Beurteilung der Ernährungssituation der in Wechselschicht mit Nachtschicht arbeitenden Mitarbeiter der voestalpine Stahl

Um die Ernährungssituation der in Wechselschicht mit Nachtarbeit arbeitenden Mitarbeiter der voestalpine Stahl GmbH zu beurteilen, wurde ein Fragebogen erstellt. Dieser erging an alle 3000 Mitarbeiter mit Nachtschicht. Die Teilnahme war anonym und freiwillig. Alle Berechnungen und Auswertungen basieren auf den Eigenangaben der Probanden, es wurden keine zusätzlichen Messungen durchgeführt. Die Rücklaufquote von 27,5 % wird in diesem Zusammenhang als hoch erachtet. Die Auswertung der Daten erfolgte mit dem Statistikprogramm SPSS 12.0. Die Klassifizierung des Körpergewichts mittels Body Mass Index zeigte, dass beinahe 70 % der Befragten als übergewichtig beziehungsweise adipös einzustufen sind und somit weit über dem österreichischen Durchschnitt liegen. Die Mahlzeitenhäufigkeit ist insbesondere während der Nachtschicht als zu gering einzustufen. Im Zusammenhang dazu steht bei über 30 % der Befragten Zeitmangel, um Mahlzeiten in Ruhe einzunehmen. Nachtmahlzeiten werden selten warm aufgenommen. Die Flüssigkeitszufuhr kann als ausreichend beurteilt werden, während der Verzehr von Obst, Gemüse und Getreideprodukten unterdurchschnittlich und den Empfehlungen nicht entsprechend ist. Die Verzehrhäufigkeit von Fleisch und Wurst ist als überhöht anzusehen. Nur 28 % geben an, mit dem schichtspezifischen Risikofaktor Schlafstörung keine Probleme zu haben. Der Anteil der Raucher ist aufgrund einer betriebsinternen Kampagne mit 38 % als gering einzuschätzen. Körperliche Aktivitäten (Sport) werden vernachlässigt. Im Vergleich zu bisherigen Untersuchungen und Empfehlungen ist das Ernährungsverhalten der Schichtarbeiter der voestalpine Stahl GmbH als verbesserungswürdig einzustufen. Gegenmaßnahmen werden dringend empfohlen, da es im gegenwärtigen Zustand zur Anhäufung von Risikofaktoren kommen kann, welche den Gesundheitsstatus sowie die Arbeitssicherheit gefährden könnten. Die auf Basis des Ist-Zustandes ausgearbeiteten Empfehlungen zur Kompensation beziehungsweise Vorbeugung möglicher Defizite werden in ein langfristiges innerbetriebliches Schulungskonzept aufgenommen, wo die Kernaussagen dieser Arbeit nachhaltig umgesetzt werden.The assessment of the nutritional situation of the night shift working staff of voestalpine Stahl GmbH was carried out by a tailor-made survey. The questionnaire was forwarded to all night shift working employees (3000 subjects). The participation was anonymous and voluntary. All calculations and evaluations based on self-declaration of subjects and there were no additional measurements included. The response rate of 27.5% is regarded as a good result. The analysis of the data was carried out with the statistical program SPSS 12.0. The classification of body weight using body mass index showed that almost 70% of the respondents were classified overweight or obese, respectively, and thus far above the Austrian average. The meal frequency is low rated in particular during the night shift. Additionally more than 30% of the respondents report lack of time in order to take meals at rest. The intake of hot meal during nightshift is considered to be unusual. The hydration can be estimated as sufficient, while the consumption of fruit, vegetables and cereal products is below the average value and do not accord to recommendations. The food consumption frequency of meat and sausage is considered to be dramatically increased. Only 28 % of the probands are not affected by sleep disorder as a shift specific risk factor. Due to an internal campaign the percentage of smokers is low at a rate of 38 %. Physical activities (sports) are neglected. Compared to previous studies and recommendations the diet of the shift workers of voestalpine Stahl GmbH is assessed to be improved. Counteractive measures are strongly recommended as an accumulation of risk factors in the current state may result in degradation of health status and occupational safety. Based on the actual state recommendations for compensation or prevention of possible deficiency, respectively, are included within a long-term training concept, where the key messages from this work are sustainably implemented

The MuSe 2022 Multimodal Sentiment Analysis Challenge: Humor, Emotional Reactions, and Stress

The Multimodal Sentiment Analysis Challenge (MuSe) 2022 is dedicated to multimodal sentiment and emotion recognition. For this year's challenge, we feature three datasets: (i) the Passau Spontaneous Football Coach Humor (Passau-SFCH) dataset that contains audio-visual recordings of German football coaches, labelled for the presence of humour; (ii) the Hume-Reaction dataset in which reactions of individuals to emotional stimuli have been annotated with respect to seven emotional expression intensities, and (iii) the Ulm-Trier Social Stress Test (Ulm-TSST) dataset comprising of audio-visual data labelled with continuous emotion values (arousal and valence) of people in stressful dispositions. Using the introduced datasets, MuSe 2022 2022 addresses three contemporary affective computing problems: in the Humor Detection Sub-Challenge (MuSe-Humor), spontaneous humour has to be recognised; in the Emotional Reactions Sub-Challenge (MuSe-Reaction), seven fine-grained `in-the-wild' emotions have to be predicted; and in the Emotional Stress Sub-Challenge (MuSe-Stress), a continuous prediction of stressed emotion values is featured. The challenge is designed to attract different research communities, encouraging a fusion of their disciplines. Mainly, MuSe 2022 targets the communities of audio-visual emotion recognition, health informatics, and symbolic sentiment analysis. This baseline paper describes the datasets as well as the feature sets extracted from them. A recurrent neural network with LSTM cells is used to set competitive baseline results on the test partitions for each sub-challenge. We report an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of .8480 for MuSe-Humor; .2801 mean (from 7-classes) Pearson's Correlations Coefficient for MuSe-Reaction, as well as .4931 Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) and .4761 for valence and arousal in MuSe-Stress, respectively.Comment: Preliminary baseline paper for the 3rd Multimodal Sentiment Analysis Challenge (MuSe) 2022, a full-day workshop at ACM Multimedia 202

Politik, Journalismus, Medien. Kompetenzen von Kindern im Vor- und Grundschulalter (PoJoMeC)

Ab wann entwickeln Kinder konkrete Vorstellungen von Politik und welche Rolle spielen dabei Kinderinformations- und Unterhaltungsmedien? Wann werden z. B. Nachrichtensendungen von Kindern bewusst wahrgenommen? Ab wann wird Kindern der Zusammenhang von Politik und Massenmedien bewusst? Diese Fragen stehen im Zentrum des Forschungsprojekts PoJoMeC, das die Autor*innen in ihrem Beitrag vorstellen. Durch die Erhebung der kindlichen Konzept- und Einstellungsentwicklung wollen die Autor*innen dabei nicht nur Erkenntnisse über die politische und medienbezogene Partizipation von Kindern gewinnen. Die Ergebnisse sollen gleichzeitig auch einen Beitrag zur Qualitätssteigerung der Ausbildung künftiger Lehrkräfte und Journalist*innen leisten. (DIPF/Orig.)The article introduces the interdisciplinary research and development project PoJoMeC (= Politics, Journalism, Media – Competences of Preschool and Elementary School Children) funded by the Federal Agency for Civic Education (Germany). Among others, this longitudinal study seeks to explore the characteristics and development of ideas children at the age of 4 to 9 years have about politics, journalism and media (use). While research in the field of political didactic already focuses on young children, this is not the case in journalistic research yet. Furthermore, little knowledge exists on the influence of media and media use on the democratic socialization or the political understanding of preschool children. Based on our findings, we want to draw conclusions for pedagogical measures regarding political and civic education. (DIPF/Orig.

Moderate levels of oxygenation during the late stage of Earth's Great Oxidation Event

FOO and RS acknowledge financial support from the University of Tübingen and the German Research Foundation (DFG Grant SCHO1071/11-1). FOO and MBA are thankful for support from the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grant NE/V004824/1). The stable isotope facilities at IDYST were funded by the University of Lausanne. SK, YA and MIV-R acknowledge European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant 636808 (O2RIGIN). AH and FOO acknowledge support from National Research Foundation of South Africa (NRF Grant 75892). SK also acknowledges the Ramon y Cajal contract (RYC2020-030014-I). Participation by AB was supported by Discovery and Accelerator Grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and ACS PF grant (624840ND2). EES acknowledges funding from a NERC Frontiers grant (NE/V010824/1). SWP acknowledges support from a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. MIV-R additionally acknowledges funding support from the German Research Foundation (DFG Grant VA 1568/1-1).The later stages of Earth's transition to a permanently oxygenated atmosphere during the Great Oxidation Event (GOE; ∼2.43–2.06 Ga) is commonly linked with the suggestion of an “oxygen overshoot” during the ∼2.22–2.06 Ga Lomagundi Event (LE), which represents Earth's most pronounced and longest-lived positive carbon isotope excursion. However, the magnitude and extent of atmosphere-ocean oxygenation and implications for the biosphere during this critical period in Earth's history remain poorly constrained. Here, we present nitrogen (N), selenium (Se), and carbon (C) isotope data, as well as bio-essential element concentrations, for Paleoproterozoic marine shales deposited during the LE. The data provide evidence for a highly productive and well-oxygenated photic zone, with both inner and outer-shelf marine environments characterized by nitrate- and Se oxyanion-replete conditions. However, the redoxcline subsequently encroached back onto the inner shelf during global-scale deoxygenation of the atmosphere-ocean system at the end of the LE, leading to locally enhanced water column denitrification and quantitative reduction of selenium oxyanions. We propose that nitrate-replete conditions associated with fully oxygenated continental shelf settings were a common feature during the LE, but nitrification was not sufficiently widespread for the aerobic nitrogen cycle to impact the isotopic composition of the global ocean N inventory. Placed in the context of Earth's broader oxygenation history, our findings indicate that O2 levels in the atmosphere-ocean system were likely much lower than modern concentrations. Early Paleoproterozoic biogeochemical cycles were thus far less advanced than after Neoproterozoic oxygenation.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Analyzing the regulation of metabolic pathways in human breast cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Tumor therapy mainly attacks the metabolism to interfere the tumor's anabolism and signaling of proliferative second messengers. However, the metabolic demands of different cancers are very heterogeneous and depend on their origin of tissue, age, gender and other clinical parameters. We investigated tumor specific regulation in the metabolism of breast cancer.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>For this, we mapped gene expression data from microarrays onto the corresponding enzymes and their metabolic reaction network. We used Haar Wavelet transforms on optimally arranged grid representations of metabolic pathways as a pattern recognition method to detect orchestrated regulation of neighboring enzymes in the network. Significant combined expression patterns were used to select metabolic pathways showing shifted regulation of the aggressive tumors.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Besides up-regulation for energy production and nucleotide anabolism, we found an interesting cellular switch in the interplay of biosynthesis of steroids and bile acids. The biosynthesis of steroids was up-regulated for estrogen synthesis which is needed for proliferative signaling in breast cancer. In turn, the decomposition of steroid precursors was blocked by down-regulation of the bile acid pathway.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We applied an intelligent pattern recognition method for analyzing the regulation of metabolism and elucidated substantial regulation of human breast cancer at the interplay of cholesterol biosynthesis and bile acid metabolism pointing to specific breast cancer treatment.</p

Association of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Depression Polygenic Scores with Lithium Response: A Consortium for Lithium Genetics Study

Response to lithium varies widely between individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) can uncover pharmacogenomics effects and may help predict drug response. Patients (N = 2,510) with BD were assessed for long-term lithium response in the Consortium on Lithium Genetics using the Retrospective Criteria of Long-Term Treatment Response in Research Subjects with Bipolar Disorder score. PRSs for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia (SCZ) were computed using lassosum and in a model including all three PRSs and other covariates, and the PRS of ADHD (β = −0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.24 to −0.03; p value = 0.010) and MDD (β = −0.16; 95% CI: −0.27 to −0.04; p value = 0.005) predicted worse quantitative lithium response. A higher SCZ PRS was associated with higher rates of medication nonadherence (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.34–1.93; p value = 2e−7). This study indicates that genetic risk for ADHD and depression may influence lithium treatment response. Interestingly, a higher SCZ PRS was associated with poor adherence, which can negatively impact treatment response. Incorporating genetic risk of ADHD, depression, and SCZ in combination with clinical risk may lead to better clinical care for patients with BD

Association of polygenic score for major depression with response to lithium in patients with bipolar disorder

Lithium is a first-line medication for bipolar disorder (BD), but only one in three patients respond optimally to the drug. Since evidence shows a strong clinical and genetic overlap between depression and bipolar disorder, we investigated whether a polygenic susceptibility to major depression is associated with response to lithium treatment in patients with BD. Weighted polygenic scores (PGSs) were computed for major depression (MD) at different GWAS p value thresholds using genetic data obtained from 2586 bipolar patients who received lithium treatment and took part in the Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLi+Gen) study. Summary statistics from genome-wide association studies in MD (135,458 cases and 344,901 controls) from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) were used for PGS weighting. Response to lithium treatment was defined by continuous scores and categorical outcome (responders versus non-responders) using measurements on the Alda scale. Associations between PGSs of MD and lithium treatment response were assessed using a linear and binary logistic regression modeling for the continuous and categorical outcomes, respectively. The analysis was performed for the entire cohort, and for European and Asian sub-samples. The PGSs for MD were significantly associated with lithium treatment response in multi-ethnic, European or Asian populations, at various p value thresholds. Bipolar patients with a low polygenic load for MD were more likely to respond well to lithium, compared to those patients with high polygenic load [lowest vs highest PGS quartiles, multi-ethnic sample: OR = 1.54 (95% CI: 1.18–2.01) and European sample: OR = 1.75 (95% CI: 1.30–2.36)]. While our analysis in the Asian sample found equivalent effect size in the same direction: OR = 1.71 (95% CI: 0.61–4.90), this was not statistically significant. Using PGS decile comparison, we found a similar trend of association between a high genetic loading for MD and lower response to lithium. Our findings underscore the genetic contribution to lithium response in BD and support the emerging concept of a lithium-responsive biotype in BD

Variations in seasonal solar insolation are associated with a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder

Background: Bipolar disorder is associated with circadian disruption and a high risk of suicidal behavior. In a previous exploratory study of patients with bipolar I disorder, we found that a history of suicide attempts was associated with differences between winter and summer levels of solar insolation. The purpose of this study was to confirm this finding using international data from 42% more collection sites and 25% more countries. Methods: Data analyzed were from 71 prior and new collection sites in 40 countries at a wide range of latitudes. The analysis included 4876 patients with bipolar I disorder, 45% more data than previously analyzed. Of the patients, 1496 (30.7%) had a history of suicide attempt. Solar insolation data, the amount of the sun’s electromagnetic energy striking the surface of the earth, was obtained for each onset location (479 locations in 64 countries). Results: This analysis confirmed the results of the exploratory study with the same best model and slightly better statistical significance. There was a significant inverse association between a history of suicide attempts and the ratio of mean winter insolation to mean summer insolation (mean winter insolation/mean summer insolation). This ratio is largest near the equator which has little change in solar insolation over the year, and smallest near the poles where the winter insolation is very small compared to the summer insolation. Other variables in the model associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts were a history of alcohol or substance abuse, female gender, and younger birth cohort. The winter/summer insolation ratio was also replaced with the ratio of minimum mean monthly insolation to the maximum mean monthly insolation to accommodate insolation patterns in the tropics, and nearly identical results were found. All estimated coefficients were significant at p &lt; 0.01. Conclusion: A large change in solar insolation, both between winter and summer and between the minimum and maximum monthly values, may increase the risk of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder. With frequent circadian rhythm dysfunction and suicidal behavior in bipolar disorder, greater understanding of the optimal roles of daylight and electric lighting in circadian entrainment is needed

The blood-brain barrier is dysregulated in COVID-19 and serves as a CNS entry route for SARS-CoV-2.

Neurological complications are common in COVID-19. Although SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in patients' brain tissues, its entry routes and resulting consequences are not well understood. Here, we show a pronounced upregulation of interferon signaling pathways of the neurovascular unit in fatal COVID-19. By investigating the susceptibility of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived brain capillary endothelial-like cells (BCECs) to SARS-CoV-2 infection, we found that BCECs were infected and recapitulated transcriptional changes detected in vivo. While BCECs were not compromised in their paracellular tightness, we found SARS-CoV-2 in the basolateral compartment in transwell assays after apical infection, suggesting active replication and transcellular transport of virus across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vitro. Moreover, entry of SARS-CoV-2 into BCECs could be reduced by anti-spike-, anti-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-, and anti-neuropilin-1 (NRP1)-specific antibodies or the transmembrane protease serine subtype 2 (TMPRSS2) inhibitor nafamostat. Together, our data provide strong support for SARS-CoV-2 brain entry across the BBB resulting in increased interferon signaling

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis