Desempeño productivo y análisis económico de una engorda intensiva de corderos tratados con zeranol y andrógenos inyectable bajo condiciones tropicales

The aim of this study was to compare the productive performance and profitability of the fattening of Kathadin male and female lambs (n=97) in confinement treated with Zeranol (ZNL), androgens (AND) and ZNL+AND under a 2x4 factorial design. The lambs treated with ZNL received 0.2 mg/kg of body weight (BW) every 28 d, those treated with AND received Nandrolone Decanoate + Trenbolone + Boldenone Undecinelate, via IM in doses of 0.3 mg/kg + 0.4 mg/kg + 0.3 mg/kg of BW, respectively, every 28 d, those treated with ZL+AND received the same doses of the mentioned drugs, while those in the control group received 0.5 mL of saline solution. Final body weight (FBW), daily weight gain (DWG), feed conversion (FC) on dry basis (DM) and wet basis (WM), and voluntary intake (VC) in DM and WM were evaluated. The FBW was different (p<0.05) between treatments in males and females. The DWG was higher (p<0.05) for females treated with AND compared to those treated with ZNL and AND+ZNL, the latter being similar to those of the control group. Females treated with AND registered a lower (p<0.05) VC compared to those treated with ZNL and AND+ZNL. Net utility, benefit: cost ratio and profitability were better in animals treated with AND. The administration of AND represents a viable alternative to make more efficient the confinement fattening systems of lambs.El objetivo del estudio fue comparar el desempeño productivo y la rentabilidad de una engorda de corderos machos y hembras Kathadin (n=97) en confinamiento tratados con Zeranol (ZNL), andrógenos (AND) y ZNL+AND bajo un diseño factorial 2x4. Los corderos tratados con ZNL recibieron 0.2 mg/kg de peso vivo (PV) cada 28 d, los tratados con AND recibieron Decanoato de nandrolona + Trembolona + Undecinelato de boldenona, vía IM en dosis de 0.3 mg/kg + 0.4 mg/kg + 0.3 mg/kg de PV, respectivamente, cada 28 d, los tratados con ZL+AND recibieron las mismas dosis de los fármacos mencionados, en tanto que los del grupo control recibieron 0.5 ml de solución salina. Se evaluó el peso vivo final (PVF), ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), conversión alimenticia (CA) en base seca (BS) y base húmeda (BH), y el consumo voluntario (CV) en BS y BH. El PVF fue diferente (p<0.05) entre tratamientos en hembras y machos. La GDP resultó mayor (p<0.05) para hembras tratadas con AND en comparación con las tratadas con ZNL y AND+ZNL, siendo las últimas similares a las del grupo control. Las hembras tratadas con AND registraron un menor (p<0.05) CV en comparación con las tratadas con ZNL y AND+ZNL. La utilidad neta, relación beneficio: costo y rentabilidad fueron mejores en los animales tratados con AND. La administración de AND representa una alternativa viable para hacer más eficiente los sistemas de engorda de corderas y corderos en confinamiento

Producción de forraje y composición morfológica del pasto mulato (Brachiaria híbrido 36061) sometido a diferentes regímenes de pastoreo

Three grazing frequencies (14, 21 and 28 d) and two grazing intensities (9-11 and 13-15 cm cutting height) were assessed in Mulato grass (Brachiaria hybrid 36061) in a completely randomized block design with a 3*2 factorial arrangement and three replicates. The following attributes were taken into account, herbage yield, growth rate (GR), botanic composition and leaf:stem ratio. No significant interaction (P>0.05) was found between frequency*intensity for herbage yield. Herbage yield distribution was 55, 28 and 17 % respectively for the rainy, north and dry seasons in 2007-2008, evaluation period. The highest annual herbage yield (12,310 kg DM ha-1) was recorded with 28 d grazing interval at 13-15 cm of grazing intensity. Herbage yield increased progressively when grazing frequency lengthened from 14 to 28 d (PEn Brachiaria híbrido se estudiaron tres frecuencias (14, 21 y 28 días) y dos intensidades de pastoreo (9-11 y 13-15 cm), distribuidos en un diseño de bloques al azar en arreglo factorial 3 x 2 con tres repeticiones. Se midió: acumulación de forraje, tasa de crecimiento (TC) composición botánica y relación hoja: tallo. No hubo efecto de int eracción (P>0.05) frecuencia x intensidad en la acumulación de forraje. La distribución del rendimiento fue de 55, 28 y 17 % durante las épocas de lluvias, nortes y seca, en el año 2007-2008, con la mayor acumulación anual (12,310 kg MS ha-1) al pastorear cada 28 días, con un incremento progresivo conforme aumentó el intervalo de pastoreo de 14 a 28 días (

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

Measurement of an excess in the yield of J/ψ at very low pT in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV

We report on the first measurement of an excess in the yield of J/ψ at very low transverse momentum (pT<0.3 GeV/c) in peripheral hadronic Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√ = 2.76 TeV, performed by ALICE at the CERN LHC. Remarkably, the measured nuclear modification factor (RAA) of J/ψ in the rapidity range 2.5<y<4 reaches about 7 (2) in the pT range 0-0.3 GeV/c in the 70-90% (50-70%) centrality class. The J/ψ production cross section associated with the observed excess is obtained under the hypothesis that coherent photoproduction of J/ψ is the underlying physics mechanism. If confirmed, the observation of J/ψ coherent photoproduction in Pb-Pb collisions at impact parameters smaller than twice the nuclear radius opens new theoretical and experimental challenges and opportunities. In particular, coherent photoproduction accompanying hadronic collisions may provide insight into the dynamics of photoproduction and nuclear reactions, as well as become a novel probe of the Quark-Gluon Plasma

Measurement of electrons from beauty-hadron decays in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV and Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV

The production of beauty hadrons was measured via semi-leptonic decays at mid-rapidity with the ALICE detector at the LHC in the transverse momentum interval 1<pT<8 GeV/c in minimum-bias p-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV and in 1.3<pT<8 GeV/c in the 20% most central Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=2.76 TeV. The pp reference spectra at s√=5.02 TeV and s√=2.76 TeV, needed for the calculation of the nuclear modification factors RpPb and RPbPb, were obtained by a pQCD-driven scaling of the cross section of electrons from beauty-hadron decays measured at s√=7 TeV. In the pT interval 3<pT<8 GeV/c a suppression of the yield of electrons from beauty-hadron decays is observed in Pb-Pb compared to pp collisions. Towards lower pT, the RPbPb values increase with large systematic uncertainties. The RpPb is consistent with unity within systematic uncertainties and is well described by theoretical calculations that include cold nuclear matter effects in p-Pb collisions. The measured RpPb and these calculations indicate that cold nuclear matter effects are small at high transverse momentum also in Pb-Pb collisions. Therefore, the observed reduction of RPbPb below unity at high pT may be ascribed to an effect of the hot and dense medium formed in Pb-Pb collisions

Measurement of D-meson production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

The production cross sections of the prompt charmed mesons D0, D+, D∗+ and D+s were measured at mid-rapidity in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy s√=7 TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). D mesons were reconstructed from their decays D0→K−π+, D+→K−π+π+, D∗+→D0π+, D+s→ϕπ+→K−K+π+, and their charge conjugates. With respect to previous measurements in the same rapidity region, the coverage in transverse momentum (pT) is extended and the uncertainties are reduced by a factor of about two. The accuracy on the estimated total cc¯¯ production cross section is likewise improved. The measured pT-differential cross sections are compared with the results of three perturbative QCD calculations

Production of π0 and η mesons up to high transverse momentum in pp collisions at 2.76 TeV

The invariant differential cross sections for inclusive π0 and η mesons at midrapidity were measured in pp collisions at s√=2.76 TeV for transverse momenta 0.4<pT<40 GeV/c and 0.6<pT<20 GeV/c, respectively, using the ALICE detector. This large range in pT was achieved by combining various analysis techniques and different triggers involving the electromagnetic calorimeter (EMCal). In particular, a new single-cluster, shower-shape based method was developed for the identification of high-pT neutral pions, which exploits that the showers originating from their decay photons overlap in the EMCal. The measured cross sections are found to exhibit a similar power-law behavior with an exponent of about 6.3. Next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations differ from the measured cross sections by about 30% for the π0, and between 30-50% for the η meson, while generator-level simulations with PYTHIA 8.2 describe the data to better than 10-30%, except at pT<1 GeV/c. The new data can therefore be used to further improve the theoretical description of π0 and η meson production

Production of Σ(1385)± and Ξ(1530)0 in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV

The transverse momentum distributions of the strange and double-strange hyperon resonances (Σ(1385)±, Ξ(1530)0) produced in p-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV were measured in the rapidity range −0.5<yCMS<0 for event classes corresponding to different charged-particle multiplicity densities, ⟨dNch/dηlab⟩. The mean transverse momentum values are presented as a function of ⟨dNch/dηlab⟩, as well as a function of the particle masses and compared with previous results on hyperon production. The integrated yield ratios of excited to ground-state hyperons are constant as a function of ⟨dNch/dηlab⟩. The equivalent ratios to pions exhibit an increase with ⟨dNch/dηlab⟩, depending on their strangeness content