Interfacing Friedman and string cosmologies

Compactification and symmetry breaking events in theories of heterotic superstrings implicitly indicate five inflation events. Scales of 10^{9} ly and larger are modeled in terms of these events. The proposed model accounts qualitatively for recent observations (of galactic clusters that lie on "thin,.. semi-spherical shells") and motivates a calculation that accounts (approximately) for the observed number of galaxies.Comment: 4 pages, no figure

Supergravitational Production of "Flavor and Color"

A conventional graviton vertex operator is generated from the gauging of global supersymmetry. If the outgoing gravitino is replaced by a fermion-boson pair of like helicity, and if a new principle of equivalence associates supergravity with the introduction of color, then every quark flavor can be described as a gravitationally excited lepton. In this context, A SUSY SU(5)can be constructed exclusively of leptons and their scaler superpartners (or of quarks and their superpartners). This SUSY GUT flavor symmetry, which is preserved by the proposed supergravity interactions, accounts for three fermionic generations and predicts a new quark--aleft-handed (non-strange) version of the strange quark.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

An Asymmetry in the Maxwell Equations

A term in the Maxwell-Ampere law describes a linear displacement current that is symmetrically enclosed by the curl of a magnetic field. In this context symmetry calls for a term in the Faraday-Lenz law, which in the absence of a conducting coil would describe a loop of displacement current about a linear increment of magnetic flux. This term, introduced to satisfy symmetry, predicts a physical phenomenon that has recently been observed.Comment: 3 pages, no figure

SUGRA interactions at thresholds of asymptotic freedom

A generic heterotic string theory is uniquely reduced to the standard model in terms of a geometry that transcends compactification. This device also extends the standard model to embrace three generations of fermions, including a left-handed strange quark that is devoid of strangeness and three right-handed neutrinos. Finally the proposed hypothesis indicates supergravitationally mediated quark-lepton transitions that preserve baryon structure, departing from the SUSY GUT tradition that predicts proton decay.Comment: 7 pages, no figure

Quantization as a Consequence of Symmetry

It is argued that the Heisenberg relation on 4-spacetime is a necessary condition for the local gauge invariance of a classical wave in the 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory.Comment: Six pages no figure

SUGRA interactions within flavor triplets

A specific new quark permits that flavor generations constitute a representation of the 3-dimensional SU(3) symmetry that characterizes the Z(3) orbifold. In this context, color and supergravity bind triplets and 4-tuplets into composite fields of spin 3/2 and spin 2; and the symmetry E(8) that characterizes (the observable sector of) 10-spacetime is interpreted as having reduced to SU(5)XSU(3), where SU(3) refers to the 3-dimensional symmetry described above and SU(5) consists of colors and of isotopic spin classes that are devoid of color and hypercharge. In this context, supergravity interactions occur to color bound quarks that are experiencing asymptotic freedom within triplets. Quark-lepton transitions are produced, but quickly reverse, preserving the triplets. The symmetry consisting of six quark classes and six lepton classes is also maintained because the predicted quark is an anomalous, left-handed version of the strange quark.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

A Realistic Superunification

It is argued that every quark flavor can be described as a lepton that has been excited by the absorption of a supernatural field, which is defined. In this context, a minimal irriducible representation of SUSY SU(5) is constructed exclusively of the chiral modes that correspond to three generations of leptons (or quarks) and their scaler superpartners. The proposed model predicts a new quark; a left-handed (non-strange) version of the strange quark.Comment: 7 Pages, 8 Figures. Corrections to figures 7 and 8 and to equations 1.4 through 1.6 and 1.8 through 1.1

A differential geometric context in which quantization is a necessary condition for gauge invariance

It has recently been argued that quantization can be established within classical theory as a consequence of lost information. In this view, classical mechanics is regarded as a union of quantum mechanics and what are called 'hidden variables'. Hidden variable theories were first considered some years ago and abandoned because they did not produce new physics. They have now been revived however, because they appear to provide a logically sound means of relating classical and quantum theories. It is argued here that the Heisenberg uncertainty relations constitute a necessary condition for gauge invariance in the 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory, where the fifth dimension of 5-spacetime is hidden as a 5-dimensional theory of general relativity is projected onto 4-spacetime.Comment: 7 pages, no figure

Quantization as a Necessary Condition for Gauge Invariance

Symmetry and quantization are the two major enterprises of theoretical physics; but some argue that quantization can be derived as a necessary condition for symmetry. It is argued here that the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is a necessary condition for gauge invariance in the 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory.Comment: 8 pages, no figure

Membrane paradigm of the static black bottle

In the membrane paradigm of black holes, it is usually assumed that the normal vector of the stretched horizon has a vanishing acceleration. This assumption breaks down for black bottles, a class of solutions discovered recently in the asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime. In this paper, the membrane paradigm is generalized to the stretched horizon with a nonvanishing acceleration of normal vector, and then it is applied to the static black bottle. In this example, the membrane stress tensor and the fluid quantities are similar to those of black holes, while the fluid continuity equation and the Navier-Stokes equation are well satisfied in the near-horizon limit.Comment: 9 page