An overview of burst, buckling, durability and corrosion analysis of lightweight FRP composite pipes and their applicability

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.The main aim of this review article was to address the performance of filament wound fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composite pipes and their critical properties, such as burst, buckling, durability and corrosion. The importance of process parameters concerning merits and demerits of the manufacturing methods was discussed for the better-quality performance. Burst analysis revealed that the winding angle of ±55° was observed to be optimum with minimum failure mechanisms, such as matrix cracking, whitening, leakage and fracture. The reduction of buckling effect was reported in case of lower hoop stress value in the hoop to axial stress ratio against axial, compression and torsion. A significant improvement in energy absorption was observed in the hybrid composite pipes with the effect of thermal treatment. However, the varying winding angle in FRP pipe fabrication was reported as an influencing factor affecting all the aforementioned properties. Almost 90% of the reviewed studies was done using E-glass/epoxy materials for the composite pipe production. By overcoming associated limitations, such as replacing synthetic materials, designing new material combinations and cost-benefit analysis, the production cost of the lightweight FRP composite pipes can be decreased for the real-time applications.Peer reviewe

Management of 'double eyelid ectropion' using 5% hypertonic saline in an Indian newborn

Objective: This report describes a clinically rare case of congenital ectropion involving both upper lids in a one-day-old Indian newborn. We emphasize the importance of non-invasive conservative management with 5% hypertonic saline. Method: Observational case reportResult: A term newborn presented to us on day 1 with bilateral upper lid ectropion or 'double congenital ectropion' noted since birth following an uneventful vaginal delivery. Examination revealed severe chemosis and prolapse of upper palpebral conjunctiva bilaterally. The repeated attempts to manually revert the eyelids in position failed. Otherwise, the eyes were normal. We started to treat the baby with topical hypertonic saline (5% sodium chloride), topical antibiotic, and topical lubricant frequently. Eye pads soaked in 5% hypertonic saline were also used. Following five days of treatment, the chemosis and ectropion resolved completely without recurrence.Conclusion: We advocate non-invasive conservative management with 5% hypertonic saline soaked pads over the eyes along with topical antibiotic and lubricants. It should be the first line of treatment in all cases of congenital ectropion, before jumping to any aggressive invasive treatment like tarsorrhaphy, skin grafting etc., or unnecessary referral

Knowledge, attitude and practise regarding Mosquito borne diseases in urban and rural areas of Maval, Western Maharashtra

Background: Mosquito-borne diseases, have always been a serious health concern in South East Asian countries, particularly India. Maharashtra was reported as one of the highly endemic areas in India and recorded the second-highest number of deaths due to Dengue. The comprehensive management of mosquito-borne diseases hinges not solely on the efforts of health authorities but also on the community's understanding, mindset, and proactive approach in pursuing timely treatment. Aim & Objective: To assess and compare knowledge, attitude and practices of people residing in both the strata regarding Mosquito borne diseases. Methods and Material: A comparative analysis was undertaken in the Maval region, encompassing both rural and urban settings, through a cross-sectional study. Taluka. A sample size of 250 houses—125 houses in each stratum were surveyed. Data collection involved interviews with head of family or next available person. Statistical analysis used: Microsoft excel was used for chi quare and z value. Results: Awareness regarding Mosquito borne disease was 87.2% in urban population and 73.6% in rural population. Conclusions: There are gaps in understanding the timing of Mosquito bites and the identification of breeding sites. This underscores the need for improved knowledge and awareness, with focus on Mosquito control measures to effectively combat these diseases

Comparative study of functional outcome of displaced paediatric supracondylar humerus fracture fixed with two lateral or crossed percuteneous kirschner-wire after closed reduction

Introduction: Supracondylar humerus fractures (SCH) are more common in the pediatric population than in the adult population. Children often utilize an outstretched arm as a protective mechanism when falling, creating a high incidence of fractures about the elbow. Supracondylar fractures of the humerus account for up to 18% of pediatric fractures overall, and up to 60% of elbow fractures. The modified Gartland classification is often used to describe fracture patterns and guide treatment. These injuries can be significant due to the risks of neurological damage, vascular injury, and compartment syndrome. Inadequate reduction and fixation can also lead to malunion and deformity. Some patients who develop a malunion but may have a satisfactory function in the long-term. Case series: In this study, we had studied the correlation of supracondylar fracture fixation, 30 cases with cross k wire fixation and 30 cases with 2 lateral k wire fixation . Our study concluded that Cross and lateral k wire pin fixation of Supracondylar fracture humerus result in similar construct stability and functional outcome. Conclusion: Our study concluded that Cross and lateral k wire pin fixation of Supracondylar humerus fracture (SCH) result in similar stability and functional Range of motion. Although ulnar nerve injury was 3.33% more likely in the crossed K-wire group, the overall incidence of this complication and other complications was very low