Jugo de pomelo y drogas

Indexación: ScieloCarta al Editor: "En octubre del año 2004, la revista Medical Letter advirtió sobre la interacción del jugo de pomelo con varias drogas usadas frecuentemente. Este artículo fue seleccionado para los médicos obstetras. Otras publicaciones recientes han puesto el tema en la actualidad. Considerando que el jugo de pomelo se está consumiendo bastante en nuestra población y que las interacciones descritas con las drogas pueden ser peligrosas, parece interesante difundir el tema"http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872006000500017&nrm=is

Eutanasia y derecho a morir

Indexación: ScieloCarta al editor de Alexis Lama: "Recientemente han aparecido algunos artículos en la Revista Médica de Chile, que colocan en la actualidad un tema tan importante como lo es la eutanasia. Me he permitido realizar algunos breves comentarios, a fin de aportar mas elementos a la reflexión acerca del mismo. En primer lugar, me referiré al concepto de eutanasia... Mi segundo comentario y que me parece más importante, se refiere al derecho a morir"http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872006000100019&nrm=is

Conflictos de intereses: Una propuesta académica

Indexación: ScieloCarta al editor: "Sr. Editor: El tema de los conflictos de intereses en la práctica médica, recibe cada vez más la atención de instituciones médicas y los médicos. El Colegio Médico de Chile (AG) ha incorporado en la nueva versión de su Código de Etica un capítulo específico sobre el tema. La Asociación de Sociedades Científicas-Médicas de Chile ha difundido recomendaciones para el control de estos conflictos y diversos médicos se han pronunciado sobre los mismos. Sin embargo, los conflictos de intereses siguen presentes y los que guardan relación con la industria farmacéutica han alcanzado notoriedad pública"http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872006000600020&nrm=is

Large-scale genome sampling reveals unique immunity and metabolic adaptations in bats

SCV was supported by a Max Planck Research Group awarded by the Max Planck Gesellschaft, a Human Frontiers Science Program Grant (RGP0058/2016) and a UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship (MR/T021985/1).Comprising more than 1,400 species, bats possess adaptations unique among mammals including powered flight, unexpected longevity, and extraordinary immunity. Some of the molecular mechanisms underlying these unique adaptations includes DNA repair, metabolism and immunity. However, analyses have been limited to a few divergent lineages, reducing the scope of inferences on gene family evolution across the Order Chiroptera. We conducted an exhaustive comparative genomic study of 37 bat species, one generated in this study, encompassing a large number of lineages, with a particular emphasis on multi-gene family evolution across immune and metabolic genes. In agreement with previous analyses, we found lineage-specific expansions of the APOBEC3 and MHC-I gene families, and loss of the proinflammatory PYHIN gene family. We inferred more than 1,000 gene losses unique to bats, including genes involved in the regulation of inflammasome pathways such as epithelial defence receptors, the natural killer gene complex and the interferon-gamma induced pathway. Gene set enrichment analyses revealed genes lost in bats are involved in defence response against pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns. Gene family evolution and selection analyses indicate bats have evolved fundamental functional differences compared to other mammals in both innate and adaptive immune system, with the potential to enhance antiviral immune response while dampening inflammatory signalling. In addition, metabolic genes have experienced repeated expansions related to convergent shifts to plant-based diets. Our analyses support the hypothesis that, in tandem with flight, ancestral bats had evolved a unique set of immune adaptations whose functional implications remain to be explored.PostprintPeer reviewe

The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder