Studies on reproduction of the mullet Mugil platanus Günther, 1880 (Actinopterygii, Mugilidae) from the Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon, Argentina: Similarities and differences with related species

The aim of the present study is to provide the first results on the reproductive biology of Mugil platanus, from the Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon (Argentina). To address this topic, we employed mainly female gonads, at both microscopic and macroscopic levels. The following stages of oocyte development were observed: (A) oogonias, (B) primary growth oocyte, (C) cortical alveolus stage, (D) yolked oocytes, and (E) atretic follicle. Also five of the seven stages of gonad maturity were macro and microscopically stated. The potential fecundity ranged between 1,002,026 and 2,548,769 yolked oocytes, with a mean of around 1,800,000 oocytes. The length at first maturity (L 50) was 450.6 total length (TL) and 367.7 standard length (SL) for females, 436.3 TL and 354.9 SL for males, showing a late sexual maturity for both sexes. Seasonal changes in gonadosomatic index (GSI) of females were observed. The mean GSI was ≤1 during six months of the year (January, June-October). Two modes in the ovarian maturation were observed, the most important in April-May and a secondary one in November-December. Both modes, correlated with the CPUE values, are indicative of the mullet migration from the coastal lagoon towards the sea for spawning. Differences and similarities have been found between Mugil platanus and other mugilid species (Mugil cephalus, Mugil curema, Liza aurata, Liza abu, Liza argentea, Myxus elongatus, and Valamugil cunnesius), from the reproductive point of view. The length at first maturity obtained for M. platanus is higher than in other mugilid species and when a relationship between maximum length and L 50 is established the percentage corresponding to Mugil platanus is 75%, while the others range between 50 and 61%.Fil: González Castro, Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Marinas; Argentina. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa; MéxicoFil: Macchi, Gustavo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Cousseau, María Berta. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Marinas; Argentin

Reproductive biology of the eyespot skate atlantoraja cyclophora (Elasmobranchii: Arhynchobatidae) an endemic species of the southwestern atlantic ocean (34ºs - 42ºS)

Atlantoraja cyclophora is an endemic skate to the continental shelf of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (22ºS-47ºS) and a bycatch species in commercial bottom trawl fisheries. The morphometric relationships, the size at maturity and the reproductive cycle of this species were analyzed, with samples collected between 34ºS and 42ºS. The size range was 190 to 674 mm total length (TL) for males and 135 to 709 mm TL for females. Sexual dimorphism between the relationships TL - disc width and TL - total weight was found, with females wider and heavier than males. The mean size at maturity for males was estimated in 530 mm TL and for females in 570 mm TL. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) in mature females varied seasonally and showed the highest value in December. The maximum follicular diameter and oviductal gland width did not show any seasonal pattern. Females with eggs in the uterus were present most of the year. The reproductive activity in males would be continuous throughout the year, evidenced by the lack of variation in the GSI between seasons. The results obtained suggest that A. cyclophora might undergo an annual reproductive cycle, in coincidence to that reported for this species in Brazilian populations.Atlantoraja cyclophora es una raya endémica de las plataformas continentales del Océano Atlántico Sudoccidental (22ºS-47ºS) que se captura incidentalmente en las pesquerías comerciales de arrastre de fondo. Se estudiaron las relaciones morfométricas, el ciclo reproductivo y se estimó la longitud media de madurez sexual de esta especie con muestras colectadas entre 34ºS y 42ºS. El rango de tamaño fue 190 a 674 mm de longitud total (LT) en machos y 135 a 709 mm LT en hembras. Se observó dimorfismo sexual entre las relaciones LT - ancho de disco y LT - peso total, siendo las hembras más anchas y pesadas que los machos. La talla de madurez se estimó en 530 mm LT para machos y en 570 mm LT para hembras. El índice gonadosomático (IGS) en hembras maduras varió estacionalmente, con el valor más alto en Diciembre. No se registró variación estacional respecto al diámetro máximo folicular y al ancho de la glándula oviductal. Se observaron hembras con huevos en los úteros durante la mayor parte del año. La actividad reproductiva en los machos sería continua durante todo el año, dada la falta de variación del IGS entre estaciones. Se sugiere que A. cyclophora experimenta un ciclo reproductivo anual, similar a lo reportado para esta especie en aguas de Brasil.Fil: Wehitt, Anahi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Colonello, Jorge Horacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Macchi, Gustavo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Galíndez, Elena Juana. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentin

Influencia de los factores ambientales en el desove de los esciénidos en la zona costera de Buenos Aires, Argentina

La ictiofauna de las aguas costeras de la provincia de Buenos Aires está dominada por siete especies de esciénidos: Micropogonias furnieri, Cynoscion guatucupa, Macrodon ancylodon, Pogonias cromis, Umbrina canosai, Paralonchurus brasiliensis y Menticirrhus americanus. Con el propósito de describir la estrategia de desove de estas especies en las aguas costeras de Argentina, se analizó la relación entre las hembras de esciénidos en puesta y los factores ambientales. Las especies de esciénidos fueron clasificadas en tres grupos de acuerdo con el intervalo termohalino de las áreas de puesta: (a) desovante estuarino asociado al frente salino de fondo, incluyó las especies que desovaron principalmente en el área interna del estuario en concordancia con los mayores gradientes horizontales de salinidad de fondo (M. furnieri, M. ancylodon y P. cromis); (b) desovante estuarino no asociado al frente salino de fondo, incluyó las especies que desovaron principalmente en la zona media del estuario, en aguas salobres con salinidades que oscilaron entre 24 y 30 (P. brasiliensis y M. americanus);y (c) desovante marino, incluyó las especies que desovaron siempre en aguas marinas (valores de salinidad superiores a 30) tanto en la zona externa del estuario del Río de la Plata como en El Rincón, al sur de la provincia de Buenos Aires (C. guatucupa, U. canosai y M. furnieri). Micropogonias furnieri, el esciénido más abundante de Argentina que presenta la mayor distribución latitudinal, puede comportarse como desovante marino o estuarial según las características ambientales. Esto le permite lograr un mayor aprovechamiento de cada ecosistema y, en consecuencia, aumentar sus probabilidades de supervivencia.The fish community in coastal waters of the Buenos Aires Province is dominated by seven sciaenid species: Micropogonias furnieri, Cynoscion guatucupa, Macrodon ancylodon, Pogonias cromis, Umbrina canosai, Paralonchurus brasiliensis, and Menticirrhus americanus. The relation between sciaenid spawning females and environmental factors was examined in order to describe the spawning strategy of these species in Argentine coastal waters. Sciaenid species were classified into three groups according to the thermohaline range of the spawning areas: (a) estuarine spawners associated with the bottom salinity front comprised those species that spawned in the inner area of the estuary in accordance with the main horizontal salinity gradients at the bottom (M. furnieri, M. ancylodon, and P. chromis); (b) estuarine spawners not associated with the bottom salinity front comprised those species that spawned mainly in the middle of the estuary, in brackish water with salinities ranging from 24 to 30 (P. brasiliensis and M. americanus); and (c) marine spawners comprised those species that always spawned in salt water (salinity values higher than 30) in the outer area of the Río de la Plata Estuary or El Rincón, in the southern part of Buenos Aires Province (C. guatucupa, U. canosai, and M. furnieri). Micropogonias furnieri, the most abundant sciaenid in Argentina that presents the highest latitudinal distribution, can behave as a marine or estuarine spawner depending on the environmental characteristics. This allows it to make better use of each ecosystem and thus increase its survival chances.Fil: Militelli, Maria Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Rodrigues, Karina Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Cortés, Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Macchi, Gustavo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentin

Skipped spawning in the Patagonian stock of Argentine Hake (Merluccius hubbsi)

We analyzed the macroscopic and histological maturity data of Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) collected off Patagonia in the spawning area of the Patagonian stock of this species between 2005 and 2014 to determine the frequency of skipped spawning. This study revealed that the only evidence of skipped spawning observed for Argentine hake was the resting stage. Analysis of 58,891 adult females of Argentine hake sampled during their reproductive peak indicates that, annually, between 6% and 22% of them had skipped spawning. These females were located mostly in the periphery of the spawning area, in deeper (>90 m) and colder waters (7–8°C). Individuals that had skipped spawning had a more intense feeding activity and a better nutritional condition (K=0.68–0.75) than females collected in the main spawning area according to the Fulton’s condition index. In contrast, postspawning females showed the poorest condition (K=0.62–0.68) because of the energy cost involved with reproduction. Females that had skipped spawning were mostly young individuals with a modal age of 3 years and a modal size of 38 cm TL. These results indicate that a significant proportion of females that had completed their first annual spawning could skip the next spawning event and stay on the periphery of the reproductive area to feed.Fil: Macchi, Gustavo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - CONICET - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Marina Vera. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - CONICET - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Leonarduzzi, Ezequiel. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Militelli, Maria Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - CONICET - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Rodrigues, Karina Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - CONICET - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentin

The use of morphological and histological features as nutritional condition indices o Pagrus pagrus larvae

Con el objeto de determinar si las técnicas morfométricas e histológicas permiten diferenciar larvas en estado de inanición de las sometidas a tratamientos de alimentación, ejemplares de Pagrus pagrus fueron criados en laboratorio bajo condicion escontroladas. Una vez que el vitelo fue consumido (tres días luego de la eclosión) las larvas fueron sometidas a diferentes tratamientos de alimentación: completamente privadas de alimento, privadas de alimento durante tres días y luego alimentadas, y alimentadas durante todo el experimento. Algas (Nannochloropsis oculata) y rotíferos (Brachionus plicatilis) fueron proporcionados a las larvas de los tratamientos de alimentación. Diariamente se fijaron ejemplares de los tres tratamientos en formol 5% para estudios morfométricos y en Bouin para estudios histológicos. Los resultados obtenidos dan evidencias de que las metodologías presentadas son suficientemente sensibles para determinar diferencias en la condición de larvas sometidas a los tratamientos de alimentación. Por lo tanto, podrían ser empleadas para determinar la condición nutricional de las larvas de besugo recolectadas en el mar. Por otra parte, éstas metodologías podrían ser empleadas para determinar la calidad de larvas producidas en acuicultura y evaluar los efectos de modificaciones introducidas en los protocolos de crianza o en el tipo de alimento suministrado con el objeto de mejorar la supervivencia de los estadios tempranos de desarrollo.Morphometrical and histological techniques were employed to characterize Pagrus pagrus larvae nutritional condition. Larvae were reared in laboratory under controlled conditions with the main objective of testing whether these methodologies allowed finding differences between larvae from different feeding treatments. Once yolk was consumed (three days after hatching) larvae were assigned to a feeding treatment: starved during the whole experiment; delayed feeding, starved during three days; fed during the entire experiment. Algae (Nannochloropsis oculata) and rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis) were provided to larvae for feed treatments. Larvae were fixed daily; for morphometrical purposes in 5% formaldehyde solution, and in Bouin for histological sections. Results herein obtained showed that both methodologies are sensitive enough to distinguish larvae characterized by different nutritional condition states obtained from the feeding treatments. Consequently, these methodologies could be employed in wild red porgy larvae in order to asses their nutritional condition. These techniques could also be employed to check larval quality obtained with aquaculture purposes to estimate the effects of changes in rearing protocols or kind of food supply and thus, to guaranty a higher survival of early developmental stages of reared larvae.Fil: Diaz, Marina Vera. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina;Fil: Arano, María Felis. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentina;Fil: Pajaro, Marcelo. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina;Fil: Aristizabal Abud, Eddie Oscar. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina;Fil: Macchi, Gustavo Javier. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Hormonal analysis provides new insights on reproductive features in Antarctic notothenioids: a trial in Lepidonotothen

The knowledge of reproductive biology in notothenioids arises exclusively frommacroscopic and histologic descriptions, without the complement of hormonal analysis.Our study provides for first time in Lepidonotothen nudifrons adult females, informationon oocyte growth and change in testosterone and estradiol plasma levels throughout theovarian growth. Sampling included near 100 specimens caught at Potter Cove (PC), SouthShetland Islands (SSI), from November to late March of 2016-2018. Histological analysisconfirmed the macroscopic characteristic of two distinct cohorts of oocytes: one leadingclutch (Lc) of large orange vitellogenic oocytes, to be spawned in the upcomingreproductive season, and a second clutch of smaller whitish previtellogenic oocytes. InMarch, females (n=17) attained gonado-somatic index of 13-20% (16.73±4.20), totalfecundity of 2196-4652 oocytes/female (3209±740) and Lc oocytes of 1.7-2.1 mm. The Lcoocytes growth was significantly associated with photoperiod, with no diameter variationuntil the summer solstice, when they began to grow linearly with an estimated rate of0.01 mm/day. Testosterone and estradiol increased together with the oocyte growingthroughout the analyzed seasons, with a higher rise rate during March. The significantplasma level increase of both sex steroids observed in March and the reproductive effort data suggest that: (1) specimens were at a late vitellogenesis stage just prior to theoocyte final maturation in March, and thus L. nudifrons spawning period might onsetfrom this month at SSI; (2) PC is likely a spawning site for L. nudifrons, which reinforce thehypothesis that nearshore areas are spawning grounds for some notothenioids.Fil: Novillo Estofan, Julio Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Comercio Interno y Culto. Dirección Nacional del Antártico. Instituto Antártico Argentino; ArgentinaFil: Elisio, Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Moreira, María Eugenia. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Comercio Interno y Culto. Dirección Nacional del Antártico. Instituto Antártico Argentino; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Macchi, Gustavo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Barrera Oro, Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Comercio Interno y Culto. Dirección Nacional del Antártico. Instituto Antártico Argentino; ArgentinaXXXIV Scientific Committee on Antartic Research (SCAR)HobartAustraliaSCARAstronomy and geo-space observations from Antarctic

The reproductive biology of Pinguipes brasilianus Cuvier, 1829 (Osteichthyes: Pinguipedidae) in temperate rocky reefs of Argentina

Pinguipes brasilianus is a conspicuous and abundant rocky-reef fish inhabiting the Northern Patagonian gulfs of Argentina, Southwest Atlantic. This study describes its reproductive biology in this region. We made macroscopic and histological descriptions of the testis and ovary development, analyzed the evolution of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) in both sexes throughout the year, and estimated fecundity and length at 50% maturity for females. Pinguipes brasilianus is a multiple spawner with indeterminate annual fecundity and an extended reproductive season, encompassing austral spring and summer. Low GSI values in males (monthly means ranged between 0.11% and 0.75%) and low relative fecundity in female fish (between 2 and 44 oocytes/g) are consistent with a need of close proximity between male and female during oocyte fertilization, sexual courtship and with spawning in pairs and/or within reef crevices. The estimated length at 50% maturity (± SD) for females was 15.22 ± 0.43 cm total length. Although P. brasilianus shares the main reproductive features of its congeneric species Pinguipes chilensis, male GSI and female length at 50% maturity in P brasilianus were markedly lower than those reported for P. chilensis, while relative and batch fecundity were greater in fish of the same size.Pinguipes brasilianus es una especie abundante en los arrecifes rocosos de los golfos norpatagónicos de Argentina, en el Atlántico Sudoccidental. En este trabajo estudiamos su biología reproductiva, incluyendo la descripción macroscópica e histológica del desarrollo de testículos y ovarios, el análisis de la evolución del índice gonadosomático (IGS) para ambos sexos a lo largo del ciclo anual, y la estimación de la fecundidad y la talla de primera madurez para las hembras. Pinguipes brasilianus es un desovante múltiple con fecundidad indeterminada y una estación reproductiva extensa que abarca la primavera y el verano australes. Los bajos valores de IGS en machos (el promedio mensual varió entre 0,11% y 0,75%), y la baja fecundidad relativa en las hembras (entre 2 y 4 oocitos/g) son consistentes con un sistema de apareamiento que involucra una estrecha proximidad entre machos y hembras durante la fertilización de los oocitos, cortejo y desove en parejas y/o en áreas confinadas (ej .: refugios). La talla de primera madurez (± DE) estimada para las hembras fue de 15,22 ± 0,43 cm de largo total. Aunque P. brasilianus comparte los principales rasgos reproductivos con Pinguipes chilensis , tanto los valores promedio de IGS en machos como la talla de primera madurez en hembras fueron menores que los reportados para P. chilensis , mientras que la fecundidad (parcial y relativa) fue mayor.Fil: Villanueva Gomila, Gabriela Lujan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; ArgentinaFil: Macchi, Gustavo Javier. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ehrlich, Martín David. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución; ArgentinaFil: Irigoyen, Alejo Joaquin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; ArgentinaFil: Venerus, Leonardo Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentin

Evaluating the role of endogenous and exogenous features on larval hake nutritional condition

Evaluating the nutritional condition of fish larvae is imperative to establish the importance of starvation, understanding the causes of larval mortality and determining favorable zones for growth and survival within nursery areas. We assessed the nutritional condition of Merluccius hubbsi larvae employing RNA/DNA index (sRD) and its derived index of growth performance (Gpf). Larvae (N = 395) were collected during the reproductive peak in 2010 and 2011. Principal Component Analysis and Generalized Linear Models were used to study the relationship between larval condition and endogenous factors (size, weight, growth rate, trophic incidence, and carbon content per stomach) and exogenous variables (temperature, chlorophyll concentration, potential prey availability, ctenophore biomass, and hake larvae density). The year of sampling was also considered as a variable. The significant variables in the model selection were size, temperature, the density of hake larvae, and year. The larval size was positively related to the condition while larval density and temperature showed a negative relationship with the sRD index. The year was also a significant variable, with higher larval sRD values in 2010. The negative relationship between sRD and larval density suggests the existence of mechanisms of density-dependence operating upon larval condition. On the other hand, the lower temperatures occurred in stratified waters (with greater availability of food) a fact that might explain the negative relationship between sRD and temperature. The fitting of the models suggests that other explanatory variables might be considered to improve the understanding of the nutritional condition index nature.Fil: Diaz, Marina Vera. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Do Souto, Marina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Betti, Paola. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Temperoni, Brenda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Schiariti, Agustin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Machinandiarena, Laura. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Brown, Daniel Roberto. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Macchi, Gustavo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentin

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research