Surgimiento de las prácticas científicas de colaboración en la ciencia mexicana con cobertura en los índices internacionales

Presentamos un estudio de la producción científica mexicana de corriente principal publicada en la primera mitad del siglo XX, a través de un enfoque metodológico que combina elementos historiográficos, sociales y bibliométricos orientados a identificar y caracterizar la evolución de sus prácticas científicas. Artículos del Science Citation Index y SCOPUS son analizados a través de herramientas provenientes del análisis de redes sociales revelando las relaciones de co-autoría. El análisis y la contrastación entre los hechos históricos de organización y las medidas de cohesión, centralidad y densidad de las estructuras de la red bibliométrica, ofrecen una abundante documentación referente a un proceso de enriquecimiento y diversificación de las formas de organización de la ciencia mexicana que da cuenta de una etapa de consolidación ocurrida principalmente en el periodo de 1930 a 1950.A study of mainstream Mexican scientific production from 1900 to 1950 is presented. A methodological mixture is made with historiographical and bibliometrical network analysis elements. This is presented in order to characterize the evolution of scientific practices. Articles are taken from Science Citation Index and SCOPUS and they are analized through co-authorship networks. Analysis and contrast between historical facts of scientific organization and cohesion, centrality and density measures of co-authorship networks show an enrichment and diversification of Mexican science organization. This demonstrates a consolidation stage between 1930 and 1950 in this country

Estructuras de organización del área de química de la UAM de acuerdo con la literatura de corriente principal: 1974-2013

Se analiza la producción científica del área de química de la UAM registrada en los índices de citas Web of Science (WoS) de 1974-2013, para determinar los comportamientos de producción y citas de esta área y la forma en que contribuye al crecimiento de la ciencia producida por esta universidad. Para cumplir con el objetivo se aplicó el método bibliométrico que se apoya en los datos que integra la referencia bibliográfica y se complementa con el análisis de redes de coautoría para identificar las estructuras de organización que conforman el área de química. En términos generales la UAM asiste a la ciencia nacional con aportaciones muy significativas que están por arriba del 5% de la producción y 20% en citas. El trabajo orientado al campo de la química aporta el 22% de la producción que registra la UAM en WoS y el 30% de las citas. El departamento de química de la UAM-I contribuye con el 17% de los trabajos y 29% de las citas. La UAM-A con 30 años trabajando en este campo no ha logrado consolidarla, posiblemente por la falta de una estructura organizacional más sólida, como la que actualmente conforma la UAM-I.Scientific production in the area of chemistry UAM rates recorded in dating Web of Science (WoS) from 1974 to 2013, to determine the behavior of production and citations in this area and how it contributes to the growth of analyzes science produced by the university. To meet the goal bibliometric method based on data that integrates the bibliographic references and complements the co-authorship network analysis to identify the organizational structures that make up the area of applied chemistry. Overall attends UAM national science with significant contributions that are above 5% of production and 20% in citations. The work-oriented field of chemistry contributes 22% production that records the UAM in WoS and 30% of the citations. The chemistry department of the UAM-I contributes 17% of jobs and 29% of the citations. UAM-A with 30 years working in this field has failed to consolidate, possibly for lack of a more solid organizational structure, such as that currently forms the UAM-I

Análisis histórico bibliométrico de las revistas latinoamericanas y caribeñas en los índices de la ciencia internacional: 1961-2005

This paper examines the history of the coverage of Latin American and Caribbean journals (LAC-J) in the indexes of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). Different aspects of the data are analyzed: country of origin, entry date and date of cancellation, title changes, periods of coverage, production of papers, impact factor (IF), index and subject areas. Results show 121 scientific journals included in the Science Citation Index, Social Sciences Citation Index and Arts & Humanities Citation Index, in a period of 45 years: 1961-2005. The historical evolution of the presence of the LAC-J in ISI indexes, as well as the individual profiles of the journals as mainstream scientific communication media, complemented with other aspects such as: geographic origin, index and subject area. The LAC-J have maintained a permanent presence in a state of evident growth during 45 years in the three indexes of the ISI, during which time their position has strengthened as diffusion media of local scientific practices. In addition, they have made possible the development of international indicators more appropriate to the region.Se presenta un análisis bibliométrico de la historia de la participación de las Revistas Latinoamericanas y del Caribe (RLA-C) en los índices del Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), documentado con información referente al país de origen, fechas de inicio y baja, cambios de título, periodos de vigencia, trabajos publicados, factor de impacto, índice de cobertura y áreas temáticas. Se identificaron 121 revistas científicas aceptadas en el Science Citation Index, Social Sciences Citation Index y Arts & Humanities Citation Index, en un periodo de 45 años: 1961-2005. En este análisis se caracteriza la evolución histórica de la presencia de las RLA-C en los índices ISI, así como el perfil individual de las revistas como medios de comunicación científica de corriente principal, complementados con aspectos referentes al origen geográfico, índice de cobertura y el área temática. Las RLA-C han mantenido una presencia permanente, en un estado de evidente crecimiento, durante 45 años en los tres índices del ISI, consolidándose como los medios de difusión de las prácticas científicas más ligadas al contexto local y desarrollando indicadores internacionales propios de la región

Clinical and Laboratory Features in Anti-NF155 Autoimmune Nodopathy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical and laboratory features of antineurofascin-155 (NF155)-positive autoimmune nodopathy (AN). METHODS: Patients with anti-NF155 antibodies detected on routine immunologic testing were included. Clinical characteristics, treatment response, and functional scales (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] and Inflammatory Rasch-built Overall Disability Scale [I-RODS]) were retrospectively collected at baseline and at the follow-up. Autoantibody and neurofilament light (NfL) chain levels were analyzed at baseline and at the follow-up. RESULTS: Forty NF155+ patients with AN were included. Mean age at onset was 42.4 years. Patients presented with a progressive (75%), sensory motor (87.5%), and symmetric distal-predominant weakness in upper (97.2%) and lower extremities (94.5%), with tremor and ataxia (75%). Patients received a median of 3 (2-4) different treatments in 46 months of median follow-up. Response to IV immunoglobulin (86.8%) or steroids (72.2%) was poor in most patients, whereas 77.3% responded to rituximab. HLA-DRB1*15 was detected in 91.3% of patients. IgG4 anti-NF155 antibodies were predominant in all patients; anti-NF155 titers correlated with mRS within the same patient (r = 0.41, p = 0.004). Serum NfL (sNfL) levels were higher in anti-NF155+ AN than in healthy controls (36.47 vs 7.56 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and correlated with anti-NF155 titers (r = 0.43, p = 0.001), with I-RODS at baseline (r = -0.88, p < 0.001) and with maximum I-RODS achieved (r = -0.58, p = 0.01). Anti-NF155 titers and sNfL levels decreased in all rituximab-treated patients. DISCUSSION: Anti-NF155 AN presents a distinct clinical profile and good response to rituximab. Autoantibody titers and sNfL are useful to monitor disease status in these patients. The use of untagged-NF155 plasmids minimizes the detection of false anti-NF155+ cases. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class IV evidence that anti-NF155 antibodies associate with a specific phenotype and response to rituximab

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

¿Qué queda de mí?

Este libro es una reclamación a quienes hemos sido, somos o seremos docentes. A quienes no hemos respetado a las personas que se han puesto junto a nosotros y nosotras, confiando su bien más preciado: la libertad. Estas páginas denuncian cada vez que convertimos una visión en la visión, una emoción en la emoción, un saber en el saber, un comportamiento en el comportamiento. Es un grito contra la imposición, la normalización, la neutralización y la universalización de una perspectiva particular. Una pugna contra cada proceso que no se ha conectado con las vidas de los aprendices. Un texto colaborativo realizado por alumnado de Educación y Cambio Social en el Grado en Educación Infantil de la Universidad de Málaga y coordinado por Ignacio Calderón Almendros

Risk factors associated with adverse fetal outcomes in pregnancies affected by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a secondary analysis of the WAPM study on COVID-19.

Objectives To evaluate the strength of association between maternal and pregnancy characteristics and the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with laboratory confirmed COVID-19. Methods Secondary analysis of a multinational, cohort study on all consecutive pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from February 1, 2020 to April 30, 2020 from 73 centers from 22 different countries. A confirmed case of COVID-19 was defined as a positive result on real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay of nasal and pharyngeal swab specimens. The primary outcome was a composite adverse fetal outcome, defined as the presence of either abortion (pregnancy loss before 22 weeks of gestations), stillbirth (intrauterine fetal death after 22 weeks of gestation), neonatal death (death of a live-born infant within the first 28 days of life), and perinatal death (either stillbirth or neonatal death). Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate parameters independently associated with the primary outcome. Logistic regression was reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Mean gestational age at diagnosis was 30.6+/-9.5 weeks, with 8.0% of women being diagnosed in the first, 22.2% in the second and 69.8% in the third trimester of pregnancy. There were six miscarriage (2.3%), six intrauterine device (IUD) (2.3) and 5 (2.0%) neonatal deaths, with an overall rate of perinatal death of 4.2% (11/265), thus resulting into 17 cases experiencing and 226 not experiencing composite adverse fetal outcome. Neither stillbirths nor neonatal deaths had congenital anomalies found at antenatal or postnatal evaluation. Furthermore, none of the cases experiencing IUD had signs of impending demise at arterial or venous Doppler. Neonatal deaths were all considered as prematurity-related adverse events. Of the 250 live-born neonates, one (0.4%) was found positive at RT-PCR pharyngeal swabs performed after delivery. The mother was tested positive during the third trimester of pregnancy. The newborn was asymptomatic and had negative RT-PCR test after 14 days of life. At logistic regression analysis, gestational age at diagnosis (OR: 0.85, 95% CI 0.8-0.9 per week increase; pPeer reviewe

Nuevos escenarios para la docencia universitaria : entornos híbridos y pedagogías emergentes.

Memorias del IX Simposio Internacional de Docencia Universitaria (SIDU)Los trabajos reunidos en esta Memoria representan una contribución importante al campo de la educación y de la docencia universitaria, en tanto muestran distintas maneras de responder a las problemáticas educativas cotidianas y presentan propuestas para afrontar los retos emergentes en el campo de la educación superior. Invitamos a los lectores a realizar una lectura atenta y crítica de los trabajos compilados en esta publicación. Estamos seguros de que este acercamiento propiciará la reflexión y el análisis riguroso de los objetos de estudio abordados por los autores, y estimulará la generación de nuevos proyectos de investigación, intervención e innovación educativa que incidan en el desarrollo de mejores prácticas de docencia en educación media superior y superior.Pimera edición digitaldoi.org/10.56019/EDU-CETYS.2024.182

Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists differ in chemical structure, duration of action, and in their effects on clinical outcomes. The cardiovascular effects of once-weekly albiglutide in type 2 diabetes are unknown. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of albiglutide in preventing cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Methods: We did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 610 sites across 28 countries. We randomly assigned patients aged 40 years and older with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (at a 1:1 ratio) to groups that either received a subcutaneous injection of albiglutide (30–50 mg, based on glycaemic response and tolerability) or of a matched volume of placebo once a week, in addition to their standard care. Investigators used an interactive voice or web response system to obtain treatment assignment, and patients and all study investigators were masked to their treatment allocation. We hypothesised that albiglutide would be non-inferior to placebo for the primary outcome of the first occurrence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, which was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. If non-inferiority was confirmed by an upper limit of the 95% CI for a hazard ratio of less than 1·30, closed testing for superiority was prespecified. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02465515. Findings: Patients were screened between July 1, 2015, and Nov 24, 2016. 10 793 patients were screened and 9463 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to groups: 4731 patients were assigned to receive albiglutide and 4732 patients to receive placebo. On Nov 8, 2017, it was determined that 611 primary endpoints and a median follow-up of at least 1·5 years had accrued, and participants returned for a final visit and discontinuation from study treatment; the last patient visit was on March 12, 2018. These 9463 patients, the intention-to-treat population, were evaluated for a median duration of 1·6 years and were assessed for the primary outcome. The primary composite outcome occurred in 338 (7%) of 4731 patients at an incidence rate of 4·6 events per 100 person-years in the albiglutide group and in 428 (9%) of 4732 patients at an incidence rate of 5·9 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·78, 95% CI 0·68–0·90), which indicated that albiglutide was superior to placebo (p&lt;0·0001 for non-inferiority; p=0·0006 for superiority). The incidence of acute pancreatitis (ten patients in the albiglutide group and seven patients in the placebo group), pancreatic cancer (six patients in the albiglutide group and five patients in the placebo group), medullary thyroid carcinoma (zero patients in both groups), and other serious adverse events did not differ between the two groups. There were three (&lt;1%) deaths in the placebo group that were assessed by investigators, who were masked to study drug assignment, to be treatment-related and two (&lt;1%) deaths in the albiglutide group. Interpretation: In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, albiglutide was superior to placebo with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events. Evidence-based glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists should therefore be considered as part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Funding: GlaxoSmithKline