El significado psicológico de ciudadano , PRI y FOX

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue conocer el significado psicológico de "ciudadano" entre universitarios. Se trabajó con una muestra de 60 sujetos, distribuidos equitativamente por sexo. Las aplicaciones fueron grupales, utilizando la técnica de las redes semánticas naturales (Figueroa, González y Solís, 1981; Valdez, 1998). Los resultados obtenidos permiten observar de manera general que la tendencia de los grupos, al definir al ciudadano, fue con base en muchos elementos que giran en torno de él, pero que no necesariamente hablan de sus derechos y obligaciones. Por tanto, lo encontrado difiere de las propuestas idealistas de algunos autores, como el pensar que el ciudadano vive en sociedad buscando ayudarse los unos a los otros, lo cual, al parecer, sigue siendo una utopía

Sistema de aprendizaje en matemáticas

Apoyar al alumno para que analice y comprenda los problemas de matemáticas de una manera más sencilla y rápida mediante un software. Implementación de software de guía para el aprendizaje de matemáticas de educación media, que mediante un registro de usuarios se crea una cuenta para tener acceso a este mismo donde se guardará el progreso de todo el curso informando al alumno de sus estadísticas de aprendizaje. También que te permita llevar una prueba de conocimiento de un curso, una guía, ejercicios y para finalizar un examen que te evalúa todo el conocimiento aprendido en cada capítulo. Es muy importante ingresar bien tus datos ya que al momento de registrarte lo hará una vez sin modificación. Por ultimó este software esta guiado para que el alumno sea autodidacta, ya que los temas están explicados para que el alumno comprenda de una manera simple y sencilla su contenido, haciendo prueba de su conocimiento a través de dos exámenes, el de primera oportunidad y segunda oportunidad, este proyecto está ideado en un futuro que sea multiusuario y que se trabaje su base de datos en otro software más fiable para los datos

Yield and quality of hybrid tomato grafted and cultivated under shade mesh and greenhouse

The objective was to determine the yield, fruit quality and root development of four grafted tomato hybrids grown under anti-aphid mesh cover and greenhouse. The grafted hybrids were grown under shade mesh and greenhouse from april to november 2014. Variables evaluated were: fruit weight per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of fruits per plant, polar and equatorial fruit diameter, vitamin C and lycopene contents, and root fresh and dry weight. Hybrids grafted and cultivated under anti-aphid mesh had higher quality than the production obtained under greenhouse. However, lycopene and vitamin C contents and accumulated root system dry matter are greater under greenhous

Estructura de tallas de la almeja Psoronaias crocodilorum (Unionidae) en la Reserva de la Biosfera Pantanos de Centla, México

We assessed population parameters in two populations of mussels, Psoronaias crocodilorum, in the San Pedrito River and the Naranjos River in the Centla Wetlands Biosphere Reserve (CWBR), Mexico. Samples were collected in May 2008, and we determined their density and conducted a morphometric study. For each sample, we measured water depth, temperature, salinity, pH, organic matter and sand, silt and clay percentage. The San Pedrito river bank had a surface of 1200.12 m2 vs. 562.00 m2 in Los Naranjos. Shell length in San Pedrito was 21.26 76.16 mm vs. 22.20 83.30 in Los Naranjos; the most frequent length in both sites was 58.71 60.11 mm. Shell weight averaged 87.43% of the mussels total weight. MV in San Pedrito was 219.41 g/m2 and 81.75 g/m2 in Los Naranjos. Density in San Pedrito was 22.90 org/m2 and 10.50 org/m2 in Los Naranjos. Texture in sediment was loamy sand with 30.17% organic matter in San Pedrito, and 27.43% in Los Naranjos. Physicochemical parameters and the proportion of sand, silt and clay were similar in both sites. None of the mussel banks had biological, ecological or economic features for a fishery, especially due to their low abundance.En dos poblaciones del bivalvo Psoronaias crocodilorum localizados en los ríos San Pedrito y Los Naranjos, en la Reserva de la Biosfera Pantanos de Centla México (RBPC), se evaluaron algunos parámetros poblacionales. Las muestras se recolectaron en mayo del 2008, determinándose la densidad, y la estructura de talla, además de la profundidad, la temperatura, salinidad, pH, materia orgánica y porcentaje de arena, limo y arcilla. El área del banco en San Pedrito fue de 1200.13 m2 y de 562.00 m2 para Los Naranjos. La longitud de la concha para San Pedrito fue de 21.26 a 76.16 mm y de 22.20 a 83.30 mm para Los Naranjos, con una mayor frecuencia de talla entre 58.74 y 60.10 mm para las dos sitios. El peso de la concha representó el 87.43% en promedio del peso total de la almeja. La masa visceral (MV) en el banco de San Pedrito fue de 219.41 g/m2 y de 81.75 g/m2 para Los Naranjos. La densidad en San Pedrito fue de 22.90 org/m2 y de 10.50 org/m2 en Los Naranjos. La textura del sedimento fue migajón-arenoso con 30.17 % de materia orgánica para San Pedrito y de 27.43% para Los Naranjos. Los parámetros fisicoquímicos y la proporción de arena, limo y arcilla fueron similares en ambos sitios

NGF Causes TrkA to Specifically Attract Microtubules to Lipid Rafts

Membrane protein sorting is mediated by interactions between proteins and lipids. One mechanism that contributes to sorting involves patches of lipids, termed lipid rafts, which are different from their surroundings in lipid and protein composition. Although the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors, TrkA and p75NTR collaborate with each other at the plasma membrane to bind NGF, these two receptors are endocytosed separately and activate different cellular responses. We hypothesized that receptor localization in membrane rafts may play a role in endocytic sorting. TrkA and p75NTR both reside in detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs), yet they responded differently to a variety of conditions. The ganglioside, GM1, caused increased association of NGF, TrkA, and microtubules with DRMs, but a decrease in p75NTR. When microtubules were induced to polymerize and attach to DRMs by in vitro reactions, TrkA, but not p75NTR, was bound to microtubules in DRMs and in a detergent-resistant endosomal fraction. NGF enhanced the interaction between TrkA and microtubules in DRMs, yet tyrosine phosphorylated TrkA was entirely absent in DRMs under conditions where activated TrkA was detected in detergent-sensitive membranes and endosomes. These data indicate that TrkA and p75NTR partition into membrane rafts by different mechanisms, and that the fraction of TrkA that associates with DRMs is internalized but does not directly form signaling endosomes. Rather, by attracting microtubules to lipid rafts, TrkA may mediate other processes such as axon guidance

Precise measurement of the W-boson mass with the CDF II detector

We have measured the W-boson mass MW using data corresponding to 2.2/fb of integrated luminosity collected in proton-antiproton collisions at 1.96 TeV with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. Samples consisting of 470126 W->enu candidates and 624708 W->munu candidates yield the measurement MW = 80387 +- 12 (stat) +- 15 (syst) = 80387 +- 19 MeV. This is the most precise measurement of the W-boson mass to date and significantly exceeds the precision of all previous measurements combined

Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in pp collision events at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

The performance of muon reconstruction, identification, and triggering in CMS has been studied using 40 inverse picobarns of data collected in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the LHC in 2010. A few benchmark sets of selection criteria covering a wide range of physics analysis needs have been examined. For all considered selections, the efficiency to reconstruct and identify a muon with a transverse momentum pT larger than a few GeV is above 95% over the whole region of pseudorapidity covered by the CMS muon system, abs(eta) < 2.4, while the probability to misidentify a hadron as a muon is well below 1%. The efficiency to trigger on single muons with pT above a few GeV is higher than 90% over the full eta range, and typically substantially better. The overall momentum scale is measured to a precision of 0.2% with muons from Z decays. The transverse momentum resolution varies from 1% to 6% depending on pseudorapidity for muons with pT below 100 GeV and, using cosmic rays, it is shown to be better than 10% in the central region up to pT = 1 TeV. Observed distributions of all quantities are well reproduced by the Monte Carlo simulation.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in pp collision events at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

The performance of muon reconstruction, identification, and triggering in CMS has been studied using 40 inverse picobarns of data collected in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the LHC in 2010. A few benchmark sets of selection criteria covering a wide range of physics analysis needs have been examined. For all considered selections, the efficiency to reconstruct and identify a muon with a transverse momentum pT larger than a few GeV is above 95% over the whole region of pseudorapidity covered by the CMS muon system, abs(eta) < 2.4, while the probability to misidentify a hadron as a muon is well below 1%. The efficiency to trigger on single muons with pT above a few GeV is higher than 90% over the full eta range, and typically substantially better. The overall momentum scale is measured to a precision of 0.2% with muons from Z decays. The transverse momentum resolution varies from 1% to 6% depending on pseudorapidity for muons with pT below 100 GeV and, using cosmic rays, it is shown to be better than 10% in the central region up to pT = 1 TeV. Observed distributions of all quantities are well reproduced by the Monte Carlo simulation.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO