High efficiency veto hadron calorimeter in the NA64 experiment at CERN

Indexación: ScopusNA64 is a fixed-target experiment at the CERN SPS designed to search for Light particle Dark Matter (LDM) candidates with masses in the sub-GeV range. During the 2016–2022 runs, the experiment obtained the world-leading constraints, leaving, however, part of the well-motivated region of parameter space suggested by benchmark LDM models still unexplored. To further improve sensitivity, as part of the upgrades to the setup of NA64 at the CERN SPS H4 beamline, a prototype veto hadron calorimeter (VHCAL) was installed in the downstream region of the experiment during the 2023 run. The VHCAL, made of Cu-Sc layers, was expected to be an efficient veto against upstream electroproduction of large-angle hadrons or photon–nuclear interactions, reducing the background from secondary particles escaping the detector acceptance. With the collected statistics of 4.4×1011 electrons on target (EOT), we demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by rejecting this background by more than an order of magnitude. This result provides an essential input for designing a full-scale optimized VHCAL to continue running background-free during LHC Run 4, when we expect to collect 1013 EOT. Furthermore, this technique combined with improvements in the analysis enables us to decrease our missing energy threshold from 50GeV to 40GeV, thereby enhancing the signal sensitivity of NA64. © 2025 The AuthorsS

Impact of a Before-School Physical Activity Program on Children's Subjective Well-Being: Secondary Findings From the Active-Start Study

Indexación: Scopus.Objective The aim of the study was to test a before-school physical activity intervention (Active-Start) on subjective well-being in socioeconomically disadvantaged Chilean children. Method The Active-Start intervention was a randomized controlled trial involving 170 children aged 8 to 10 from 3 highly vulnerable public schools in Santiago (Chile). The physical activity intervention was delivered daily, before starting the first school-class (8:00–8:30 a.m.) for 8 weeks. Subjective well-being was assessed using validated instruments: the CUBE scale for life satisfaction and a 10-item affect scale for positive and negative emotions. The analyses used were generalized linear mixed models. Results The intervention significantly increased positive emotions in boys (B = 0.56, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.13 to 0.99, P = .011) and girls (B = 0.25, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.48, P = .044). Boys also showed an improvement in overall subjective well-being (z-score: B = 1.05, 95% CI 0.05 to 2.15, P = .041). Specifically, boys reported higher levels of happiness (B = 0.58, 95% CI 0.14 to 1.02, P = .031), contentment (B = 0.69, 95% CI 0.16 to 1.22, P = .012), and fun (B = 0.89, 95% CI 0.31 to 1.47, P = .003). In contrast, changes in life satisfaction and negative emotions were not significant for either sex. Conclusions Our findings suggest that engaging in morning physical activity before starting classes increases positive emotions (such as happiness, contentment, and fun) in children from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds, particularly among boys. This improvement in emotional well-being could enhance their mood and readiness for learning. © 2025 Academic Pediatric Association.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876285925003766?pes=vor&utm_source=scopus&getft_integrator=scopusFunding text This study was funded by the Vicerrector\u00EDa de Investigaci\u00F3n, Desarrollo e Innovaci\u00F3n (Proyectos Basales) of the Universidad de Santiago de Chile (Chile), Grant number 051641ZR_DAS. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Open access funding was provided by Universidad P\u00FAblica de Navarra.S

Framing evidence synthesis production with the lens of sustainable knowledge

Indexación: Scopus.Systematic reviews are widely recognized as the cornerstone of evidence-based health decision-making. Individual studies are synthesized into coherent summaries, providing clarity amid the complexity of modern scientific research. However, the systematic review model is facing a crisis. The rapid increase in the number of reviews has paradoxically undermined their utility, with many becoming outdated, redundant, or of low quality. Despite methodological advancements and the introduction of rapid and living reviews, the evidence ecosystem remains fragmented and inefficient. In this paper, it is argued that current reform efforts fall short because the crisis is not addressed holistically, and the concept of “sustainable knowledge” is proposed to frame evidence synthesis with the lens of sustainability.Lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic and emerging innovations are drawn upon to reframe the problem as systemic, calling for a reconsideration of the entire lifecycle of systematic reviews, including their creation, updating, and application in practice. Stronger networks of collaboration are encouraged, alongside careful use of automation and artificial intelligence where genuine value is added. Academic incentives are suggested to be reshaped so that quality and relevance are prioritized over the sheer number of publications. It is proposed that by adopting sustainability as a guiding principle, systematic reviews can better fulfill their purpose of providing timely, high-quality, and actionable evidence for health decision-making. © 2025 The Author(s).https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0895435625003609?pes=vor&utm_source=scopus&getft_integrator=scopusS

Searching for HI around MHONGOOSE galaxies via spectral stacking

INDEXACION SCOPUSThe observed star formation rates of galaxies in the Local Universe suggests that they are replenishing their gas reservoir across cosmic time. Cosmological simulations predict that this accretion of fresh gas can occur in a hot or a cold mode, yet the existence of low column density (∼1017 cm−2) neutral atomic hydrogen (Hi) tracing the cold mode has not been unambiguously confirmed by observations. We present the application of unconstrained spectral stacking to attempt to detect the emission from this Hi in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) and intergalactic medium (IGM) of six nearby star-forming galaxies from the MHONGOOSE sample for which full-depth observations are available. Our stacking procedure consists of a standard spectral stacking algorithm coupled with a one-dimensional spectral line finder designed to extract a reliable signal close to the noise level. In agreement with previous studies, we find that the amount of signal detected outside the Hi disk is much smaller than implied by simulations. Furthermore, the column density limit that we achieve via stacking (∼1017 cm−2) suggests that direct detection of the neutral CGM and IGM component might be challenging in the future, even with the next generation of radio telescopes. © The Authors 2025

The barriers perceived by Chilean athletes with disability at different social ecological levels

Indexación: Scopus.People with disabilities face various barriers that hinder or prevent access to physical activity, impacting their quality of health and life. This study aimed to examine the barriers to physical activity experienced by Chilean athletes with disability. The sample consisted of 35 Chilean athletes with disability. The participants answered the Physical Activity Questionnaire for People with Mobility Impairments (BPAQ-MI) to assess perceptions of social ecological subdivided into four levels. Sex, the type of sport practice, the region where live, the type of disability, and the physical disability were considered. The organizational level was the main barrier according to the ecological level, with the lack of adaptation of outdoor spaces and the lack of information or inclusive advertising in the sports center being the main barriers identified. An effect of the type of disability on the social ecological barriers was observed, with differences between the non-wheelchair user and wheelchair user groups. The organizational and community context were the main perceived barriers. Thus, it is considered relevant to generate actions for specific interventions in order to promote the practice of physical activity and reduce the main barriers identified in the different contexts within the community. © The Author(s) 2025.https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-04211-0Funding text This study has been partially supported by the funding for research groups (GR21149) granted by the Government of Extremadura (Employment and infrastructure office\u2014Consejer\u00EDa de Empleo e Infraestructuras), with the contribution of the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) by the Optimisation of Training and Sports Performance Research Group (GOERD) of the Faculty of Sports Sciences of the University of Extremadura. Also, the author Jos\u00E9 M. Gamonales was supported by a grant from the Requalification Program of the Spanish University System, Field of Knowledge: Biomedical (MS-18).S

MINCE: III. Detailed chemical analysis of the UVES sample

Indexación: Scopus.Context. The Measuring at Intermediate Metallicity Neutron-Capture Elements (MINCE) project aims to provide high-quality neutron-capture abundances measurements for several hundred stars at an intermediate metallicity of -2.5 < [Fe/H] < -1.5. This project will shed light on the origin of the neutron-capture elements and the chemical enrichment of the Milky Way. Aims. The goal of this work is to chemically characterize the second sample of the MINCE project and compare the abundances with the galactic chemical evolution model at our disposal. Methods. We performed a standard abundance analysis based on one-dimensional (1D) local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) model atmospheres based on high-resolution and high-signal-to-noise-ratio (S/N) spectra from Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES). Results. We provide the kinematic classification (i.e., thin disk, thick disk, thin-to-thick disk, halo, Gaia Sausage Enceladus, Sequoia) of 99 stars and the atmospheric parameters for almost all stars. We derived the abundances for light elements (from Na to Zn) and neutron-capture elements (Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, and Eu) for a subsample of 32 stars in the metallicity range of -2.5 < [Fe/H] < -1.00. In the subsample of 32 stars, we identified eight active stars exhibiting (inverse) P-Cygni profile and one Li-rich star, CD 28-11039. We find a general agreement between the chemical abundances and the stochastic model computed for the chemical evolution of the Milky Way halo for elements Mg, Ca, Si, Ti, Sc, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, La, and Eu. Conclusions. The MINCE project has already significantly increased the number of neutron-capture elements measurements in the intermediate metallicity range. The results from this sample are in perfect agreement with the previous MINCE sample. The good agreement between the chemical abundances and the chemical evolution model of the Galaxy supports the nucleosynthetic processes adopted to describe the origin of the n-capture elements. © The Authors 2025.https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/03/aa52964-24/aa52964-24.htmlFunding text 1 Support for the author F.L. is provided by CONICYT- 118 PFCHA/Doctorado Nacional a\u00F1o 2020-folio 21200677. We gratefully acknowledge support from the French National Research Agency (ANR) funded project \"Pristine\" (ANR-18-CE31-0017). PB acknowledges support from the ERC advanced grant No. 835087 - SPIAKID. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www. cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/ consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This work was also partially supported by the European Union (ChETEC-INFRA, project no. 101008324) This research has used the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This publication makes use of VOSA, developed under the Spanish Virtual Observatory (https://svo. cab.inta-csic.es) project funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ through grant PID2020-112949GB-I00. VOSA has been partially updated by using funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under Grant Agreement no. 776403 (EXOPLANETS-A). GC acknowledges the grant PRIN project No. 2022X4TM3H 'Cosmic POT' from Ministero dell'Universit\u00E0 e della Ricerca (MUR). A.M. acknowledges support from the project \"LEGO-Reconstructing the building blocks of the Galaxy by chemical tagging\" (PI: A. Mucciarelli), granted by the Italian MUR through contract PRIN 2022LLP8TK-001.Funding text 2 Support for the author F.L. is provided by CONICYT- 118 PFCHA/Doctorado Nacional a\u00F1o 2020-folio 21200677. We gratefully acknowledge support from the French National Research Agency (ANR) funded project \u201CPristine\u201D (ANR-18-CE31-0017). PB acknowledges support from the ERC advanced grant No. 835087 \u2013 SPIAKID. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia ( https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia ), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium ). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This work was also partially supported by the European Union (ChETEC-INFRA, project no. 101008324) This research has used the SIM-BAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This publication makes use of VOSA, developed under the Spanish Virtual Observatory ( https://svo.cab.inta-csic.es ) project funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ through grant PID2020-112949GB-I00. VOSA has been partially updated by using funding from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under Grant Agreement no. 776403 (EXOPLANETS-A). GC acknowledges the grant PRIN project No. 2022X4TM3H \u2018Cosmic POT\u2019 from Ministero dell\u2019Universit\u00E0 e della Ricerca (MUR). A.M. acknowledges support from the project \u201CLEGO\u2013 Reconstructing the building blocks of the Galaxy by chemical tagging\u201D (PI: A. Mucciarelli), granted by the Italian MUR through contract PRIN 2022LLP8TK_001.S

A Systematic Review of Anatomical Variations of the Inferior Thyroid Artery: Clinical and Surgical Considerations

Indexación: Web of Science.Background/Objectives: The inferior thyroid artery (ITA) is an essential component of the thyroid gland's vasculature, with significant clinical and surgical implications due to its anatomical variability. This systematic review aimed to describe the prevalence of ITA anatomical variants and their association with clinical conditions or surgical implications. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Scopus, and EMBASE on 20 November 2025. Eligibility criteria included studies reporting on the presence of ITA variants and their correlation with pathologies. Two authors independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality using the AQUA and JBI tools. Results: Of the 2647 articles identified, 19 studies involving 1118 subjects/cadavers were included. Variations in ITA origin, absence, and additional arteries were reported, with the most common variant being direct origin from the subclavian artery. Clinically, these variations were associated with increased risk of intraoperative hemorrhage, potential nerve damage, and challenges in preoperative planning, particularly during thyroidectomy and other neck procedures. Conclusions: Understanding the anatomical diversity of the ITA is crucial for reducing surgical risks and improving patient outcomes. The review highlighted the need for more standardized research protocols and comprehensive data reporting to enhance the quality of evidence in this domain. Preoperative imaging and thorough anatomical assessments tailored to individual patient profiles, considering ethnic and gender-related differences, are essential for safe surgical interventions in the thyroid region.https://www-webofscience-com.recursosbiblioteca.unab.cl/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:00154990120000

A Multi-wavelength Characterization of the 2023 Outburst of MAXI J1807+132: Manifestations of Disk Instability and Jet Emission

Indexación: Web of Science.Several phenomenological aspects of low-luminosity neutron star transients, such as atolls, remain poorly understood. One such source, MAXI J1807+132, entered its latest outburst in 2023 July. To thoroughly characterize this outburst, we conducted an extensive observational campaign spanning radio to X-ray wavelengths. Here we present the results of this campaign, which covered the period from before the outburst to the return to quiescence. We detected a delay between the X-ray and optical rise times, which is consistent with the predictions of the disk instability model with a truncated disk. The color evolution and optical/X-ray correlations, along with infrared and radio detections, support the presence of jet synchrotron emission during the gradual decay phase following the peak. We also report for the first time in an X-ray binary a near-orthogonal rotation of the optical polarization just before a small flare, after which the jet is thought to be quenched. The main outburst is followed by several high-amplitude, rapid reflares in the optical, ultraviolet, and X-ray bands, the origin of which remains difficult to constrain.https://www-webofscience-com.recursosbiblioteca.unab.cl/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:00153349750000

[Uso de inteligencia artificial para predecir complicaciones en cirugías de columna toracolumbar degenerativa: revisión sistemática]

Indexación: Scopus.Objective: We aim to conduct a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence prediction models in predicting complications in adult patients undergoing surgery for degenerative thoracolumbar pathology compared with other commonly used prediction techniques. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in Medline/Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Lilacs/Portal de la BVS to identify machine learning models in predicting complications in patients undergoing surgery for degenerative thoracolumbar spine pathology between January 1, 2000, and May 1, 2023. The risk of bias was assessed using the PROBAST tool. Study characteristics and outcomes focusing on general or specific complications were recorded. Results: A total of 2,341 titles were identified (763 were duplicates). Screening was performed on 1,578 titles, and 22 were selected for full-text reading, with 18 exclusions and 4 publications selected for the subsequent review. Additionally, 8 publications were included from other sources (Argentine Association of Orthopedics and Traumatology Library; manual citation search). In 5 (41.6%) articles, the effectiveness of artificial intelligence predictive models was compared with conventional techniques. All were globally classified as having a very high risk of bias. Due to heterogeneity in samples, outcomes of interest, and algorithm evaluation metrics, a meta-analysis was not performed. Conclusion: Although the available evidence is limited and carries a high risk of bias, the studies analysed suggest that these models may achieve promising performance in predicting complications, with area under the curve values mostly ranging from acceptable to excellent. © 2025 SECOThttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888441525000360?pes=vor&utm_source=scopus&getft_integrator=scopusS

How the Orientation of BN Units Influences the Aromaticity of Some Iminobora-Benzenes

INDEXACION SCOPUSIn the current work, the impact of the orientation of the BN units in some proposed isomers of iminobora-benzene (B6C6N6H6) is analyzed. The analysis is oriented toward determining whether the orientation plays an important role in electronic delocalization (aromaticity). The alternation of the BN units generates several isomers, which were built arbitrarily and systematically with the main goal of measuring their respective electronic delocalization. For the analysis of aromaticity, multiple methodologies (AdNDP, AV1245, AVmin, ELF, LOL, MICD, and Bind) were employed, all of which produced consistent trends. Moreover, the alternation of the BN units affects not only electronic delocalization but also relative stability, with relative energy values of up to 85 kcal/mol observed among the isomers. Interestingly, the most aromatic isomer is the least stable isomer, while the most stable isomer is, with some methodologies, the least aromatic. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society