Cytotoxicity and Bioactivity of Calcium Silicate-based Cements in a Culture of Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla

Introduction: The present in vitro study evaluated the cytotoxicity and bioactivity of commonly-used calcium silicate-based cements in a culture of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs). Materials and Methods: NeoMTA Plus (Avalon Biomed), BiodentineTM (Septodont) and MTA HP Repair (Angelus) cements were evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and sulphorhodamine-B (SRB) viability assays. Cells were seeded (1*104 cells mL-1) in 96-well plates and exposed to 1:4 diluted extract in 24 h and 72 h. For the analysis of bioactivity, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity and Alizarin Red S (AZR) were assessed after 24 h of cell culture in 12-well plates (1*104 cells mL-1), where cells were exposed to 1:4 diluted extract on days 1 and 7. Minimum Essential Eagle’s Medium alpha modification was used as control. ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used to compare the different cements at each experimental time point. Results: No significant differences were found between the cements and the control specimens on MTT at 24h and 72 h (P>0.05); however, the calcium silicate-based cement materials showed higher cell viability compared to the control group (P<0.05). In the 24-h SRB, NeoMTA Plus showed lower cell viability than BiodentineTM and MTA HP Repair (P<0.05), with all groups similar to the control group (P>0.05). Compared to 24-h results, only NeoMTA Plus presented increased cell viability at 72h (P<0.05). ALP activity was similar across the materials at 1day (P>0.05). ALP activity was higher for BiodentineTM when compared to NeoMTA Plus (P<0.05), nevertheless, it was similar to MTA HP Repair and control groups (P>0.05) at 7days. At 1- and 7-day periods ofAZR assay, BiodentineTM presented higher levels of mineralized nodule formation (P<0.05). Conclusion: All evaluated calcium silicate-based cements demonstrated cell viability and bioactivity, suggesting that these (bio)materials may be indicated for use in regenerative dentine-pulp complex procedures

Genetic improvement of sheep production by crossbreeding strategies with hair sheep breeds

The objective is to propose crossbreeding strategies with hair sheep breeds to improve meat production in Mexico. Two crossbreeding schemes are presented that can provide solutions to the problem of intensive use of several breeds in unplanned crosses that has occurred in some flock. The starting point of the first scheme is a hybrid base population (hair sheep x Dorper) in which the breed proportions are unknown, by using two hair sheep breeds alternatively as maternal lines and Dorper as paternal line. The second scheme aims to develop a hybrid or synthetic breed ⅝ Charollais ⅜ hair sheep. For purposes of this discussion the two hair sheep breeds Blackbelly and Pelibuey will be used along with Charollais as the meat-type breed in the understanding that any suitable breed may be used to achieve the objectives of a particular production system

The nuclear receptor LXRα controls the functional specialization of splenic macrophages.

Macrophages are professional phagocytic cells that orchestrate innate immune responses and have considerable phenotypic diversity at different anatomical locations. However, the mechanisms that control the heterogeneity of tissue macrophages are not well characterized. Here we found that the nuclear receptor LXRα was essential for the differentiation of macrophages in the marginal zone (MZ) of the spleen. LXR-deficient mice were defective in the generation of MZ and metallophilic macrophages, which resulted in abnormal responses to blood-borne antigens. Myeloid-specific expression of LXRα or adoptive transfer of wild-type monocytes restored the MZ microenvironment in LXRα-deficient mice. Our results demonstrate that signaling via LXRα in myeloid cells is crucial for the generation of splenic MZ macrophages and identify an unprecedented role for a nuclear receptor in the generation of specialized macrophage subsets

Dentes supranumerários dismórficos - relato de caso clínico

Supernumerary teeth or hyperdontia is an excess on tooth number, which can occur in both dentitions. The presence of a supernumerary tooth can cause dentigerous cyst, root resorption or it can be wrongly diagnosed as an odontoma of the composed kind. This paper describes one case report in which dysmorfhic supernumerary teeth are present in the region of the right maxillary premolar tooth, as well as its diagnosis and menagement.A existência de dente supranumerário, ou hiperdontia, traduz um excesso no número de dentes, que pode ocorrer em ambas às dentições. Sua presença pode ocasionar a formação de cistos dentígeros, reabsorção de dentes adjacentes, ou ainda ser erroneamente diagnosticada como odontoma do tipo composto. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever um caso clínico em que dentes supranumerários dismórficos estão presentes na região de pré-molares, maxilar direito, assim como o seu diagnóstico e conduta frente ao caso

Displasia cleidocraniana: aspectos clínicos e radiográficos e relato de um caso clínico

Cleidocranial dysplasia is characterized by multiple abnormalities, mainly those related to craniofacial and corporal skeleton, besides oral and dental anomaly. The aim of this paper is to report a case of a female patient, 25 years old, who has characteristical signs of this pathology. General aspects of the disease, as well clinical and radiographic findings are also discussed and empathized, due to its rare occurrence.A Displasia Cleidocraniana (DCC) é caracterizada por múltiplas anormalidades, principalmente aquelas pertencentes ao esqueleto craniofacial e corporal, e também anormalidades buco-dentais. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o caso de uma paciente, gênero feminino, 25 anos, portadora de sinais característicos dessa entidade patológica. Os aspectos gerais da doença, assim como os sinais clínicos e radiográficos da síndrome são também discutidos e enfatizados, dada a sua rara ocorrência

Population fluctuation of the pineapple mealybug in two pineapple (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr.) varieties in Huimanguillo Tabasco, Mexico

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the specie, the prevalence and seasonal distribution of Dysmicoccus spp. Design/Methodology/Approach: The present study was carried out in two pineapples producing localities MD2 and cabezona varieties in the municipality of Huimanguillo, Tabasco The seasonal distribution and percentage of infestation were determined in both localities/varieties from January to June 2021. Monthly, 40 plants were sampled at random, in an area of 4 ha per locality. At the plant level, roots, stems, and leaves of the base of the plant and fruits were checked for the presence of this mealybug. Results: The species present were D. brevipes. The greatest abundance of mealybug was found in the bighead variety. D. brevipes are mostly located at the base of the stem and old basal leaves, both in the var. bighead as in MD2, by 85.46 and 61.75%, respectively. From January to April, the populations of D. brevipes were moderate, a period with the highest temperature; while the highest populations were recorded towards mid-June when the rains begin. Study limitations/implications: Climatic variable and immature stages of D. brevipes may affect the observations of population dynamics. Findings/Conclusions: D. brevipes was found to feed more on basal leaves and stems. To obtain population dynamics and predict the total number of insects per plant and their temporal and spatial distribution, the entire production cycle must be considered together with the climatic parameters, to create a control strategy directed at the dates of moderate abundance. Key words: Pineapple mealybugs, seasonal distribution, Huimanguillo.    Objective: To identify the pineapple mealybug Dysmicoccus spp. and determine its prevalence and seasonal distribution in Huimanguillo Tabasco, Mexico. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study was carried out in two pineapple producing localities in the municipality of Huimanguillo, Tabasco. The varieties studied were MD2 and Cabezona. The seasonal distribution and infestation percentage was determined in both localities and for both varieties from January to June 2021. Forty plants were randomly sampled per month in a 4-ha area per locality. Roots, stems, basal leaves, and fruits were examined at the plant level. Results: The highest abundance of pineapple mealybugs (D. brevipes sp.) was found in the Cabezona variety. D. brevipes is mainly located in 85.46 and 61.76% of the old leaves of the stem, in the Cabezona and MD2 varieties, respectively. From January to April —when the highest temperatures were recorded—, the population of D. brevipes was moderate, while the highest populations were recorded towards mid-June, when the rains began. Study Limitations/Implications: Climatic variables can affect the evaluation parameters. The immature stages dynamics can limit the interpretation of results. Conclusions: D. brevipes is mostly distributed in the lower parts of the plant. To determine the population fluctuation, predict the total number of insects per plant, and establish their temporal and spatial distribution, the entire production cycle must be considered, as well as the climatic parameters, in order to develop a targeted control strategy on dates of moderate abundance

1-Ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium paramagnetic ionic liquids with 3D magnetic ordering in its solid state: synthesis, structure and magneto-structural correlations

Financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci´on (Projects MAT2011-27573-C04) and Becas Iberoamericas J´ovenes Profesores Investigadores, 2015, Santander Universidades is acknowledged. The authors gratefully acknowledge the MALTA Consolider Ingenio 2010 (Ref. CSD2007-00045). IH acknowledges funding from the EU FP7 (Marie Curie-CIG 303535)

Cisto nasolabial unilateral: relato de caso clínico

The nasolabial cysts, also called nasoalveolar cysts, are nonodontogenic lesions of rare occurrence and of controversial pathogeny that originally had been mentioned in 1882. The individuals affected by this type of injury are commonly women between 40 and 50 years and its incidence is predominantly unilateral. The diagnosis is obtained by correlation of clinical, radiographic and histopathologyc findings. This paper reports a case of unilateral nasolabial cyst in a patient of 51 years old who complained of aesthetic alteration of the face, as well as respiratory difficulty. After clinical and radiographic diagnoses, the surgical approach has been carried out under general anesthesia for complete excision of the lesion. The removed part was directed to a histopathologic analysis, that confirmed the diagnosis of nasolabial cyst.Os cistos nasolabiais, também chamados cistos nasoalveolares, são lesões não-odontogênicas, raras e de patogenia controvertida, que foram originalmente mencionadas em 1882. Os indivíduos mais afetados por esse tipo de lesão são as mulheres entre 40 e 50 anos, e sua ocorrência é predominantemente unilateral. O diagnóstico é obtido por meio da união de informações clínicas, radiográficas e histopatológicas. Este trabalho relata um caso de cisto nasolabial unilateral em uma paciente de 51 anos, que se queixava de alteração da estética facial, bem como de dificuldade respiratória. Após diagnóstico clínico e radiográfico, foi realizada a abordagem cirúrgica sob anestesia geral, para excisão completa da lesão. A peça removida foi encaminhada para análise histopatológica, que confirmou o diagnóstico de cisto nasolabial

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected

Marejadas rurales y luchas por la vida, vol. iv: permanencias, resistencias y luchas por la vida

Volumen 4. Permanencias, resistencias y luchas por la vida, coordinado por: Elisabeth A. Mager Hois, Miguel Ángel Paz Frayre y Carla Zamora Lomelí, integra 15 capítulos y está dividido en tres secciones, la primera denominada Permanencia, contiene 5 capítulos que intentan establecer como eje común la lucha continua en las comunidades campesinas para continuar con la vida rural. La segunda, Identidad y resistencia, está compuesta por 4 capítulos que reflexionan sobre varios procesos de resistencia de la vida rural ante los cambios globales e internos en su propio proceso de vida, otros trabajos intentan encontrar aquellos elementos que generan y mantienen alguna forma de identidad, y la tercera sección, Lucha por la vida, contiene 6 trabajos que demuestran todas aquellas posibilidades que existen en el medio rural para sostenerse y mantenerse, generando diferentes formas y estrategias que los une en la continua lucha por vivir con pocas pretensiones y con difíciles perspectivas pero siempre encontrando alternativas.ASOCIACIÓN MEXICANA DE ESTUDIOS RURALES, INSTITUTO DE CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y RURALES (ICAR), UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA, FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES ACATLÁN-UNAM, ECOSUR, CUCOSTA SUR GRANA, EL COLEGIO DE MICHOACÁN A.C., UNIVERSIDAD MICHOACANA DE SAN NICOLAS HIDALG