Design Studies of Nb3Sn High-Gradient Quadrupole Models for LARP

Insertion quadrupoles with large aperture and high gradient are required to achieve the luminosity upgrade goal of 10{sup 35} cm{sup -2} s{sup -1} at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In 2004, the US Department of Energy established the LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) to develop a technology base for the upgrade. Nb{sub 3}Sn conductor is required in order to operate at high field and with sufficient temperature margin. We report here on the conceptual design studies of a series of 1 m long 'High-gradient Quadrupoles' (HQ) that will explore the magnet performance limits in terms of peak fields, forces and stresses. The HQ design is expected to provide coil peak fields of more than 15 T, corresponding to gradients above 300 T/m in a 90 mm bore. Conductor requirements, magnetic, mechanical and quench protection issues for candidate HQ designs will be presented and discussed

Development and Coil Fabrication for the LARP 3.7-m Long Nb3Sn Quadrupole

The U.S. LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) has started the fabrication of 3.7-m long Nb$_3$Sn quadrupole models. The Long Quadrupoles (LQ) are ldquoProof-of-Principlerdquo magnets which are to demonstrate that Nb$_3$Sn technology is mature for use in high energy particle accelerators. Their design is based on the LARP Technological Quadrupole (TQ) models, developed at FNAL and LBNL, which have design gradients higher than 200 T/m and an aperture of 90 mm. The plans for the LQ R&D; and a design update are presented and discussed in this paper. The challenges of fabricating long accelerator-quality Nb$_3$Sn coils are presented together with the solutions adopted for the LQ coils (based on the TQ experience). During the fabrication and inspection of practice coils some problems were found and corrected. The fabrication at BNL and FNAL of the set of coils for the first Long Quadrupole is in progress

Test Results of LARP 3.6 m Nb3Sn Racetrack Coils Support by Full-length and Segmented Shell Structures

As part of the LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) to build a high performance quadrupole magnet with Nb{sub 3}Sn conductor, a pair of 3.6 m-long Nb{sub 3}Sn racetrack coils has been made at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and installed in two shell-type support structures built by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBL). These magnet assemblies have been tested at 4.5 K at BNL to gauge the effect of extended length and prestress on the mechanical performance of the long structure compared to earlier short models. This paper presents the results of quench testing and compares the overall performance of the two versions of the support structure. We also summarize the shell strain measurements and discuss the variation of quench current with ramp rate