ON SOME FEATURES OF THE STATE CONTROL (SUPERVISION) IMPLEMENTATION IN THE FIELD OF FOOD PRODUCTS SAFETY AND QUALITY PROVISION

Purpose: The present article deals with the search for effective solutions to the modern problems of organizing state and municipal control (supervision) in the Russian Federation. Methodology: The presented paper is based on data formulated in doctrinal and legislative sources of Russia and foreign countries. The methodological basis of this study consists of the methods of analysis, synthesis, and comparative law. Result: The article examines the features of the control measures concerning business entities engaged in the implementation and production of food. It suggests possible ways of improving the procedure for conducting inspections. One of these ways, in the authors’ judgment, is the introduction of an additional tool that strengthens the evidence base and deters unscrupulous business entities to escape from punishment. The authors substantiate the conclusion that a key factor in the success of control and supervisory activities at the international level is to increase the orientation of the control bodies towards the achievement of the final socially significant results. Stouffer, K., & Falco, J. (2006) Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model On Some Features of the State control (Supervision) Implementation in the Field of Food Products Safety and Quality Provision is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Systematic corruption threats of the national priority projects implementation in russia

The author of the article considers threats to financial safety of economy of the Russian Federation, in particular to implementation of national projects, namely corruption. Corruption still significantly complicates normal functioning of public mechanisms, interferes with carrying out of social transformations and modernization of the economy. The formation of the shadow political market, including lobbying and corruption became the negative trend, which should be noted while considering the feedback influence of the shadow economy exerted on the state and political power. Personnel corruption forms one chain, which is based on the relationship between the two persons- one having the right of appointment to a position or to influence the elections outcome, and the other one- interested in getting the position. It is important to create systemic conditions limiting the possibility of commission of crimes of such category

Численное преобразование Гильберта для кристаллоподобных структур

Розглянуто особливості чисельного перетворення Гільберта для характеристик кристалоподібних структур. Запропоновано відповідний алгоритм.The features of numeral Hilbert transform for crystal-like structures are considered. Algorithm taking into account these features is offered.Рассмотрены особенности численного преобразования Гильберта для характеристик кристаллоподобных структур. Предложен алгоритм, учитывающий эти особенности

Nucleotide composition of the DNA of Listeria (Russian)

The nucleotide composition of the DNA of various L. monocytogenes and L. grayi strains was studied by means of paper cromatography. The GC content of the bases varied from 38.6 to 43.6 mol%. The minor bases (5 methylcytosine and N6 mathyladenine) were not detected. Strain differences in respect of the DNA composition were found in L. monocytogenes cultures belonging both to one and to various serologic types. Similarly to the DNA of other bacteria, DNA of Listeria possessed a low degree of pyrimidine blocking. As regards the distribution of pyrimidine blocks of various length, the DNA of Listeria differed from the DNA of Arthrobacter citreus. The data on the nucleotide composition and the character of pyrimidine distribution in the DNA of Listeria pointed to a marked difference between Listeria and other Corynebacteriaceae

Electron transport and optical properties of shallow GaAs/InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells with a thin central AlAs barrier

Shallow GaAs/InGaAs/GaAs quantum well structures with and without a three monolayer thick AlAs central barrier have been investigated for different well widths and Si doping levels. The transport parameters are determined by resistivity measurements in the temperature range 4-300 K and magnetotransport in magnetic fields up to 12 T. The (subband) carrier concentrations and mobilities are extracted from the Hall data and Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations. We find that the transport parameters are strongly affected by the insertion of the AlAs central barrier. Photoluminescence spectra, measured at 77 K, show an increase of the transition energies upon insertion of the barrier. The transport and optical data are analyzed with help of self-consistent calculations of the subband structure and envelope wave functions. Insertion of the AlAs central barrier changes the spatial distribution of the electron wave functions and leads to the formation of hybrid states, i.e. states which extend over the InGaAs and the delta-doped layer quantum wells.Comment: 14 pages, pdf fil

The aspects of minimally invasive surgery of forefoot static deformities

The review illustrates various approaches to the potential of minimally invasive surgery in forefoot static deformities treatment. We demonstrated that methods aimed at the performance of nonlocking wedge osteotomy of first metatarsal bone and of proximal phalanx of big toe with preservation of cortex wedge contralateral to the base as well as of central metatarsal, extending tenotomies of flexors without tendon suture are the base for minimally invasive correction of forefoot static deformities providing orthopedically correct orientation of metatarsal heads under the early full postoperative load on the foot and preventing excessive dislocation of tendon ends.</p

The attitude of health workers to vaccination at the present stage

Aim. Evaluation of the awareness of health workers of vaccine prevention at the present stage. Methods. To achieve the aim, survey of health workers of the Republic of Tatarstan was conducted using the developed questionnaire. The coverage of survey was 3 250 people. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using Microsoft Excel 2010 programs. Results. The conducted study revealed that a significant proportion (95 %) of health workers were positive about vaccine prevention, were vaccinated themselves and vaccinated their children. The most prevalent forms of informing parents of vaccinated children about adverse reactions after vaccination are oral recommendations by the doctor and information sheets about adverse reactions. The majority of interviewed health workers (89.9 %) support the initiative to cancel the right of citizens to refuse vaccination. In the opinion of health workers, the main components of successful organization of vaccine prevention in the medical organization are availability and diversity of vaccines, the level of qualification of medical personnel, and equipment of the vaccination room. Less than half of health workers were trained in specialized training on immunoprevention. The majority of health workers (86.3 %) consider it necessary to expand the national schedule of preventive vaccinations of the Russian Federation. Conclusion. Organizational measures to inform health workers in various areas of vaccine prevention are needed to be taken; promising directions are organizing specialized courses on immunoprevention and discussion of relevant aspects of immunization of the population and adverse reactions in post-vaccination period

Sustained proliferation in cancer: mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets

Proliferation is an important part of cancer development and progression. This is manifest by altered expression and/or activity of cell cycle related proteins. Constitutive activation of many signal transduction pathways also stimulates cell growth. Early steps in tumor development are associated with a fibrogenic response and the development of a hypoxic environment which favors the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells. Part of the survival strategy of cancer stem cells may manifested by alterations in cell metabolism. Once tumors appear, growth and metastasis may be supported by overproduction of appropriate hormones (in hormonally dependent cancers), by promoting angiogenesis, by undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition, by triggering autophagy, and by taking cues from surrounding stromal cells. A number of natural compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, indole-3-carbinol, brassinin, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein, ellagitannins, lycopene and quercetin) have been found to inhibit one or more pathways that contribute to proliferation (e.g., hypoxia inducible factor 1, nuclear factor kappa B, phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, Wnt, cell cycle associated proteins, as well as androgen and estrogen receptor signaling). These data, in combination with bioinformatics analyses, will be very important for identifying signaling pathways and molecular targets that may provide early diagnostic markers and/or critical targets for the development of new drugs or drug combinations that block tumor formation and progression

Effects of estrogens and bladder inflammation on mitogen-activated protein kinases in lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia from adult female rats

BACKGROUND: Interstitial cystitis is a chronic condition associated with bladder inflammation and, like a number of other chronic pain states, symptoms associated with interstitial cystitis are more common in females and fluctuate during the menstrual cycle. The aim of this study was to determine if estrogens could directly modulate signalling pathways within bladder sensory neurons, such as extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. These signalling pathways have been implicated in neuronal plasticity underlying development of inflammatory somatic pain but have not been as extensively investigated in visceral nociceptors. We have focused on lumbosacral dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons projecting to pelvic viscera (L1, L2, L6, S1) of adult female Sprague-Dawley rats and performed both in vitro and in vivo manipulations to compare the effects of short- and long-term changes in estrogen levels on MAPK expression and activation. We have also investigated if prolonged estrogen deprivation influences the effects of lower urinary tract inflammation on MAPK signalling. RESULTS: In studies of isolated DRG neurons in short-term (overnight) culture, we found that estradiol and estrogen receptor (ER) agonists rapidly stimulated ER-dependent p38 phosphorylation relative to total p38. Examination of DRGs following chronic estrogen deprivation in vivo (ovariectomy) showed a parallel increase in total and phosphorylated p38 (relative to beta-tubulin). We also observed an increase in ERK1 phosphorylation (relative to total ERK1), but no change in ERK1 expression (relative to beta-tubulin). We observed no change in ERK2 expression or phosphorylation. Although ovariectomy increased the level of phosphorylated ERK1 (vs. total ERK1), cyclophosphamide-induced lower urinary tract inflammation did not cause a net increase of either ERK1 or ERK2, or their phosphorylation. Inflammation did, however, cause an increase in p38 protein levels, relative to beta-tubulin. Prior ovariectomy did not alter the response to inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide new insights into the complex effects of estrogens on bladder nociceptor signalling. The diversity of estrogen actions in these ganglia raises the possibility of developing new ways to modulate their function in pelvic hyperactivity or pain states