132 research outputs found
EVIDĂNCIAS DE INFLAMAĂĂO DAS VIAS AĂREAS RESPIRATĂRIAS INFERIORES, EM POTROS PSI SAUDĂVEIS, ANTES DO INĂCIO DOS TREINAMENTOS
ObstruçÔes do trato respiratĂłrio inferiorapresentam grande impacto no potencial atlĂ©tico decavalos de corrida. Doença InflamatĂłria das ViasAĂ©reas (DIVA) constitui achado comum em cavalosde corrida jovens. Esse estudo testou a hipĂłtesede que a inflamação do trato respiratĂłrio inferiorpoderia iniciar ainda na vida no haras. Sete diferentesharas foram visitados, e 119 potros sobreanoforam investigados. As vias aĂ©reas inferiores foramavaliadas atravĂ©s de exame clĂnico e endoscĂłpico,e citologia do aspirado traqueal. Entre os potrosconsiderados clinicamente saudĂĄveis, 90,76% evidenciarammuco traqueo-bronquial e os perfis citolĂłgicosevidenciaram reação inflamatĂłria presente.A presente investigação confirma a presença deinflamação pulmonar em potros PSI antes do inĂciodo treinamento, representando um risco potencial Ă capacidade atlĂ©tica futura.Lower respiratory airway obstruction has a major impact in racehorse athletic potential. Inflammatory Airway Disease (IAD) is a common finding in young racehorses. This study tested the hypothesis that lower airway inflammation could initiate in farm life. Seven different breeding farms were visited, and 119 yearlings were investigated. Lower airways were evaluated by clinical examination, endoscopy and cytology of the tracheal aspirate. From those yearlings considered clinically healthy, 90,76% evidenced tracheobronchial mucus and some showing cytological profile of inflammatory reaction. Then, the present investigation confirms the occurrence of inflammatory condition of the lower respiratory airways in thoroughbred yearlings before training has commenced, representing a potential risk for the future athletic performance in young racehorses
EXAME GASTROSCĂPICO APĂS ADMINISTRAĂĂO ORAL DE ANTI-INFLAMATĂRIOS NĂO ESTEROIDAIS EM CĂES
O objetivo deste estudo foi o de avaliar os efeitos gĂĄstricos decorrentes da
administração oral do carprofeno e vedaprofeno em cães. Para isso, 21 cães foram divididos
aleatoriamente em 3 grupos (n=7). O Grupo I, recebeu a dose terapĂȘutica de 2,2 mg/kg de
carprofeno oral; o Grupo II recebeu vedaprofeno via oral, na dose terapĂȘutica de 0,5 mg/kg,
e ao Grupo III foi administrado placebo via oral, com intervalos entre doses de 12 em 12
horas, durante 30 dias consecutivos. Os cĂŁes foram submetidos a endoscopia gĂĄstrica antes
da administração dos medicamentos, 10 e 30 dias apĂłs o inĂcio do tratamento. Foram
avaliados, diariamente, quanto Ă s alteraçÔes de comportamento e exames fĂsicos. Concluise
que o carprofeno e o vedaprofeno, podem ser administrados via oral, em dose
terapĂȘutica, durante o perĂodo de 30 dias consecutivos, causando mĂnimas alteraçÔes
gĂĄstricas em cĂŁes.
Gastroscopic examination after oral administration of non steroids antiinflammatory
in dogs
Abstract
An evaluation of the gastric side effects caused by the administration of
carpofren and vedaprofen to dogs has been carried out in the present research work. A total
of 21 dogs were randomized in 3 groups (n = 7). To Group I carprofen was administered
orally at a dose of 2.2mg/kg. To Group II, vedaprofen was administered orally at a dose
of 0.5 mg/kg. Group III received a placebo orally. In all three groups, the administration of
both the drugs and the placebo took place twice a day, at each 12 hours interval, for a
period of 30 days. The animals were then observed for behavioral changes and submitted
to physical exams dayly. Following these observations, it was possible to conclude that
capofren and vedaprofen could be adminitered orally to dogs, at therapeutic dose rates, for
30 consecutive days, without clinical evidence of side effects in the gastric tract
LAMINITE EM PORCAS DESCARTADAS PROVENIENTES DE GRANJAS COMERCIAIS DE SUĂNOS DO SUL DO BRASIL
Although laminitis has been reported in pigs, distal phalanx rotation detected by radiography has not been described yet in this species. Accordingly, this paper describes three cases of laminitis in sows from a Brazilian commercial swine unit, and a preliminary study on laminitis in culled sows from a slaughterhouse, based on radiographic evaluation. A farrow-to-finish unit located in a central swine production area in southern Brazil showed a history of locomotor alterations in sows. Three lame sows were selected for examination. They displayed typical clinical signs of laminitis. Their feet were radiographed, and all three showed distal phalanx deviation in at least one digit. In order to find out the possibility of laminitis occurrence in other farms, thirteen hind and five front feet from lame sows were collected in a slaughterhouse, and radiographed in lateromedial position. Eleven sows (61%) showed distal phalanx rotation of the third or the fourth digit, whereas eight of them (44%) showed this alteration in both digits. Osteolysis in five sows (28%) and periosteal proliferation in another four sows (11%) were observed. In conclusion, laminitis with distal phalanx rotation is present in Brazilian herds, and radiographic analysis may be an important diagnosis tool for the disease in vivo or at slaughterhouses.Embora a laminite tenha sido relatada em suĂnos, a rotação de falange distal detectada por radiografia ainda nĂŁo foi descrita nessa espĂ©cie. O presente trabalho descreve trĂȘs casos de laminite em porcas provenientes de uma granja comercial de suĂnos bem como relata um estudo preliminar sobre laminite em porcas de descarte em abatedouro, baseado em avaliaçÔes radiogrĂĄficas. Uma granja de ciclo completo localizada em uma ĂĄrea de exploração suinĂcola do sul do Brasil mostrou histĂłrico de alteraçÔes locomotoras em porcas. TrĂȘs porcas com claudicação foram selecionadas para exame. Elas apresentavam sinais clĂnicos tĂpicos de laminite. Seus membros foram radiografados e todas apresentaram rotação de falange distal em pelo menos um dĂgito. Para verificar a presença de laminite em outros rebanhos da regiĂŁo, treze membros pĂ©lvico e cinco membros torĂĄcicos de matrizes suĂnas foram colhidos em um abatedouro e radiografados em posição latero-medial. Onze porcas (61%) mostraram rotação de falange distal no terceiro ou no quarto dĂgito, enquanto oito delas (44%) mostraram essa alteração em ambos os dĂgitos. Foram observadas osteĂłlises em cinco (28%) porcas e proliferação periosteal em quatro porcas (11%). Em conclusĂŁo, a laminite estĂĄ presente em rebanhos suĂnos brasileiros, e a anĂĄlise radiogrĂĄfica constitui-se em uma importante ferramenta para o diagnĂłstico da doença in vivo ou em abatedouros
Detecção de anticorpos contra o vĂrus da arterite eqĂŒina (EVAV) e herpes vĂrus eqĂŒino tipo 1 (EHV-1) em cavalos de carroceiros de Curitiba e RegiĂŁo Metropolitana, ParanĂĄ, Brazil
Approximately 1,500 cart horses with low access to veterinary assistance and their owners traffic daily through Curitiba and surroundings to collect recycling material, including paper, metal, plastic and glass. Viral diseases transmitted by aerosol are ofimportance in equine medicine of exposed populations which share the common airspace. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of antibodies against equine viral arteritis virus (EVAV) and equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) incart horses of Curitiba and surroundings. A total of 97 samples were collected from crossbred cart horses, 51 males and 46 females, with average age of 15.3 years (from 4 months to 22 years) from April 2005 to June 2006, from Curitiba and SĂŁo JosĂ© dos Pinhais, Southern Brazil. All 97 samples tested were negative for EVAV. However, one horse from Curitiba (1/25) and four fromSĂŁo JosĂ© dos Pinhais (4/72) were found positive for EHV-1, performing a total of five horses (4.1%). These results demonstrated lower rates of EVAV and EHV-1 when compared to other studies in purebred horse populations or horses used for other purposes. In conclusion, despite cart horses undergo daily traffic in urban areas with low access to veterinary assistance,they seem less exposed to the infection risk of equine viral arteritis virus and equine herpesvirus type 1 when compared to horses utilized for sports, exposition and reproduction.Aproximadamente 1.500 cavalos de carroceiros com baixo acesso Ă assistĂȘncia veterinĂĄria e seus proprietĂĄrios trafegam diariamente pela RegiĂŁo Metropolitana de Curitiba para coleta de materialreciclĂĄvel, incluindo papel, metal, plĂĄstico e vidro. Doenças virais transmitidas por aerossol sĂŁo de importĂąncia na medicina eqĂŒina de populaçÔes expostas que compartilham o mesmo ambiente. O propĂłsito deste estudo foi de avaliar a ocorrĂȘncia de anticorposcontra o vĂrus da arterite eqĂŒina (EVAV) e o herpes vĂrus eqĂŒino tipo 1 (EHV-1) em cavalos de carroceiros de Curitiba e RegiĂŁo Metropolitana. Um total de 97 amostras de sangue foram coletadas de cavalos de carroceiros sem raça definida sendo 51 machos e 46 fĂȘmeas, mĂ©dia de 15,3 anos de idade de abril de 2005 a junho de 2006 em Curitiba e SĂŁo JosĂ© dos Pinhais. Todas as 97 amostras testadas foram negativas para EVAV. Entretanto, um cavalo de Curitiba (1/25) e quatro de SĂŁo JosĂ© dos Pinhais (4/72) foram positivos para EHV-1, com total de cinco cavalos (4.1%). Os resultados demonstraram taxas mais baixas de EVAV e EHV-1 quando comparados com outros estudos em cavalospuros ou para outros propĂłsitos. Em conclusĂŁo, apesar dos cavalos de carroceiros realizarem trĂĄfego diĂĄrio em centros urbanos e terem pouco acesso Ă assistĂȘncia veterinĂĄria, estes parecem estar menos expostos ao risco de infecção por EVAV e EHV-1 quando comparados com cavalos utilizados para esportes,exposiçÔes e reprodução
Mechanistic insights into a hydrate contribution to the Paleocene-Eocene carbon cycle perturbation from coupled thermohydraulic simulations
During the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), the carbon isotopic signature (ÎŽ13C) of surface carbon-bearing phases decreased abruptly by at least 2.5 to 3.0â°. This carbon isotope excursion (CIE) has been attributed to widespread methane hydrate dissociation in response to rapid ocean warming. We ran a thermohydraulic modeling code to simulate hydrate dissociation due to ocean warming for various PETM scenarios. Our results show that hydrate dissociation in response to such warming can be rapid but suggest that methane release to the ocean is modest and delayed by hundreds to thousands of years after the onset of dissociation, limiting the potential for positive feedback from emission-induced warming. In all of our simulations at least half of the dissociated hydrate methane remains beneath the seabed, suggesting that the pre-PETM hydrate inventory needed to account for all of the CIE is at least double that required for isotopic mass balance
On the Origin and Trigger of the Notothenioid Adaptive Radiation
Adaptive radiation is usually triggered by ecological opportunity, arising
through (i) the colonization of a new habitat by its
progenitor; (ii) the extinction of competitors; or
(iii) the emergence of an evolutionary key innovation in
the ancestral lineage. Support for the key innovation hypothesis is scarce,
however, even in textbook examples of adaptive radiation. Antifreeze
glycoproteins (AFGPs) have been proposed as putative key innovation for the
adaptive radiation of notothenioid fishes in the ice-cold waters of Antarctica.
A crucial prerequisite for this assumption is the concurrence of the
notothenioid radiation with the onset of Antarctic sea ice conditions. Here, we
use a fossil-calibrated multi-marker phylogeny of nothothenioid and related
acanthomorph fishes to date AFGP emergence and the notothenioid radiation. All
time-constraints are cross-validated to assess their reliability resulting in
six powerful calibration points. We find that the notothenioid radiation began
near the Oligocene-Miocene transition, which coincides with the increasing
presence of Antarctic sea ice. Divergence dates of notothenioids are thus
consistent with the key innovation hypothesis of AFGP. Early notothenioid
divergences are furthermore congruent with vicariant speciation and the breakup
of Gondwana
The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment
The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in
operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from
this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release
Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first
two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14
is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all
data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14
is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation
Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the
Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2),
including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine
learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes
from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous
release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of
the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the
important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both
targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS
website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to
data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is
planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be
followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14
happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov
2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections
only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected
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