New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.

Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms

Competition and Combative Advertising: An Historical Analysis

Fred K. Beard (PhD, University of Oklahoma) is a professor of advertising in the Gaylord College of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Oklahoma. His research interests include comparative advertising, advertising humor, and advertising history. His work has appeared in the Journal of Advertising, the Journal of Advertising Research, the Journal of Business Ethics, the Journal of Business Research, Journalism History, the Journal of Historical Research in Marketing, the Journal of Macromarketing, and the Journal of Marketing Communications, among others.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

A História da Alimentação: balizas historiográficas

Os M. pretenderam traçar um quadro da História da Alimentação, não como um novo ramo epistemológico da disciplina, mas como um campo em desenvolvimento de práticas e atividades especializadas, incluindo pesquisa, formação, publicações, associações, encontros acadêmicos, etc. Um breve relato das condições em que tal campo se assentou faz-se preceder de um panorama dos estudos de alimentação e temas correia tos, em geral, segundo cinco abardagens Ia biológica, a econômica, a social, a cultural e a filosófica!, assim como da identificação das contribuições mais relevantes da Antropologia, Arqueologia, Sociologia e Geografia. A fim de comentar a multiforme e volumosa bibliografia histórica, foi ela organizada segundo critérios morfológicos. A seguir, alguns tópicos importantes mereceram tratamento à parte: a fome, o alimento e o domínio religioso, as descobertas européias e a difusão mundial de alimentos, gosto e gastronomia. O artigo se encerra com um rápido balanço crítico da historiografia brasileira sobre o tema

Racine County militant; an illustrated narrative of war times, and a soldiers' roster; a pioneer publication undertaken in the interest of patriotic Americans in Racine County, Wisconsin. A home-made book, about home people, for home people.

5 p. at end blank for "Memoranda."Mode of access: Internet

Analysis of phase dependent frequency shifts in simulated FTMS transients using the filter diagonalization method

Space-charge perturbs ion motion and affects mass accuracy in ion trapping mass spectrometers. In Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS), both ion-ion and ion-image charge interactions have been examined by experiments and by multiparticle ion simulations using the particle-in-cell (PIC) approach, and the magnitude of observed frequency shifts as a function of ion number agrees with theoretical models. Frequency shifts due to ion-ion interactions have generally been treated in a time-integrated fashion, that is, for the duration of the transient signal. Aizikov and O'Connor have experimentally shown that there is a time-dependence for such interactions, with a periodicity that correlates to the beat period between isotope peaks. Here, we investigate such interactions using PIC simulations and the filter diagonalization method (FDM) for obtaining frequencies from very short durations of the transient. Periodic decreases in observed frequency correlate with ion clouds of isotope peaks coming into phase in their cyclotron orbit. A similar phenomenon is observed in the simulations of ion motion in an Orbitrap mass analyzer, corresponding to the axial motion of isotope groupings moving in and out of phase. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Resistance through representation: ‘storylines’, advertising and Police Federation campaigns

The Police Federation has become an active and successful pressure group on policing and criminal justice issues in the U.K. This article traces the origins of the Federation through to two bitter and far reaching campaigns in the post?war period. The first was the Federation's law and order and pay campaign in the 1970s, the second its battle against the Conservative government's reform proposals during 1993. It is argued that these campaigns represented ‘moments of truth’ when the Federation took it case to the public, appealing above the heads of government and senior officers in pursuit of its goals. A notable, and perhaps unique feature of these campaigns is shifting the ‘arena of negotiation’ through the use of press advertisements. The core textual and pictorial images and representations of the police and policework deployed during these campaigns are examined through use of the richly suggestive concept of ‘storylines