72 research outputs found
A Comparative Analysis on the Innate Immune Responses of <i>Cirrhinus mrigala</i> Challenged with <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2023
- Field of study
Microbes are the most significant ubiquitous pathogens that cause serious infections in freshwater fish, leading to tremendous economic losses. The present study was designed to investigate the extent of changes in cytokine expression, hemato-biochemical parameters, and tissue histology of Cirrhinus mrigala (C. mrigala) challenged with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum). Fish were divided into three major groups: control, P. aeruginosa-challenged, and F. oxysporum-challenged. The infection in both challenge assays was allowed to progress until 7 days post infection. Upregulated expression of TNF-α and IL-1β was found in blood, gills, livers, and kidneys of the challenged fish. Significant differences were noted in hematological parameters of challenged fish. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline aminotransferase levels also showed significant differences in infected and control groups. An increase in serum albumin and globulin and a decrease in total protein were noted in infected groups as compared to the control group. Severe histological alterations were noted in gill, liver, and kidney tissues of the infected groups as compared to control. The order of histological alteration index for P. aeruginosa challenge was liver > kidney > gills, and for F. oxysporum challenge it was kidney > liver > gills. These changes in fish infected by P. aeruginosa and F. oxysporum can be used as an effective and subtle index to monitor the physiological and pathological conditions of fish
Human Stressors Are Driving Coastal Benthic Long-Lived Sessile Fan Mussel Pinna nobilis Population Structure More than Environmental Stressors.
- Author
- AJ Butler
- B Luna
- C Alomar
- CA Richardson
- CF Boudouresque
- D Zavodnik
- Elvira Álvarez
- G Procaccini
- I Hendriks
- IE Hendriks
- J Claudet
- J Claudet
- JH Brown
- JR García-March
- L Basso
- L Rabaoui
- M Cabanellas-Reboredo
- M Milazzo
- M Vázquez-Luis
- M Vázquez-Luis
- M Waycott
- Maite Vázquez-Luis
- MJ Anderson
- N Marbà
- N Vicente
- P Addis
- P Balaguer
- P Legendre
- P Prado
- PW Schultz
- Roberto Pronzato
- S Coppa
- S Fraschetti
- S Katsanevakis
- S Katsanevakis
- S Lemer
- S. Coppa
- Salud Deudero
- Publication venue
- 'Public Library of Science (PLoS)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2015
- Field of study
Coastal degradation and habitat disruption are severely compromising sessile marine species. The fan shell Pinna nobilis is an endemic, vulnerable species and the largest bivalve in the Mediterranean basin. In spite of species legal protection, fan shell populations are declining. Models analyzed the contributions of environmental (mean depth, wave height, maximum wave height, period of waves with high energy and mean direction of wave source) versus human-derived stressors (anchoring, protection status, sewage effluents, fishing activity and diving) as explanatory variables depicting Pinna nobilis populations at a mesoscale level. Human stressors were explaining most of the variability in density spatial distribution of fan shell, significantly disturbing benthic communities. Habitat protection affected P. nobilis structure and physical aggression by anchoring reveals a high impact on densities. Environmental variables instead played a secondary role, indicating that global change processes are not so relevant in coastal benthic communities as human-derived impacts.Versión del editor4,411
The impact of “early” versus “late” initiation of renal replacement therapy in critical care patients with acute kidney injury: a systematic review and evidence synthesis
- Author
- A Ahlström
- A Combes
- A Liberati
- A Manche
- A Stang
- Benjamin T. Wierstra
- C Karvellas
- CC Lim
- CC Shiao
- CC Shiao
- CS Bouman
- D Payen
- DA Zygun
- DE Carl
- EA Hoste
- Glen W. Barrisford
- GR Chon
- H Iyem
- H Tian
- HP Shum
- HS Vats
- I Durmaz
- J Sabater
- J Suzuki
- JB Lundy
- JL Vincent
- KD Liu
- L Andrade
- LG Gettings
- M Jun
- MM Elahi
- MM Elseviers
- N Boussekey
- OM Smith
- P Serpytis
- PF Salisbury
- Q Ji
- R Wald
- R Wald
- Raymond L. C. Kao
- S Gaudry
- S Gaudry
- S Sugahara
- S Uchino
- Sameer Kadri
- SD Barbar
- SM Bagshaw
- SM Bagshaw
- Soha Alomar
- ST Vaara
- TE Jamale
- U Demirkiliç
- V Pettilä
- VC Wu
- VF Seabra
- X Perez
- Ximena Burbano
- YH Chou
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis
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- Aahlin E. K.
- Aamer A.
- Aaniana K.
- Ababneh A.
- Abaliksta T.
- Abantanga F.
- Abbas M.
- Abbasy J.
- Abbo O.
- Abbouch M.
- Abd-Elmawla M.
- Abd-Elrasoul Y.
- Abdallah E.
- Abdel-Aty A.
- Abdel-Hameed N.
- Abdel-Kader S. M.
- Abdel-Wahab N. Y. E.
- Abdelaal A.
- Abdelaty M.
- Abdelazeam A. R.
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- AbdelFattah I.
- Abdelgelil A.
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- Abdelhamed R.
- Abdelhamid A.
- Abdelhaq A.
- Abdelkader M.
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- Abdelkareem A.
- Abdelkhalek M.
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- Abdelmotaleb I.
- Abdelraheim M.
- Abdelraouf A. M.
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- Publication venue
- Oxford University Press
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Background: There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low-and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods: Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results: Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US 92492millionusingapproach1and73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was 95004millionusingapproach1and75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion: For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially
Laparoscopy in management of appendicitis in high-, middle-, and low-income countries: a multicenter, prospective, cohort study.
- Author
- Abantanga F
- Abbas M
- Abbo O
- Abd El Galeel A
- Abd El Hameed OS
- Abd El Hamid N
- Abd El Salam Y
- Abd El Slam M
- Abd El-Salam F
- Abd Elrasoul Y
- Abd-Elrasoul Y
- Abdallah E
- Abdel-Wahab NYE
- AbdelFattah I
- Abdelgelil A
- Abdelghany S
- Abdelkader M
- Abdelkareem A
- Abdelraheim M
- Abdelshafy M
- Abdulgawad M
- Abdullah AAN
- Abdullah NAN
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- Iqbal FM
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- Lakhani SM
- Lakshmi HN
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- Macfarlane A
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- Mclean AL
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- Mcnish D
- Mcphee A
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- Mendoza I
- Menegussi J
- Menshawy A
- Mentula P
- Mercado Rodriguez L-A
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- Meshref A
- Messa Aguilar WL
- Metwally MM
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- Mijuskovic B
- Mikalauskas S
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- Mironescu AS
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- Mistry A
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- Musa AEK
- Mustafa M
- Mustafa M-A
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- Nada F
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- Nair H
- Napolitano L
- Naqvi SA
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- Naranjo Aristizabal FA
- Narvestad JK
- Nashaat A
- Nasher O
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- Nawara C
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- Neo YN
- Neophytou C
- Nepogodiev D
- Nesaratnam A
- Newton T
- Ng S
- Ngayu N
- Ngwa TE
- Nighat B
- Nigo S
- Nikoloudis N
- Niragire A
- Niyirera E
- Nnajiuba H
- Nocito A
- Nofal E
- Normile C
- North AS
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- Nsengimana VJP
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- O'neill S
- Obute RD
- Odeyemi B
- Oefner D
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- Palkhi EYA
- Palliyil MM
- Palma AF
- Palomino Castillo VD
- Paludi MA
- Panait N
- Panieri E
- Parakh J
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- Parent V
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- Pata D
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- Pereira B
- Perez Velasquez CI
- Periasammy D
- Peycelon M
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- Pezelj N
- Phillips N
- Pimenta ML
- Pino W
- Pinto Vianna JG
- Pitt SK
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- Popoola A
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- Regalado F
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- Restrepo J
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- Samaraweera DI
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- Skardziukaite A
- Skehan J
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- Soeselo DA
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- Taha EMS
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- Taiwo O
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- Tan CY
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- Ubhi HK
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- Upchurch E
- Urbanavicius L
- Urbina Rojas NM
- Urbonas T
- Urniezius Z
- Usaityte A
- Utter M
- Valente Laufer LA
- Van Duren B
- Varcada M
- Varkalys K
- Vartic M
- Vella-Baldacchino M
- Venskutonis D
- Venugopal C
- Vergara Celis JM
- Veronese E
- Vida LC
- Villa R
- Vimalachandran D
- Vincent J
- Vivekanantham S
- Vlachogiorgos A
- Wagener M
- Waleed H
- Walsh U
- Ward AE
- Ward S
- Warda M
- Warren O
- Warwick AM
- Watson NFS
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- Weber B
- Weber P
- Weinstein MS
- Wheeler J
- Whewell H
- White T
- Wild JRL
- Williams E
- Williams G
- Williams O
- Williamson A
- Wilson A
- Wilson MSJ
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- Winstanley J
- Witherspoon P
- Wogensen F
- Woin E
- Wold TB
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- Wredberg C
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- Xerri T
- Yallop L
- Yaseen T
- Yaseen TM
- Yavuz MA
- Yee J
- Yeo LS
- Yeung ENW
- Yong CO
- Youssef D
- Youssef H
- Youssif JH
- Zachariades D-C
- Zakir M
- Zalabia MF
- Zamarin K
- Zani A
- Zanini N
- Zapata Ponze De Leon M
- Zapata Ponze De Leon M
- Zardab A
- Zegarra S
- Zeidan S
- Zelada Alvarez II
- Zerihun AB
- Zhang Z
- Zheng F
- Zidan H
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- Zil-E-Ali A
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskiene R
- Zimmermann EF
- Zuber M
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2018
- Field of study
BACKGROUND: Appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. Differences between high- and low-income settings in the availability of laparoscopic appendectomy, alternative management choices, and outcomes are poorly described. The aim was to identify variation in surgical management and outcomes of appendicitis within low-, middle-, and high-Human Development Index (HDI) countries worldwide. METHODS: This is a multicenter, international prospective cohort study. Consecutive sampling of patients undergoing emergency appendectomy over 6 months was conducted. Follow-up lasted 30 days. RESULTS: 4546 patients from 52 countries underwent appendectomy (2499 high-, 1540 middle-, and 507 low-HDI groups). Surgical site infection (SSI) rates were higher in low-HDI (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.33-4.99, p = 0.005) but not middle-HDI countries (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.76-2.52, p = 0.291), compared with high-HDI countries after adjustment. A laparoscopic approach was common in high-HDI countries (1693/2499, 67.7%), but infrequent in low-HDI (41/507, 8.1%) and middle-HDI (132/1540, 8.6%) groups. After accounting for case-mix, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.71, p < 0.001) and SSIs (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14-0.33, p < 0.001). In propensity-score matched groups within low-/middle-HDI countries, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.23 95% CI 0.11-0.44) and SSI (OR 0.21 95% CI 0.09-0.45). CONCLUSION: A laparoscopic approach is associated with better outcomes and availability appears to differ by country HDI. Despite the profound clinical, operational, and financial barriers to its widespread introduction, laparoscopy could significantly improve outcomes for patients in low-resource environments. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02179112
CropPol: a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination
- Author
- Albrecht Matthias
- Allen-Perkins Alfonso
- Alomar David
- Andersson Georg K. S.
- Ariza Daniel
- Arthur Anthony D.
- Artz Derek R.
- Aström Jens
- Averill Anne L.
- Badano Ernesto I.
- Badenhausser Isabelle
- Bartomeus Ignasi
- Benjamin Faye E.
- Bezerra Antônio Diego M.
- Bianchi Felix J. J. A.
- Biddinger David J.
- Blanche Rosalind
- Blechschmidt Leah
- Blochtein Betina
- Bloom Elias H.
- Bobiwash Kyle
- Bommarco Riccardo
- Boreux Virginie
- Boyle Natalie K.
- Bretagnolle Vincent
- Brittain Claire
- Brokaw Julia
- Burns Katherine L. W.
- Campbell Joshua W.
- Cariveau Daniel P.
- Carvalheiro Luísa G.
- Castro Helena
- Castro Sílvia
- Cavigliasso Pablo
- Chacoff Natacha
- Chan D. Susan Willis
- Classen Alice
- Colville Jonathan F.
- Coutinho Jeferson
- Crowder David W.
- Cunningham Saul A.
- Cusser Sarah J.
- da Silva e Silva Felipe D.
- da Silva Fabiana Oliveira
- Daily Gretchen C.
- Dainese Matteo
- Dalsgaard Bo
- Danforth Bryan
- Daniels Jaret
- de Groot Gerard Arjen
- de Oliveira Rosana Halinski
- Diekötter Tim
- Dupont Yoko L.
- Eeraerts Maxime
- Ehrlich Paul R.
- Ekroos Johan
- Elle Elizabeth
- Ellis James D.
- Entling Martin H.
- Fijen Thijs
- Fleischer Shelby J.
- Freitas Breno M.
- Gagic Vesna
- García Daniel
- García Fermín José Chamorro
- Garibaldi Lucas A.
- Garratt Michael P. D.
- Gaspar Hugo
- Ghazoul Jaboury
- Gibbs Jason
- Gikungu Mary W.
- Gillespie Robert L.
- González José A.
- González-Estévez Miguel A.
- Grab Heather
- Gundersen Knute B.
- Gut Larry
- Hansen Katrine
- Henry Steve
- Herrera José M.
- Herzog Felix
- Hevia Violeta
- Hipólito Juliana
- Hoffman George
- Horgan Finbarr G.
- Howlett Brad
- Isaacs Rufus
- Jauker Frank
- Jeanneret Philippe
- Jha Shalene
- Joshi Neelendra K.
- Kleijn David
- Klein Alexandra-Maria
- Knapp Jessica
- Kremen Claire
- Krishnan Smitha
- Leclercq Nicolas
- Li Jin
- Lichtenberg Elinor M.
- Lindstrom Sandra A. M.
- Loeb Gregory M.
- Loureiro João
- Lundin Ola
- Lázaro Amparo
- Magrach Ainhoa
- Mallinger Rachel E.
- Mandelik Yael
- Marks Evan A. N.
- Mason Keith
- Mauchline Alice L.
- Mayfield Margaret M.
- McGrady Carley M.
- Meeus Ivan
- Michener Charles D.
- Miñarro Marcos
- Montero-Castaño Ana
- Mota Lucie
- Nabaes Jodar Diego N.
- Nault Brian A.
- Nauss Thomas
- Nesper Maike
- Nicholson Charlie C.
- Nilsson Lovisa
- Nunes-Silva Patrícia
- O'Reilly Alison D.
- Oeller Elisabeth
- Ortega-Marcos Jorge J.
- Osborne Juliet L.
- Otieno Mark
- Park Mia
- Parra Guiomar Nates
- Petersen Jessica D.
- Peterson Stephen S.
- Pigozo Camila Magalhães
- Pisanty Gideon
- Pisman Matti
- Pitts-Singer Theresa L.
- Potts Simon G.
- Rad Carlos
- Rader Romina
- Raine Nigel E.
- Ramos Davi L.
- Rao Sujaya
- Reilly James R.
- Ricketts Taylor H.
- Robson Andrew
- Rothwell Nikki
- Rowe Logan M.
- Rundlöf Maj
- Saez Agustin
- Scheper Jeroen
- Schwarzbach Franziska
- Schüepp Christof
- Sciligo Amber R.
- Shaw Rosalind F.
- Sidhu C. Sheena
- Simmons Benno I.
- Smagghe Guy
- Smith Henrik G.
- Sritongchuay Tuanjit
- Stanley Dara A.
- Steffan-Dewenter Ingolf
- Stewart Rebecca I. A.
- Stout Jane
- Sutter Louis
- Szentgyorgyi Hajnalka
- Taki Hisatomo
- Trillo Alejandro
- Tscharntke Teja
- Veldtman Ruan
- Vereecken Nicolas J.
- Vergara Carlos H.
- Viana Blandina Felipe
- Vilà Montserrat
- Vogiatzakis Ioannis N.
- Ward Kimiora L.
- Weekers Timothy
- Wilby Andrew
- Willcox Bryony
- Williams Neal M.
- Wilson Julianna K.
- Winfree Rachael
- Wolters Volkmar
- Woodcock Ben A.
- Woyciechowski Michał
- Zaragoza-Trello Carlos
- Zou Yi
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions. Here, we present CropPol, a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination. It contains measurements recorded from 202 crop studies, covering 3,394 field observations, 2,552 yield measurements (i.e. berry weight, number of fruits and kg per hectare, among others), and 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops distributed around the globe. CropPol comprises 32 of the 87 leading global crops and commodities that are pollinator dependent. Malus domestica is the most represented crop (32 studies), followed by Brassica napus (22 studies), Vaccinium corymbosum (13 studies), and Citrullus lanatus (12 studies). The most abundant pollinator guilds recorded are honey bees (34.22% counts), bumblebees (19.19%), flies other than Syrphidae and Bombyliidae (13.18%), other wild bees (13.13%), beetles (10.97%), Syrphidae (4.87%), and Bombyliidae (0.05%). Locations comprise 34 countries distributed among Europe (76 studies), Northern America (60), Latin America and the Caribbean (29), Asia (20), Oceania (10), and Africa (7). Sampling spans three decades and is concentrated on 2001-05 (21 studies), 2006-10 (40), 2011-15 (88), and 2016-20 (50). This is the most comprehensive open global data set on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators and pollination to date, and we encourage researchers to add more datasets to this database in the future. This data set is released for non-commercial use only. Credits should be given to this paper (i.e., proper citation), and the products generated with this database should be shared under the same license terms (CC BY-NC-SA). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Pooled analysis of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy
- Author
- Aahlin EK
- Aamer A
- Aaniana K
- Ababneh A
- Abaliksta T
- Abantanga F
- Abantanga F
- Abbas A
- Abbas M
- Abbasy J
- Abbo O
- Abbo O
- Abbott T
- Abbouch M
- Abd El Galeel A
- Abd El Hameed OS
- Abd El Hamid N
- Abd El Salam Y
- Abd El Slam M
- Abd El-Salam F
- Abd Elrasoul Y
- Abd-Elmawla M
- Abd-Elrasoul Y
- Abdallah E
- Abdallah E
- Abdel-Aty A
- Abdel-Hameed N
- Abdel-Kader SM
- Abdel-Wahab NYE
- Abdelaal A
- Abdelaty M
- Abdelazeam AR
- Abdelazim G
- Abdelaziz MA
- Abdelbadeai K
- Abdelfatah A
- AbdelFattah I
- Abdelgelil A
- Abdelghany S
- Abdelhady S
- Abdelhamed R
- Abdelhamid A
- Abdelhaq A
- Abdelkader M
- Abdelkader M
- Abdelkader O
- Abdelkareem A
- Abdelkhalek M
- Abdelmageed E
- Abdelmotaleb I
- Abdelraheim M
- Abdelraouf AM
- Abdelrouf DM
- Abdelshafy M
- Abdelshakour M
- Abdrabou AK
- Abdul-Latif S
- Abdulaziz H
- Abdulaziz M
- Abdulbagi O
- Abdulgawad M
- Abdulhakeem EM
- Abdullah AAN
- Abdullah MA
- Abdullah N
- Abdullah NAN
- Abdullah NAN
- Abdullahi L
- Abdurrazzaaq A
- Abebe NS
- Abebe NS
- Abem OE
- Aber A
- Abington E
- Abiola O
- Aboarab A
- Aboelella M
- Aboelmagd O
- Aboelsoud MR
- Aboraya M
- Aboraya M
- Abouelnasr A
- Aboul-Naga MS
- Abouzahra A
- Abouzaid A
- Abozaid M
- Abozeid K
- Abozyed MAF
- Abu Qumbos A
- Abu-toyour M
- Abubakr M
- Abudeeb H
- Abuowda Y
- Abuqwaider E
- Abusalem L
- Abuseif M
- Abushamleh S
- Acharya P
- Ackom E
- Acquah E
- Adam A
- Adam N
- Adams R
- Adamu A
- Adawi I
- Adawi M
- Adebanjo A
- Adebanjo A
- Adebola O
- Adedeji A
- Adekoya A
- Adel A
- Adel A
- Adel BE
- Adel I
- Adella FJ
- Adelshone A
- Ademuyiwa A
- Ademuyiwa A
- Ademuyiwa AO
- Ademuyiwa AO
- Ademuyiwa AO
- Ademuyiwa AO
- Adenekan B
- Adeniran J
- Adeniran J
- Adeniyi A
- Adeniyi A
- Adesanya O
- Adesanya O
- Adesina A
- Adesina A
- Adesuyi A
- Adeyeye A
- Adeyeye A
- Adeyeye A
- Adham W
- Adhitama N
- Adil M
- Adisa AO
- Adisa AO
- Adu-Aryee N
- Afana S
- Afandy A
- Afifi AM
- Afzal M
- Agalianos C
- Agalianos C
- Agarwal A
- Agarwal A
- Agarwal A
- Agbedinu K
- Agius M
- Aglan A
- Aguado Suarez N
- Aguilar-Jimenez J
- Aguilera M
- Aguilera ML
- Aguilera ML
- Aguilera ML
- Aguilera O
- Aguilera-Arevalo M-L
- Ahlonsou G
- Ahlqvist S
- Ahlqvist S
- Ahlqvist S
- Ahmed A
- Ahmed A
- Ahmed A
- Ahmed EA
- Ahmed H
- Ahmed H
- Ahmed H
- Ahmed LAM
- Ahmed S
- Ahmed S
- Ahmed SM
- Ahounou EYS
- Aigrain Y
- Aiyaman C
- Ajah J
- Ajai O
- Ajao A
- Ajao AE
- Ajiboye A
- Akatibo E
- Akeel N
- Akhtar M
- Akoto E
- Akpenyi O
- Al Amin S
- Al Attar SM
- Al Awwad S
- Al Barrawi FE
- Al Bastawis F
- Al Meligy A
- Al Rafati AAR
- Al Raouf EA
- Al Saied G
- Al Subaie N
- Al-Aarag AA-R
- Al-Azraqi IAA
- Al-Bahrani A
- Al-Buhaisi A
- Al-Dakka E
- Al-Faifi JJ
- Al-faqawi M
- Al-farram H
- Al-Hameedi HII
- Al-Hasani RKMJ
- Al-khatib A
- Al-Mallah A
- Al-Marakby D
- Al-Mousa M
- Al-Nahrawi S
- Al-Obaedi O
- Al-saqqa S
- Al-Saqqa SW
- Al-Saqqa SW
- Al-shammari A
- Al-Slaibi I
- Al-taher T
- Alaael-Dein S
- Alada M
- Alahmady O
- Alakaloko F
- Alakaloko F
- Alaloul E
- Alamin S
- Alamoudi M
- Alamoudi U
- Albeladi B
- Albiety A
- Alcca Ticona W
- Aldalaq A
- Aldhafeeri S
- Aledrisy M
- Alejos Bermudez YE
- Alexander P
- Alexander P
- Alexander P
- Alexandre C
- Alfarsi MA
- Alghamdi A
- Alghamdi B
- Alghamdi M
- Alghamdi MSA
- Algohary O
- Alhabli I
- Alhady K
- Alhammali T
- Alhassan B
- Alhazmi W
- Alhendy M
- Alherz M
- Ali A
- Ali A
- Ali A
- Ali CDM
- Ali E
- Ali FM
- Ali H
- Ali S
- Ali SAWEW
- Ali SS
- Ali THA
- Ali W
- Alihonou T
- Alimi Q
- Alis H
- Aliyu H
- Aliyu M
- Aliyu S
- Aljboor K
- Aljiffry M
- Aljiffry M
- Aljohani E
- Aljohani E
- Aljohani S
- Alkaaki A
- Alkammash A
- Alkelani M
- Alkhabbaz D
- Alkhouri M
- Allam M
- Allam M
- Allam Y
- Allegri A
- Allegri A
- Allen JLY
- Allott R
- Almallah A
- Almoflihi A
- Almuallem S
- Almy J
- Alnaby MH
- Alnawam E
- Alnuqaydan SA
- Alnusairat A
- Alomar IN
- Alqahtani E
- Alqahtani S
- Alrahawy M
- Alrajraji M
- Alrifaie A
- AlRowais M
- Alsaggaf M
- Alsaggaf MU
- Alsaggaf MU
- Alser OH
- Alshareef R
- Altaf A
- Altaf A
- Altamimi A
- Altamimi A
- Altamimi A
- Altamimi A
- Altamini A
- Altarayra M
- Althwainy A
- Altibi A
- Altinel Y
- Altinel Y
- Altoe F
- Altwigry AM
- Altwijri A
- Alvarado Jaramillo R
- Alvarez Barreda LM
- Alvi AR
- Alwafai MG
- Aly AK
- Aly MYM
- Alyacoubi S
- Alyahya R
- Alyami R
- Alyami R
- AlYoussef I
- Alzahrani A
- Alzahrani M
- Alzahrani M
- Alzayat T
- Aman NF
- Amandito R
- Amandito R
- Amandito R
- Amandito R
- Ambrona-Zafra D
- Ambrozeviciute V
- Ameen M
- Amer MA
- Amin HAA
- Amin J
- Amin J
- Amjad M
- Ammar M
- Ammar MS
- Amoah M
- Amoako J
- Amoako PT
- Amoako-Boateng M
- Amole I
- Amreia M
- Amreia M
- Anandkumar D
- Anderson D
- Anderson F
- Anderson R
- Anderson-Knight H
- Andersson L
- Andika FFA
- Andreotti D
- Andres Garcia-Marin J
- Andress C
- Andriola V
- Ang YL
- Angelieri D
- Anis E
- Ansaloni L
- Ansaloni L
- Ansaloni L
- Ansaloni L
- Ansaloni L
- Antar S
- Antezana D
- Anthoulakis C
- Anthoulakis C
- Antoniozzi A
- Anwar AW
- Anwar N
- Anwer W
- Anyanwu L-J
- Anyanwu L-J
- Aonzo P
- Appeadu-Mensah W
- Appiah EK
- Aql S
- Aquilino F
- Arachchi PP
- Arachchige LAJJ
- Arafa O
- Arafa S
- Arango MCM
- Arango MCM
- Aranzabal Durand SY
- Araujo R
- Arcudi C
- Ardley R
- Arenas A
- Arevalo Azmitia JR
- Arias Pacheco RD
- Arman S
- Arman S
- Armando ChunguiBravo J
- Armellini A
- Arnaud A
- Arnaud AP
- Arnaud AP
- Arnaud AP
- Arroyo Basto CA
- Arshad MM
- Arslan E
- Arsyad HM
- Arthur T
- Arulampalam T
- Aruldas N
- Asal M
- Asar YH
- Asare-Bediako K
- Asele FA
- Ashour A
- Ashour A
- Ashour K
- Ashraf SF
- Ashtari M
- Ashton A
- Asi F
- Asilah SMD
- Assal A
- Assouto PA
- Asturia S
- Asumah H
- Ata A
- Ata AAA
- Ata AY
- Atiyeh A
- Atkins ET
- Atkinson K
- Atobatele K
- Attallah NA
- Attard M
- Attia A
- Attia AM
- Augestad KM
- Aung KP
- Austraite A
- Aviles S
- Avoka A
- Awad I
- Awad SA
- Awadallah S
- Awuku-Asabre J
- Ayad S
- Ayandipo O
- Ayandipo OO
- Aydin MC
- Ayyar S
- Aziz DNA
- Aziz MRA
- Aziz NA
- Azizeldine MG
- Azmitia Mendizabal CA
- Azodo IA
- Azzie G
- Azzie G
- Azzis O
- Baba S
- Bachri H
- Badawy M
- Badenjki MA
- Badicel M
- Badr A
- Badr MFM
- Badwi NM
- Badwi NM
- Badwy A
- Bahar S
- Baheeg M
- Bailey K
- Baillie K
- Baillie K
- Baird A
- Bakhaidar M
- Baki BE
- Bakr A
- Bakry HM
- Bala M
- Balalis D
- Baldacchino M
- Balducci G
- Balila RMH
- Balkan AZA
- Ballouhey Q
- Balmaceda R
- Balmaceda R
- Balmaceda R
- Balogun F
- Baltrunas R
- Baluch F
- Bamford R
- Bamicha A
- Bamicha A
- Banaitis VJ
- Bandi A
- Bandoh D
- Bani-Sadar A
- Banipal GS
- Baraka H
- Barakat SAE
- Barendegere V
- Barker T
- Barkolias C
- Barmayehvar B
- Barnabas GN
- Barnacle J
- Barneo L
- Barrionuevo Ojeda RR
- Barrios E
- Barrios E
- Barros De Castro Segundo LC
- Barroso de Lima CV
- Barry J
- Basilico S
- Basir ERM
- Bassem M
- Bassit KA
- Basso SMM
- Basson S
- Batt J
- Bayram S
- Beamon M
- Beasley W
- Beaton C
- Bedada AG
- Bediako-Bowan A
- Behar N
- Beisa V
- Beisa V
- Bekhet AH
- Bekhet NM
- Beleno AEM
- Belkouchi A
- Belli A
- Bello B
- Benammi S
- Benevento A
- Benevento A
- Benger M
- Bennai RM
- Benons N
- Bentounsi Z
- Benyaiche C
- Berti S
- Bertuello I
- Beuran M
- Beuran M
- Beyene R
- Bezerra Morais PA
- Bezzina M
- Bhang A
- Bhangu A
- Bhangu A
- Bhargava A
- Bharj IS
- Bhat S
- Bhatnagar A
- Bhattacharya S
- Bhopal KF
- Bhopal KF
- Bianco F
- Bigaran A
- Billy M
- Bin Adnan A
- Bin Hasnan M
- Bin Ismail MJ
- Bin Mahamood A
- Birindelli A
- Birring A
- Bisset C
- Bjorklund I
- Bjorklund I
- Blacker S
- Blackwell J
- Blanco R
- Blanco-Colino R
- Blencowe N
- Blencowe N
- Bliksoen M
- Blower E
- Bluelle R
- Blundell R
- Boakye-Yiadom K
- Boal M
- Bocchetti T
- Boddy A
- Bode C
- Bode C
- Bodur S
- Boereboom C
- Boggon A
- Boijsen M
- Bokhari S
- Bonavia K
- Bonavina L
- Bonavina L
- Bond-Smith G
- Bondin J
- Bondurri A
- Bondurri A
- Boni S
- Bonnard A
- Bonney W
- Borda Luque G
- Borda-Luque G
- Borda-Luque G
- Borg E
- Borg E
- Borg E
- Borin E
- Bortolasi L
- Bortolasi L
- Boshnaq M
- Botes S
- Bottini C
- Botto N
- Bouali O
- Bougard H
- Boukhal K
- Bowabsak A
- Bowe R
- Bowley D
- Bowling K
- Bowman C
- Boyce T
- Bradulskis S
- Bradulskis S
- Bratu M
- Bratu MR
- Bratu R-M
- Braungart S
- Bray LD
- Breaud J
- Breistrand M
- Breitenstein S
- Breslin R
- Brincat SD
- Broch A
- Brogden T
- Brown D
- Brown E
- Brown J
- Brown J
- Browning DRL
- Brunoni B
- Bsisu I
- Bucci L
- Bugaev N
- Bugeja R
- Buisson P
- Bukari M
- Bunting D
- Burger S
- Burmistrovas A
- Burns H
- Bustangi N
- Butt MT
- Cabala Chiong JA
- Cabala Chiong JA
- Cacurri A
- Cadogan DD
- Cahill R
- Cakaloglu HC
- Caliman C
- Callan R
- Camacho R
- Cameron B
- Camilleri GM
- Camilleri-Brennan J
- Camilleri-Brennan J
- Camilleri-Brennan JF
- Camilo Correa J
- Campagnaro T
- Canta Calua A
- Capito C
- Capleton P
- Carabott K
- Careta MC
- Carlucci M
- Carmela Lapitan M
- Carmona JM
- Carpio J
- Carrasco N
- Carreira J-A
- Carreiro De Freitas AV
- Cassar K
- Castro Mollo M
- Catani M
- Cautiero R
- Caydiid H
- Cecilia T
- Celik S
- Cengiz TB
- Cengiz Y
- Cengiz Y
- Cengiz Y
- Cengiz Y
- Ceriani C
- Cevik M
- Chabok A
- Chachulski W
- Chai C-A
- Chai FY
- Chambers A
- Chambers A
- Chan E
- Chan L
- Chan T-YK
- Chan XW
- Chan Z
- Chandrakumar C
- Chang K
- Chang KY-C
- Chapman A
- Chapman SJ
- Charles A
- Cheah AEZ
- Chen CY
- Chen KY
- Chen T-L
- Chenn R
- Cheong YJ
- Chetta N
- Cheung YHE
- Chew LS
- Chhabra S
- Chibuye C
- Chidambaram S
- Chiesa D
- Chilton G
- Chin PX
- Chin YR
- Chiu S
- Chiu S
- Chiu SMY
- Choi J
- Choi P
- Chong BFHK
- Chong CL
- Chong CL
- Chong CL
- Chong CS
- Chong H-Y
- Chong HY
- Choudhry A
- Chow CYN
- Chowdhury A
- Chowdhury D
- Chu K
- Chun A
- Chun T
- Chung KJ
- Chung S
- Ciccioli E
- Cirocchi R
- Ciubotaru C
- Claire R
- Clarissa A
- Clark DJ
- Clark T
- Clegg-Lampety J-N
- Clegg-Lamptey J-N
- Clement KD
- Clements JM
- Clerico G
- Clifford C
- Cloro LM
- Coasaca Huaraya R
- Coccolini F
- Coccolini F
- Coccolini F
- Coccolini F
- Cocker DM
- Cocorullo G
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- Magee C
- Maghrabi A
- Maghrabi AA
- Magri D
- Mahanty S
- Maharaj G
- Mahdi A
- Mahdi S
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- Maher ME
- Mahmoud B
- Mahmoud H
- Mahmoud M
- Mahmoud MA
- Mahmoud MI
- Mahmoud S
- Mahmoud SME
- Mahmud K
- Maillot B
- Maimbo M
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- Maison K
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- Mak T
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- Makinde M
- Makupe A
- Malaga B
- Malavenda M
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- Malik P
- Malik TAM
- Mamdouh E
- Mamdouh R
- Manatakis DK
- Manchego Bautista AC
- Manchego Bautista AC
- Manfreda S
- Mangan C
- Mangan C
- Mangiapane M
- Manipal CE
- Maniscalco A
- Mann T
- Mannu GS
- Mano MJB
- Manrique Sila G
- Manrique Sila GC
- Manriquez-Reyes M
- Manrrique Sila G
- Mansor EY
- Mansour B
- Mansour S
- Mansuri A
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- Mapasse D
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- Maraie N
- Marcelo Delgado J
- Marey A
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- Margaritis M
- Maria Garcia-Perez J
- Mariani A
- Marinkovic B
- Marinos C
- Marks E
- Marples L
- Marret J-B
- Marroquin Rodriguez DE
- Marshall DC
- Martian B-V
- Martin A
- Mas R
- Mason C
- Mat TNT
- Mata LPS
- Matheu A
- Mathew SW
- Matos-Puig R
- Mattar O
- Matter SM
- Mauro L
- Mayasari M
- Mazelyte R
- Mazrimas P
- Mazzella A
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- Melo R
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- Mendoza I
- Menegussi J
- Mensah E
- Menshawy A
- Mentula P
- Meqbil J
- Mercado Rodriguez L-A
- Mericliler M
- Merlini D
- Merlini D
- Merlo MS
- Mesbah N
- Meshref A
- Messa Aguilar WL
- Messa Aguilar WL
- Metwally MM
- Migliore M
- Mihaljevic AL
- Mihaljevic AL
- Mihanovic J
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- Mikalauskas S
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- Milligan W
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- Minguez Garcia J
- Minguez G
- Minocha A
- Minocha A
- Miranda C
- Mircea H
- Mirghani D
- Mironescu A
- Mironescu A
- Mironescu AS
- Mironescu AS
- Mirza A
- Mirza S
- Mistry A
- Mitrasinovic S
- Mitroudi M
- Mitroudis N
- Mittal A
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- Miyarde Leon A
- Mizzi C
- Mizzi S
- Mlotshwa M
- Moaty M
- Mochet S
- Modolo MM
- Modolo MM
- Modolo MM
- Moe TT
- Mogan YP
- Moghazy ME
- Mohamed A
- Mohamed A
- Mohamed AM
- Mohamed AR
- Mohamed B
- Mohamed F
- Mohamed I
- Mohamed M
- Mohamed MA
- Mohamed MAEH
- Mohamed MM
- Mohamed O
- Mohamed SR
- Mohameden A
- Mohammad A
- Mohammad A
- Mohammed A
- Mohammed A
- Mohammed AR
- Mohammed H
- Mohammed MM
- Mohammed MMH
- Mohammed S
- Mohan H
- Mohan M
- Mohan M
- Mok YT
- Mokhtar A
- Molina G
- Monaghan E
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- Monrad-Hansen PW
- Monteleone M
- Monteleone M
- Montes I
- Montes I
- Montoya Botero JA
- Montrimaite M
- Montrimaite M
- Moodley Y
- Moore R
- Moore R
- Mora JJV
- Morales C
- Morandi E
- Moreira G
- Moreno SC
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- Morshedy EM
- Morsi A
- Morsi M
- Morton D
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- Morton R
- Mosad A
- Mosalum O
- Mostafa HA
- Mostafa M
- Mostafa M
- Mousa M
- Moussa O
- Moustafa A
- Mouttalib S
- Mowafy B
- Mphatsoe AM
- Mshelbwala P
- Msiska N
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- Mukin ADF
- Muktar U
- Mukuzunga C
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- Munipalle PC
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- Murutoglu B
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- Musowoya J
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- Musyoka CK
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- Mutabazi AZ
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- Mutlu V
- Muzio E
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- Mykoniatis I
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- Nadkarni S
- Naess PA
- Nagy GS
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- Najjar M
- Nanthakumaran S
- Napolitano L
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- Naqvi SA
- Naqvi T
- Naranjo Aristizaibal FA
- Narayanan R
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- Narvestad JK
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- Nashat M
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- Nashidengo P
- Nasir A
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- Nassif D
- Nastri G
- Natalie H
- Nataraja R
- Natili A
- Navarro A
- Nawara C
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- Nayel AR
- Nazir M
- Ndajiwo A
- Ndajiwo A
- Ndegwa W
- Ndlovu SR
- Ndwambi P
- Negida A
- Negoi I
- Nel D
- Nemeth K
- Neo YN
- Neo YT
- Neophytou C
- Nepogodiev D
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- Nepogodiev D
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- Nessa A
- Nestorovic M
- Nevieraite V
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- Ng ZH
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- Ngwa TE
- Niazi AK
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- Niranjan N
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- Niyirera E
- Njokanma I
- Nnajiuba H
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- Nofal E
- Noor F
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- Nouh T
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- Noukpozounkou B
- Novak A
- Nowers J
- Nsengimana VJP
- Nsengiyumva C
- Ntirenganya F
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- Nurqistan HD
- Nwabuoku E
- Nwinee V
- Nwokoro C
- Nyberg J
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- O'Connor T
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- O'neill M
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- Ortega-Vazquez I
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- Palomino Castillo VD
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- Papaskarlatos I-A
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- Patoulias I
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- Pena L
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- Perez Velasquez CI
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- Perino M
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- Pertersen Servin GR
- Pesenti G
- Petrikenas S
- Peycelon M
- Peycelon M
- Pezas T
- Pezas T
- Pezelj N
- Phillips N
- Picardo A
- Picciariello A
- Pimenta ML
- Pineno-Flores C
- Pinkney T
- Pinkney T
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- Pino W
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- Powell A
- Prabhudesai A
- Pranevicius R
- Prasad SS
- Preckailaite E
- Primavesi F
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- Pronin S
- Prudhomme T
- Psaila J
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- Punja V
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- Qaissieh A
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- Qureshi AU
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- Rajmohan S
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- Rakita I
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- Ramarez Cabrera CC
- Ramazzini P
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- Rashad E
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- Rausa E
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- Razek T
- Razi SAU
- Razmdjou S
- Razuri C
- Razzaque J
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- Redota MAP
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- Sahel S
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- Salah OM
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- Samaraweera DI
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- Sandoval Barrantes AM
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- Schultz JK
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- Scott M
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- Semeda N
- Semiz A
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- Senanayake KJ
- Senanayake WSMKJ
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- Sfougaris D
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- Shachykava T
- Shah A
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- Shaharuddin S
- Shahbaz AR
- Shaheen A
- Shahine A
- Shahzad N
- Shaikh N
- Shaikh S
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- Shillito S
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- Snyder E
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- Sobnach S
- Sodde P
- Soeselo DA
- Sokratous A
- Solaini L
- Solar Garcia L
- Solar Garcia L
- Soldevila-Verdeguer C
- Soley R
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- Soliman N
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- Soliman S
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- Sollazzo V
- Soltani N
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- Soulou V
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- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spence R
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- Sproule L
- Spurr M
- Sreedharan A
- Srinivasan R
- Sriram A
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- Sruogiene EZ
- Staerkle RF
- Starr N
- Stasinou T
- Steccanella F
- Stefanopoulos A
- Stephen A
- Stewart D
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- Stuva J
- Styles K
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- Suarez AAB
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- Suleiman SI
- Summerour V
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- Sunderland G
- Sundstrom SM
- Suresh S
- Sutandi N
- Sutanto EPR
- Sutton P
- Sutton P
- Suyadi A
- Swann J
- Swaroop M
- Swaroop M
- Syibrah KZ
- Sykes M
- Szczap A
- Szeto CCL
- Szeto KJ-Y
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tackie E
- Taddei A
- Tade A
- Tafazal H
- Taha EMS
- Tahboub H
- Taher AA
- Taher M
- Taher MM
- Taieb C
- Taiwo A
- Taiwo O
- Taiwo O
- Talaat M
- Tale F
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- Talukder S
- Talukder S
- Talving P
- Talving P
- Tammam A
- Tan C
- Tan CL
- Tan CY
- Tan JJ
- Tan JK
- Tan KSK
- Tan RCK
- Tan YK
- Tan YW
- Tanase A
- Tanase A
- Tang A
- Tang L
- Tani SI
- Tansoker I
- Tarek A
- Tarek A
- Tarek D
- Targa S
- Tariq S
- Tata MD
- Tatagiba LS
- Tawfik BA
- Tawfik G
- Tawfik G
- Taylor F
- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
- Tedeschi U
- Tedjaatmadja C
- Telfah MM
- Tembo T
- Temoche E
- Tennakoon A
- Teo SY
- Ter EZ
- Tessera G
- Teufelberger G
- Tew YY
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- Tewari S
- Th'ng F
- Thabet W
- Thalgaspitiya SPB
- Tham JC
- Thanusan V
- Tharmalingam S
- Theodosopoulos T
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- Thompson B
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- Thorarinsdottir H
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- Timothy OK
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- Todd KO
- Toeema AG
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- Toribio Orbegozo PA
- Torrance HD
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- Toto OF
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- Tselos A
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- Turati L
- Turati L
- Turkustani S
- Turner M
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- Turpo Espinoza K
- Tutino R
- Tverskis Z
- Tyler R
- Tyler R
- Tze RGE
- Tze RGE
- Tzikos G
- Ubhi HK
- Ubiali P
- Ugalde P
- Ukwenya Y
- Ulusahin M
- Upadhyaya V
- Upchurch E
- Urbanavicius L
- Urbina Rojas NM
- Urbonas T
- Urbonas T
- Urniezius Z
- Urniezius Z
- Usaityte A
- Uscinas L
- Utter M
- Uzabumwana N
- Vaicius A
- Valcarcel-Saldana M
- Valente Laufer LA
- Valioulis I
- Van Der Naald N
- Van Duren B
- Van Niekerk M
- Van Straten S
- Varcada M
- Vargas M
- Varkalys K
- Vartanoglu T
- Vartic M
- Vartic M
- Vasquez G
- Vasquez I
- Veen T
- Velasquez R
- Vella-Baldacchino M
- Venclauskas L
- Vendramin E
- Venskutonis D
- Venskutonis D
- Venskutonis D
- Venskutonis D
- Venugopal C
- Verbeek A
- Vergara Celis JM
- Vergara Mejia AG
- Verjee A
- Vermaas M
- Veronese E
- Vianna JGP
- Vicario E
- Vicenta Collado M
- Vida LC
- Vida LC
- Vilcinskas M
- Villa R
- Villalobos S
- Vimalachandran D
- Vincent J
- Violi P
- Visinskas P
- Vivekanantham S
- Vlachogiorgos A
- Voulgaris E
- Wael N
- Wagener M
- Wakefield R
- Waledziak M
- Waleed H
- Walker M
- Walker N
- Walls L
- Walsh M
- Walsh U
- Waqar M
- Ward AE
- Ward S
- Warda M
- Warren O
- Warren O
- Warwick AM
- Waterman A
- Watson NF
- Watson NF
- Watts A
- Weber B
- Weber P
- Weber P
- Weinstein MS
- Weiser TG
- Werder G
- Wheeler J
- Whewell H
- Whitaker J
- White R
- White T
- Whitehurst K
- Wiborg J
- Widiastini TA
- Widmer LW
- Wijayarathna LS
- Wild JRL
- Williams E
- Williams G
- Williams O
- Williams O
- Williamson A
- Wilson A
- Wilson L
- Wilson M
- Wilson M
- Wilson MSJ
- Wilson MSJ
- Wimalge PMSN
- Winstanley J
- Witherspoon P
- Wogensen F
- Wogensen F
- Wogensen F
- Woin E
- Wold TB
- Wolf B
- Wolf B
- Wondimu S
- Wondoh P
- Wondoh P
- Wong CS
- Wong CY
- Wong F
- Wong HY
- Wood G
- Woodward H
- Worku M
- Worku M
- Worku T
- Wredberg C
- Wright N
- Wright NJ
- Xerri T
- Xerri T
- Yahaya MT
- Yakubu M
- Yallop L
- Yam SY
- Yang J
- Yap S
- Yaseen T
- Yaseen TM
- Yau JD
- Yavuz MA
- Ye J
- Yeang LJ
- Yee J
- Yeo LS
- Yeung ENW
- Yeung MHA
- Yifieyeh A
- Yildirim R
- Yip C
- Ymeri S
- Yoganathan P
- Yolcu S
- Yong CO
- Yong GL
- Younis A
- Youssef D
- Youssef H
- Youssef M
- Youssif JH
- Yuksek MA
- Yusufali T
- Zaa'treh R
- Zachariades D-C
- Zadoroznas A
- Zahran D
- Zakaria E
- Zakaria M
- Zakaria Y
- Zaki A
- Zakir M
- Zalabia MF
- Zamarin K
- Zammit S
- Zampitis N
- Zani A
- Zani A
- Zani A
- Zanini N
- Zanini N
- Zapata Ponze De Leon M
- Zapata Ponze De Leon M
- Zapata F
- Zarb C
- Zardab A
- Zegarra S
- Zeidan S
- Zelada Alvarez II
- Zerihun AB
- Zeta Solis LA
- Zhang Z
- Zheng F
- Zidan H
- Zidan H
- Zidan M
- Zielinski M
- Ziff O
- Zikry M
- Zil-E-Ali A
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskiene R
- Zilinskiene R
- Zimmermann EF
- Ziubryte G
- Zohair A
- Zorrilla CD
- Zuber M
- Zuber M
- Zuk G
- Zulkifli A
- Zumbuhl L
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 15/10/2018
- Field of study
Background The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist has fostered safe practice for 10 years, yet its place in emergency surgery has not been assessed on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate reported checklist use in emergency settings and examine the relationship with perioperative mortality in patients who had emergency laparotomy. Methods In two multinational cohort studies, adults undergoing emergency laparotomy were compared with those having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Relationships between reported checklist use and mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and bootstrapped simulation. Results Of 12 296 patients included from 76 countries, 4843 underwent emergency laparotomy. After adjusting for patient and disease factors, checklist use before emergency laparotomy was more common in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) (2455 of 2741, 89.6 per cent) compared with that in countries with a middle (753 of 1242, 60.6 per cent; odds ratio (OR) 0.17, 95 per cent c.i. 0.14 to 0.21, P <0001) or low (363 of 860, 422 per cent; OR 008, 007 to 010, P <0.001) HDI. Checklist use was less common in elective surgery than for emergency laparotomy in high-HDI countries (risk difference -94 (95 per cent c.i. -11.9 to -6.9) per cent; P <0001), but the relationship was reversed in low-HDI countries (+121 (+7.0 to +173) per cent; P <0001). In multivariable models, checklist use was associated with a lower 30-day perioperative mortality (OR 0.60, 0.50 to 073; P <0.001). The greatest absolute benefit was seen for emergency surgery in low- and middle-HDI countries. Conclusion Checklist use in emergency laparotomy was associated with a significantly lower perioperative mortality rate. Checklist use in low-HDI countries was half that in high-HDI countries.Peer reviewe
CropPol: a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination
- Author
- Albrecht M
- Allen-Perkins A
- Alomar D
- Andersson GKS
- Ariza D
- Arthur AD
- Artz DR
- Averill AL
- Badano EI
- Badenhausser I
- Bartomeus I
- Benjamin FE
- Bezerra ADM
- Bianchi FJJA
- Biddinger DJ
- Blanche R
- Blechschmidt L
- Blochtein B
- Bloom EH
- Bobiwash K
- Bommarco R
- Boreux V
- Boyle NK
- Bretagnolle V
- Brittain C
- Brokaw J
- Burns KLW
- Campbell JW
- Cariveau DP
- Carvalheiro LG
- Castro H
- Castro S
- Cavigliasso P
- Chacoff N
- Chan DSW
- Classen A
- Colville JF
- Coutinho J
- Crowder DW
- Cunningham SA
- Cusser SJ
- da Silva E Silva FD
- da Silva FO
- Daily GC
- Dainese M
- Dalsgaard B
- Danforth B
- Daniels J
- de Groot GA
- de Oliveira RH
- Diekötter T
- Dupont YL
- Eeraerts M
- Ehrlich PR
- Ekroos J
- Elle E
- Ellis JD
- Entling MH
- Fijen T
- Fleischer SJ
- Freitas BM
- Gagic V
- García D
- García FJC
- Garibaldi LA
- Garratt MPD
- Gaspar H
- Ghazoul J
- Gibbs J
- Gikungu MW
- Gillespie RL
- González JA
- González-Estévez MA
- Grab H
- Gundersen KB
- Gut L
- Hansen K
- Henry S
- Herrera JM
- Herzog F
- Hevia V
- Hipólito J
- Hoffman G
- Horgan FG
- Howlett B
- Isaacs R
- Jauker F
- Jeanneret P
- Jha S
- Joshi NK
- Kleijn D
- Klein A-M
- Knapp J
- Kremen C
- Krishnan S
- Leclercq N
- Li J
- Lichtenberg EM
- Lindstrom SAM
- Loeb GM
- Loureiro J
- Lundin O
- Lázaro A
- Magrach A
- Mallinger RE
- Mandelik Y
- Marks EAN
- Mason K
- Mauchline AL
- Mayfield MM
- McGrady CM
- Meeus I
- Michener CD
- Miñarro M
- Montero-Castaño A
- Mota L
- Nabaes Jodar DN
- Nault BA
- Nauss T
- Nesper M
- Nicholson CC
- Nilsson L
- Nunes-Silva P
- O'Reilly AD
- Oeller E
- Ortega-Marcos JJ
- Osborne JL
- Otieno M
- Park M
- Parra GN
- Petersen JD
- Peterson SS
- Pigozo CM
- Pisanty G
- Pisman M
- Pitts-Singer TL
- Potts SG
- Rad C
- Rader R
- Raine NE
- Ramos DL
- Rao S
- Reilly JR
- Ricketts TH
- Robson A
- Rothwell N
- Rowe LM
- Rundlöf M
- Saez A
- Scheper J
- Schwarzbach F
- Schüepp C
- Sciligo AR
- Shaw RF
- Sidhu CS
- Simmons BI
- Smagghe G
- Smith HG
- Sritongchuay T
- Stanley DA
- Steffan-Dewenter I
- Stewart RIA
- Stout J
- Sutter L
- Szentgyorgyi H
- Taki H
- Trillo A
- Tscharntke T
- Veldtman R
- Vereecken NJ
- Vergara CH
- Viana BF
- Vilà M
- Vogiatzakis IN
- Ward KL
- Weekers T
- Wilby A
- Willcox B
- Williams NM
- Wilson JK
- Winfree R
- Wolters V
- Woodcock BA
- Woyciechowski M
- Zaragoza-Trello C
- Zou Y
- Åström J
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 26/01/2022
- Field of study
This is the final version. Available from Wiley via the DOI in this record The original dataset (v1.1.0) of the CropPol database can be accessed from the ECOLOGY repository. Main upgrades of these datasets will be versioned and deposited in Zenodo (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5546600)Data availability. V.C. Computer programs and data-processing algorithms: The algorithms used in deriving, processing, or transforming data can be accessed in the DataS1.zip file and the Zenodo repository (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5546600). V.D. Archiving: The data is archived for long-term storage and access in Zenodo (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5546600)Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions. Here, we present CropPol, a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination. It contains measurements recorded from 202 crop studies, covering 3,394 field observations, 2,552 yield measurements (i.e. berry weight, number of fruits and kg per hectare, among others), and 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops distributed around the globe. CropPol comprises 32 of the 87 leading global crops and commodities that are pollinator dependent. Malus domestica is the most represented crop (32 studies), followed by Brassica napus (22 studies), Vaccinium corymbosum (13 studies), and Citrullus lanatus (12 studies). The most abundant pollinator guilds recorded are honey bees (34.22% counts), bumblebees (19.19%), flies other than Syrphidae and Bombyliidae (13.18%), other wild bees (13.13%), beetles (10.97%), Syrphidae (4.87%), and Bombyliidae (0.05%). Locations comprise 34 countries distributed among Europe (76 studies), Northern America (60), Latin America and the Caribbean (29), Asia (20), Oceania (10), and Africa (7). Sampling spans three decades and is concentrated on 2001-05 (21 studies), 2006-10 (40), 2011-15 (88), and 2016-20 (50). This is the most comprehensive open global data set on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators and pollination to date, and we encourage researchers to add more datasets to this database in the future. This data set is released for non-commercial use only. Credits should be given to this paper (i.e., proper citation), and the products generated with this database should be shared under the same license terms (CC BY-NC-SA). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.OBServ Projec
Mortality of emergency abdominal surgery in high-, middle- and low-income countries
- Author
- A A Ahmed Ata
- A A Ibrahem
- A A Maghrabi
- A A Nasir
- A A Ne'ma Abdullah
- A Abd El Galeel
- A Abdel-Rahman Al-Aarag
- A AbdelFattah
- A Abdelgelil
- A Abdelkareem
- A Abdelmotaleb Ghazy
- A Aber
- A Abo El Magd
- A Abo Elazayem
- A Aboarab
- A Abouelnasr
- A Abouzahra
- A Adebanjo
- A Adekoya
- A Adel
- A Adel
- A Ademuyiwa
- A Adeniyi
- A Adesina
- A Adesuyi
- A Adeyeye
- A Afandy
- A Agarwal
- A Ahmed
- A Al-Mallah
- A Al-Shammari
- A Aldalaq
- A Ali
- A Ali
- A Alkammash
- A Allegri
- A Almallah
- A Almoflihi
- A Alrifaie
- A Altaf
- A Altamimi
- A Althwainy
- A Arenas
- A Ashton
- A Atef Omar
- A Austraite
- A B Zerihun
- A Badr
- A Badwy
- A Baird
- A Bamicha
- A Benevento
- A Bhangu
- A Bhargava
- A Birring
- A Boddy
- A Bondurri
- A Bonnard
- A C Manchego Bautista
- A C Manchego Bautista
- A C Roslani
- A C Snaith
- A Cacurri
- A Chambers
- A Chambers
- A Chapman
- A Chowdhury
- A Chun
- A Daltri Lazzarini Cury
- A Daqeeq
- A Das
- A Diab
- A Driscoll
- A Dubois
- A Dwydar
- A E Ajao
- A E K Musa
- A E Ward
- A Echevarria Rosas Moran
- A El Gendy
- A El Kholy
- A Elbatahgy
- A Elgebaly
- A Elkelany
- A Elkelany
- A Elkelany
- A Elkelany
- A Elkholy
- A Elshafay
- A Elwaey
- A Elwan
- A Essam Elnemr
- A Eysa
- A F Palma
- A Fadel
- A Fahiem
- A Farah
- A Faraz
- A Farquharson
- A Faure
- A Fawzy
- A Fouad
- A G N Robertson
- A Gamal Toeema
- A Garland
- A Gerosa
- A Gharib
- A Gharib
- A Gheith
- A Gomaa
- A Gouda
- A Grant
- A Gudal
- A Habeebullah
- A Hafez El-Badri Kotb
- A Hagar
- A Hammad
- A Hanks
- A Haroun
- A Hasan
- A Hasheminia
- A Hashish
- A Hassan
- A Hassan
- A Hassan
- A Hegazy Khedr
- A Horobjowsky
- A Hussein
- A Huwait
- A J Fowler
- A Jabbar
- A Karim
- A Kenibar
- A Khairy Aly
- A Khalique
- A Khan
- A Khoja
- A Khyrallh
- A Kiasat
- A Kirishnan
- A Kirupagaran
- A Kjellin
- A Kolosov
- A Kyaw Tun
- A L Contreras Vergara
- A L Mclean
- A Lasheen
- A Leal
- A Leppäniemi
- A Livesey
- A M Afifi
- A M Altwigry
- A M Attia
- A M Elkorashy
- A M Hammad
- A M Mphatsoe
- A M Saeed
- A M Shariffuddin
- A M Warwick
- A Macdonald
- A Macfarlane
- A Maffioli
- A Mahdi
- A Maniscalco
- A Marey
- A Martin
- A Mcguigan
- A Mcphee
- A Menshawy
- A Minocha
- A Mirza
- A Mistry
- A Mittal
- A Mohameden
- A Mohammad
- A Mohammed
- A Mohammed
- A Mokhtar
- A Morsi
- A Mosad
- A Munera
- A Nabawi
- A Nashaat
- A Nasr
- A Nawawi
- A Negida
- A Nesaratnam
- A Niragire
- A Nocito
- A Novak
- A Ogunyemi
- A Oluwagbemiga Lawal
- A Oosterkamp
- A Osama Elsebaaye
- A Osinowo
- A Osman Abdelaziz Elhendawy
- A P Arnaud
- A Popoola
- A Powell
- A Prabhudesai
- A R Mitul
- A Ragab Nayel
- A Ragab Soliman
- A Ramadan
- A Ramos-De La Medina
- A Rasendran
- A Rasendran
- A Rasendran
- A Rashid
- A Raslan
- A Riaz
- A Rotundo
- A Rslan
- A Rudzenskaite
- A S Mironescu
- A S North
- A Sabry
- A Sabry El-Hamouly
- A Sadek
- A Safwan Marey
- A Sakr
- A Salah Elsherbiny
- A Salleh
- A Samir
- A Sanad
- A Sayed
- A Scalabre
- A Shabkah
- A Shah
- A Shalaby
- A Sheshe
- A Skardžiukaitė
- A Solaiman El-Ma'doul
- A Spina
- A Sreedharan
- A Sriram
- A Stephen
- A Strazdas
- A Szczap
- A Tade
- A Tammam
- A Tanase
- A Tanase
- A Tang
- A Tarek
- A Tarek Hafez
- A Thorell
- A Usaityte
- A Vega Carreiro De Freitas
- A Venâncio De Sousa
- A Vlachogiorgos
- A W Anwar
- A Watts
- A Williamson
- A Wilson
- A Zani
- A Zardab
- A Zeynel A Balkan
- A Zil-E-Ali
- Abid Bin Mahamood
- B Albeladi
- B Alghamdi
- B B Ozkan
- B B Ozkan
- B Cameron
- B F Hon Khi Chong
- B Frisk
- B Magdy
- B Mansour
- B Mijuskovic
- B Nighat
- B Odeyemi
- B Pereira
- B Pereira Silvestre
- B S Kumar
- B Sieda
- B Skelly
- B Thompson
- B Van Duren
- B Weber
- B Wolf
- B-V Martian
- C A Arroyo Basto
- C A Azmitia Mendizabal
- C Agalianos
- C Anthoulakis
- C Beaton
- C Bode
- C Boereboom
- C Bowman
- C C Goh
- C C L Szeto
- C C Ramã Rez Cabrera
- C Ceriani
- C Chandrakumar
- C Clifford
- C Currow
- C Dervenis
- C Diaz-Zorrilla
- C E Lopez
- C Fahy
- C Fairfield
- C Fairfield
- C Fermani
- C Gouldthorpe
- C Grossart
- C Hand
- C Hinojosa
- C Houlden
- C I Pérez Velásquez
- C J Mcintyre
- C Jenvey
- C Jones
- C Khatri
- C Koh
- C Lee
- C Leung Chong
- C Leung Chong
- C Leung Chong
- C Lopez-Arevalo
- C López
- C M Rees
- C Magee
- C Mangan
- C Mangan
- C Marinos
- C Mason
- C Milagros Herrera Puma
- C Morales
- C Morgan
- C Muller
- C Nawara
- C Neophytou
- C Normile
- C Normile
- C Nwokoro
- C Oliveira Felipe
- C Ou Yong
- C P García Torres
- C P Major
- C Raslan
- C S Wong
- C Sampson
- C Schoewe
- C Smith
- C Tedjaatmadja
- C Tolg
- C Venugopal
- C Vinícius Barroso de Lima
- C W Ho
- C Wredberg
- C Y Chen
- C Y Tan
- D A Amin Elsorogy
- D A Raptis
- D A Romani Pozo
- D A Soeselo
- D Alkhabbaz
- D Anandkumar
- D Anderson
- D Bowley
- D Brown
- D C Marshall
- D Dabessa
- D Donoghue
- D Du Plessis
- D Duarte Cadogan
- D E Marroquín Rodríguez
- D Emadeldin
- D Fouad
- D Golding
- D Heffernan
- D Hemeda
- D Hemingway
- D I Samaraweera
- D Iyer
- D J Clark
- D Karousos
- D Kazanavicius
- D Kotecha
- D L Deckelbaum
- D Loughran
- D Lytras
- D M Cocker
- D M Elbendary Elsawahly
- D Mapasse
- D McCullagh
- D Mckechnie
- D McMorran
- D Mcnish
- D Merlini
- D Mirghani
- D Nel
- D Pata
- D Periasammy
- D R L Browning
- D Roi
- D Samuel
- D Schivo
- D Smith
- D Stewart
- D Venskutonis
- D Venskutonis
- D Vimalachandran
- D Vinicius Dos Santos
- D Youssef
- D Öfner
- D-C Zachariades
- E Abdallah
- E Abington
- E Adel Sayma
- E Ali Ahmed
- E Aljohani
- E Aljohani
- E Alnawam
- E Alqahtani
- E Barrios
- E Barrios
- E Blower
- E Borg
- E Borin
- E Brown
- E Chan
- E Court
- E D Kennedy
- E Decker
- E Dempster
- E Domini
- E E Howie
- E Elbanby
- E Etchill
- E Eyssartier
- E F Zimmermann
- E Farinella
- E G Escobar
- E G Heywood
- E Gaignard
- E Gaignard
- E Gamaly
- E Ghanem
- E Grasset
- E Grasset
- E Griffiths
- E Harper
- E Hervieux
- E Hoogakker
- E Huaman
- E Jenner
- E Jones
- E Jovine
- E Jurdell
- E Kasem
- E Kefalidi
- E Kostov
- E Laugzemys
- E M Harrison
- E M Saeed Taha
- E Macdermid
- E Macdonald
- E Mamdouh
- E Marks
- E Mcaleer
- E Monaghan
- E N W Yeung
- E Niyirera
- E Nofal
- E P Refianti Sutanto
- E Panieri
- E Preckailaite
- E Rausa
- E Schadde
- E Snyder
- E Teasdale
- E Temoche
- E Thomas
- E Upchurch
- E Veronese
- E Williams
- E Woin
- E Y A Palkhi
- F A Asele
- F A Naranjo Aristizã Bal
- F Abantanga
- F Abd El-Salam
- F Alakaloko
- F Altoe
- F Coccolini
- F Deichsel
- F Di Franco
- F Elgendy
- F Elkady
- F Elzowawi
- F Fernandez-Bueno
- F Frade
- F Fujii
- F Koumpa
- F M Iqbal
- F N Rahmawati
- F Nada
- F Owusu
- F Pata
- F Primavesi
- F Regalado
- F S Peck
- F Sauvat
- F Schmitt
- F Tale
- F Taylor
- F Th'ng
- F Wogensen
- F Wogensen
- F Y Lam
- F Zheng
- F-M Iordache
- G Azzie
- G Borda Luque
- G Dawnay
- G El Ashal
- G Elena
- G Gemenetzis
- G Gravante
- G H Devadasar
- G Humm
- G Irwin
- G Kouraklis
- G Landolfo
- G Lap
- G Lim
- G Luca Lamanna
- G M Machain Vega
- G Maharaj
- G Manrique Sila
- G Manrrique Sila
- G Mclachlan
- G Minguez
- G Molina
- G Moreira
- G Nastri
- G Pabla
- G Pata
- G Peixoto Soares Miguel
- G Pereira Fraga
- G Podevin
- G Recinos
- G S Shamsi
- G Samir El Sayed
- G Sgroi
- G Shimy
- G Singh Mannu
- G Sunderland
- G Tawfik
- G Tessera
- G Teufelberger
- G Tierney
- G Tugnoli
- G Williams
- H A Segovia Lohse
- H Abbas Dharamshi
- H Abudeeb
- H Ahmed
- H Ahmed El-Badawy
- H Ali
- H Ali Mostafa
- H Anderson-Knight
- H Burns
- H Cruz
- H D Torrance
- H Dawoud
- H Ebdewi
- H El-Kashef
- H El-Sheemy
- H Elfeki
- H Elwakil
- H Francois-Coridon
- H Hakim
- H Holmer
- H I Ibraheem Al-Hameedi
- H Jordan
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- T Ebogo Ngwa
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- U Alamoudi
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- U Gustafsson
- U Hantour
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- U Walsh
- V Ambrozeviciute
- V Beisa
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- V Despotidis
- V Gadhvi
- V Graffeille
- V Graffieille
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- Z Chan
- Z Dambrauskas
- Z Hassan
- Z Iftikhar
- Z Jaffry
- Z Mikwar
- Z Oof
- Z Urniezius
- Z Zhang
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2016
- Field of study
Background: Surgical mortality data are collected routinely in high-income countries, yet virtually no low- or middle-income countries have outcome surveillance in place. The aim was prospectively to collect worldwide mortality data following emergency abdominal surgery, comparing findings across countries with a low, middle or high Human Development Index (HDI).
Methods: This was a prospective, multicentre, cohort study. Self-selected hospitals performing emergency surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive patients from at least one 2-week interval during July to December 2014. Postoperative mortality was analysed by hierarchical multivariable logistic regression.
Results: Data were obtained for 10 745 patients from 357 centres in 58 countries; 6538 were from high-, 2889 from middle- and 1318 from low-HDI settings. The overall mortality rate was 1⋅6 per cent at 24 h (high 1⋅1 per cent, middle 1⋅9 per cent, low 3⋅4 per cent; P < 0⋅001), increasing to 5⋅4 per cent by 30 days (high 4⋅5 per cent, middle 6⋅0 per cent, low 8⋅6 per cent; P < 0⋅001). Of the 578 patients who died, 404 (69⋅9 per cent) did so between 24 h and 30 days following surgery (high 74⋅2 per cent, middle 68⋅8 per cent, low 60⋅5 per cent). After adjustment, 30-day mortality remained higher in middle-income (odds ratio (OR) 2⋅78, 95 per cent c.i. 1⋅84 to 4⋅20) and low-income (OR 2⋅97, 1⋅84 to 4⋅81) countries. Surgical safety checklist use was less frequent in low- and middle-income countries, but when used was associated with reduced mortality at 30 days.
Conclusion: Mortality is three times higher in low- compared with high-HDI countries even when adjusted for prognostic factors. Patient safety factors may have an important role. Registration number: NCT02179112 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)
Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries
- Author
- Abad-Motos A.
- Abbas A.M.
- Abbas M.
- Abbasi M.
- Abbott T.
- Abdalaal I.
- Abdel-Galil K.
- Abdelemam R.
- Abdelgawad A.
- Abdelkarim M.
- Abdelkhalek M.
- Abdelmageed A.
- Abdelmawgoud S.
- Abdelmohsen S.
- Abdelrahman A.S.
- Abdelrahman M.
- Abdelwahab K.
- Abdou H.
- Abdulai D.R.
- Abdulkhaleq M.
- Abdullah B.
- Abdulsalam K.
- Abdulsalam S.
- Abdur-Rahman L.
- Abdus-Salam R.
- Abdussalam H.O.
- Abebrese J.T.
- Abeldaño A.
- Abou-Khalil J.
- Abou-Taleb H.
- Abozid A.
- Abozied H.
- Abrate A.
- Abu-Zaid A.
- Abubakar M.K.
- Abud B.
- Abuzaid M.
- Adam A.A.
- Adamina M.
- Adamou H.
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- Adebara I.
- Adebola O.
- Ademuyiwa A.
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- Publication venue
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Publication date
- 01/07/2023
- Field of study
Background
Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.
Methods
This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries.
Results
In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia.
Conclusion
This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries
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