects, indicating its potential therapeutic role. Moreover, agmatine treatment improves recognition memory impaired by ethanol exposure and reduces oxidative stress, emphasizing its neuroprotective properties. In conclusion, the study suggests that agmatine holds promise in addressing the behavioural and neurochemical alterations induced by prenatal ethanol exposure during adolescence. The findings contribute to understanding the potential therapeutic capabilities of agmatine in mitigating the adverse consequences of early alcohol exposure on brain function and behaviour

Assessment Of In-Vivo Anti-Fibrotic Potential Of Fruit Seed Extract Of Indian Jujube (Ziziphus Mauritiana) Using 2-Nitropropane Induced Hepatic Fibrosis Model.

Injury to the liver is a significant public health issue that affects people all over the world, which necessitates the creation of innovative treatments that are both effective and safe. Due to the antioxidant activity that it possesses, Ziziphus mauritiana (Z. mauritiana) has traditionally been considered to have therapeutic potential against many organ toxicity disorders. In the current work, the objective was to assess the antioxidant activities in vitro and the potential hepatoprotective effects of hydroethanolic extracts from Z. mauritiana seeds (ZMSE) against 2-nitropropane (2-NP) produced liver damage (Fibrosis) in rats. Additionally, the phytochemical contents of the extracts were to be identified. Through in vitro testing, the extract demonstrated significant antioxidant properties, as well as a high quantity of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds respectively. By activating the hepatic antioxidant defense mechanisms, modulating hepatic functions, and decreasing the production of lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammatory mediators, and collagen content, oral administration of ZMSE (especially high dose) significantly suppressed the incidence and severity of 2-NP-induced liver toxicity. However, the degree of suppression varied depending on the dose. There is a possibility that the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and diterpenoids is responsible for these activities. These findings demonstrate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of ZMSE when administered in varying doses (200, 400, or 800 mg/kg body weight), demonstrate the protective and beneficial effects of the seed against 2-NP-induced hepatic toxicity in rats, and provide support for its consumption, traditional uses, and the promotion of its valorization as a nutraceutical product. &nbsp

Ethnomedicinal Plants Used for Oral Health in Ramshehar Tehsil of District Solan, Himachal Pradesh

The present study was conducted in the Ramshehar tehsil of district Solan (H.P.) to record and compile the traditional ethnomedicinal knowledge used by the local inhabitants for oral health care. A total of 40 ethnomedicinal plants belonging to 25 families were reported from the study area. Direct interviews, group discussions, and pre-tested questionnaires from the respondents were used in the documentation of data. Most of the plant species reported from the study area belong to Fabaceae and Moraceae (4 species each), followed by the Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae and Rutaceae (3 species each). Maximum plant species collected from the study area were trees (50%), followed by shrubs (35%), herbs (12%) and climbers (3%). The twigs (34%) were the most used plant parts followed by leaves (18%) and latex (14%) for oral health care

Pharmacognostical Exploration And Pharmacological Potential Of Solanum Indicum Berries Belongs To The Family Solanaceae

Solanum indicum, also recognized as Vanbhanta or Brihati, holds a significant place in traditional medicinal practices, notably Ayurveda. This review concentrates on a thorough examination of Solanum indicum fruits, encompassing their Pharmacognostical evaluation and potential pharmacological applications. The assessment encompasses various facets such as the plant's morphological traits, microscopic attributes, chemical constituents, and physical constants, offering valuable insights into the plant's quality and purity. Solanum indicum fruits exhibit distinct Pharmacognostical characteristics facilitating their identification and quality assessment. Noteworthy features include the presence of small, spherical berries in shades of yellow to orange, typically measuring 1-2 cm in diameter. The fruit's exterior is smooth, housing numerous small seeds within the inner pulp. Microscopic scrutiny reveals abundant parenchyma cells, vascular bundles, and distinct glandular trichomes. The pharmacological potential spans diverse therapeutic areas, including anticancer, antioxidant, and antipyretic properties, showcasing their versatility as a natural remedy. Research indicates that Solanum indicum fruit extracts may possess antipyretic activity, making them particularly intriguing in regions where they are indigenous. These fruits hold promise in alleviating fever symptoms and contributing to the overall well-being of individuals with febrile conditions. Additionally, preliminary studies suggest that certain compounds within Solanum indicum fruits may exhibit anti-cancer properties by impeding cancer cell growth and inducing apoptosis. Abundant in antioxidants, especially flavonoids and polyphenols, Solanum indicum fruits play a role in scavenging free radicals and shielding cells from oxidative damage

Different Strategies of Asymmetric Synthesis

Asymmetric synthesis is one of the significant subjects of research in recent times. It incorporates regulating stereochemistry of compounds to produce enantiomerically pure chemical substances. Chiral auxiliaries/substrates and enantioselective reagents and organocatalysis are used for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure molecules in organic synthesis. Significance of chiral compounds results in the generation of new bonds in a stereo and enantio-controlled method. Separation of enantiomers from enantiomerically impure sources is a difficult process. Asymmetric synthesis finds its challenging applications in medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, life sciences, chromatography, and extraterrestrial chemistry. This article features the eco- friendly approach and cost-effectiveness of different strategies of asymmetric synthesi

Comparative Evaluation of Rate of Canine Retraction, Root Parallelism, Canine Rotation and Anchorage Control between Micro-Osteoperforation and Low Level Laser Therapy : an in-vivo Study

Aim: To evaluate and compare the Rate of Canine Retraction, Root Parallelism, Canine Rotation and Anchorage control between Micro-Osteoperforation (MOP) and Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT). Material and Methods: Twenty-one Participants were selected and randomly divided into Group 1 (MOP Side) and Group 2 (LLLT Side). All participants had to undergo individual Canine Retraction. Participants underwent MOP on the one side and LLLT on the other side. Canines were individually retracted using closed coil NiTi (9 mm) springs at 150gms force. Study models were made at T0, 28th day (T1), 56th day (T2) and 84th day (T3). OPG was collected at T0 & T3. Different parameters like Amount of Canine Retraction, Canine Rotation, Anchorage Control and Root Parallelism were evaluated. Results: Mean retraction of 4.45±0.52 mm is seen in MOP side and 4.62±0.71 mm on the LLLT side. No significant difference is found in Anchorage Control (p=0.68) and Root Parallelism (p=0.171) between both groups. Higher incidences of disto-palatal Canine Rotation are seen in MOP Group (0.36±0.57), but is statistically not significant (p=0.01). Conclusion: There was statistically no significant difference found in rate of Canine Retraction, Root Parallelism, Anchorage Control and Canine Rotation between MOP and LLLT Group

The Effect Of Enteral Glutamine To Increase The Macrophage Count In Full-Thickness Burns Infected With Acinetobacter Baumannii Bacteria In White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

In this study, we explore the impact of hypermetabolic conditions on the immune function of the body, with a particular focus on the role of glutamine, an amino acid involved in protein synthesis and the regulation of metabolic processes within the immune system. Macrophages and monocytes play a crucial role in responding to A.Baumanii infection, being the first line of defense. Our investigation aims to analyze the augmentation of macrophage cell count activity against A. Baumanii through the administration of glutamine. Using an experimental study design, 45 rats were randomly assigned to three groups: a control group, a Glutamine treatment group, and a Glutamine against A. Baumanii group. The rats were evaluated on days 1, 5, and 7, with enteral administration of glutamine at a dose of 1 g/kg body weight/day. Specimens were taken from the peritoneum tissue, and anatomical pathology preparations were conducted to calculate the number of macrophage cells. Data collected were then input into a table and processed using SPSS 26 for Windows. Results revealed a significant increase in macrophage cell count on day 1 in the Glutamine against A.Baumanii group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). On day 5, the macrophage cell count in both the Glutamine group and the Glutamine against A.Baumanii group was higher than in the control group, with significant differences observed between groups (p < 0.05). On day 7, a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the number of macrophage cells was noted between the Glutamine groups. In conclusion, enteral glutamine feeding led to a notable increase in the number of macrophage cells, indicating a positive impact on the immune system. This rise in macrophages correlates with enhanced phagocytic activity against A.Baumanii infection