PRODUCCIÓN DE CONOCIMIENTO EN PSICOMETRÍA EN INSTITUCIONES DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR DE BOGOTÁ Y CHÍA / PRODUCTION OF KNOWLEDGE IN PSYCHOMETRICS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN BOGOTÁ AND CHÍA

The main goal of this research project is to describe the productionof knowledge in psychometrics and to identify aspectsthat make it possible to provide feedback for the developmentof training policies in this area. For this purpose, 7.259 thesesand research projects carried out by professors of psychologyin Bogotá and Chía between 1960 and 2009 were gathered, and241 of them, related to the field of measurement, were analyzedusing a grid designed for that purpose. Results showed an incipientyet growing interest in the area over the past two decades,as well as a need for further appropriation and assessmentof the existing models in test theory: classical theory and itemresponse theory. From the dual perspective of theoreticaland applied psychometrics, the study indicated the need tostrengthen the models domain, the criteria, and the evidenceproduction processes for the validity and reliability of constructedor evaluated tests. The study also showed the lack ofconsensus regarding the classification of psychometric studies

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Producción de conocimiento en psicometría en Instituciones de educación superior de Bogotá y Chía

The main goal of this research project is to describe the production of knowledge in psychometrics and to identify aspects that make it possible to provide feedback for the development of training policies in this area. For this purpose, 7.259 theses and research projects carried out by professors of psychology in Bogotá and Chía between 1960 and 2009 were gathered, and 241 of them, related to the field of measurement, were analyzed using a grid designed for that purpose. Results showed an incipient yet growing interest in the area over the past two decades, as well as a need for further appropriation and assessment of the existing models in test theory: classical theory and item response theory. From the dual perspective of theoretical and applied psychometrics, the study indicated the need to strengthen the models domain, the criteria, and the evidence production processes for the validity and reliability of constructed or evaluated tests. The study also showed the lack of consensus regarding the classification of psychometric studies.Esta investigación se propone describir la producción de conocimiento en psicometría e identificar aspectos que permitan retroalimentar las políticas de formación en el área. Para ello, se recolectaron tesis y trabajos de investigación de docentes de Psicología de Bogotá y Chía desde 1960 hasta el 2009. De un total de 7.259 trabajos, se revisaron con una rejilla diseñada 241 relacionados con el área de medición. Se identificó un incipiente pero creciente interés en el área en las dos últimas décadas, y la necesidad de profundizar en la apropiación y evaluación de los modelos vigentes en teoría de los test: teoría clásica y teoría de respuesta al ítem. Se señala, desde la doble perspectiva, teórica y aplicada, de la psicometría, la necesidad de fortalecer el dominio de los modelos, criterios y procedimientos de producción de evidencias de validez y confiabilidad de las pruebas construidas o evaluadas. Se resalta también la falta de consenso en relación con la clasificación de estudios en psicometría

Actitudes de peatones y conductores frente a la accidentalidad vial

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo describir las actitudes que presentan los peatones y conductores frente a la accidentalidad vial; para ello se realizó un estudio exploratorio de tipo descriptivo, para lo cual se diseñaron tres instrumentos validados psicométricamente: el primero para peatones con 28 ítems, el segundo destinado a conductores de vehículo privado con 22 ítems, y, por último, el tercero para conductores de servicio público con 28 ítems; la población del estudio 610 participantes se seleccionó por participación voluntaria, siendo estos de la localidad de Chapinero de la ciudad de Bogotá, por ser esta una de las más congestionadas a nivel de movilidad. Finalmente se hizo el análisis psicométrico para identificar la validez y confiabilidad de los instrumentos y así proceder a realizar el análisis descriptivo, donde se encontró que la mayoría de los participantes se ubican en el grado medio de actitud, lo que indica que manifiestan actitudes neutrales que reflejan en parte la incapacidad de las personas de asumir su propia responsabilidad de forma honesta frente al tema de la accidentalidad cuando se es peatón o conductor, y sugiere a su vez la necesidad de abordar el tema mediante otras estrategias que permitan dar mayor profundidad al tema, de forma que las personas contesten de forma menos reactiva. Palabras claves: Actitudes, Movilidad, Accidentalidad Vial, Peatones, Conductores, Transporte Privado, Transporte Público

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data