Mastócitos: promotores da fibrose miocárdica na doença hipertensiva cardíaca?

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Sudden cardiac death and valvular pathology

Sudden death due to valvular heart disease is reported to range from 1% to 5% in native valves and around 0.2%-0.9%/year in prosthesis. The nature of the diseases is varied, from heritable, congenital to acquired. It may affect both genders in multiple age groups. The authors show and comment examples of the major nosologic aetiologies underlying unexpected exitus letalis of valvular nature.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Rudolf Virchow: 200th birth anniversary

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Polymethyl methacrylate balls: an unexpected and surprising finding during an autopsy

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Mortality due to respiratory infections: an alert study before COVID-19 pandemic

Objective. Respiratory tract infections remain a common problem in clinical practice with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Portugal, pneumonia was the third leading death cause in 2018. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, there is a growing concern about the burden of respiratory diseases and preventable risk factors. The present study started before the pandemic and its aim was to determine the occurrence of pneumonia/bronchopneumonia in a postmortem series and to characterize its circumstantial context. Methods. A retrospective anatomopathological study was performed on cases with acute pneumonia/bronchopneumonia at the Medicolegal Portuguese Institute (2011-2017). Results. In an autopsy series of 737 patients, 521 were male and 675 presented comorbidities. The mean age was 63.87 ± 19.8 years. The most common acquisition site was community (65.1%), as natural death (65.5%). Concerning the manner of death, most cases (48.0%) were sudden deaths, followed by accidents (29.2%). A statistically significant association was observed between the medicolegal etiology and the place of infection acquisition, with higher prevalence of natural obitus (91.0%) in community-acquired pneumonia/bronchopneumonia versus higher prevalence of violent obitus in hospitalacquired pneumonia/bronchopneumonia (82.1%) (p < 0.001). Conclusions. Forensic anatomopathological postmortem data may contribute to better understand community and hospital pulmonary infections.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Chorangioma and John Clarke

Perinatal mortality is a relevant indicator of a country health status. Through the centuries, measures have been promoted to reduce modifiable risk factors or to treat installed diseases. That was the example of the English medical doctor John Clarke (1758/1760?-1851), who dedicated his life to mother-child health care [1]. Among his contributions is the report of a placental tumour in 1798, named Chorangioma placenta (CP) [2]. It may occur in primiparas or multiparas, apparently increasing with the mother’s age, with association to the mother’s hypertension or diabetes mellitus [3]. Chorangioma may appear in single or multiple pregnancies and may lead to foetal heart failure, hydrops, or sudden intra-uterine death [3]. The authors report the case of a 2 cm diameter chorangioma (Fig. 1A), which ended in premature death of the male foetus in utero at 35 weeks and 5 days, in a multiparous mother. Histopathological examination confirmed the macroscopic suspicion by disclosing a benign vascular capillary proliferation (Fig. 1B) positive for endothelial markers CD34/CD31 (Fig. 1C). Its current incidence ranges from 0.5% to 1% of analysed placentas [4] and may represent a primitive angioblastic tissue malformation, aggravated with hypoxia and/or haemodynamic changes during pregnancy. To conclude, we highlight the relevance of chorangioma as a cause of perinatal death, which is around 30% [4]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Dental abscess and “unexpected death”...

Even though we are living in an era of major technical-scientific advances and effective antimicrobial and antiviral therapy,dental infections are still the most important predisposing factors for head and neck infections. Odontogenic infections can cause severe complications, e.g. compromised airways, tissue necrosis, deep neck infections, mediastinitis, endocarditis and sepsis. These severe odontogenic infections can be potentially life-threatening. Usually odontogenic infections respond well to a combination of surgical treatment (incision, rainage) and antibiotic therapy. However, especially when the medico-surgical therapy is installed late, cases may evolve unfavourably and be fatal. The authors report a case of a 30-year-old man who was observed on three consecutive occasions by the General Practitioner in a District Hospital, for a decayed tooth with abscess and was, then, referred to a Central Hospital. There, he was examined for the fourth time, this one by a Stomatologist at the Emergency Department, where he died. The post mortem examination revealed bacterial (Gram +) acute neutrophilic (purulent) infection of soft tissues of the mandibular region and neck with para-tracheal extension, as well as thrombosis ofthe left jugular vein. Circumstantial clinical information, post mortem findings, pathophysiology (including complications andprogression of the disease to death) are discussed, highlighting the relevance of accurate and timely diagnosis and treatmentto avoid malpractice and mortality.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Voices from the past: results of the ESP history of pathology working group survey on pathology museums

While keeping their original purpose of training medical students, pathology museums hold great biological value, offering unique specimens for scientific research through modern radiological, pathological and biomolecular techniques. Moreover, the artefacts, models and drawings displayed in these museums are a precious cultural and artistic heritage. Preservation of the anatomical samples and maintenance of the facilities are neither easy nor inexpensive and call for patronage. The development of a European Pathology Museum Network would undoubtedly facilitate study, access and divulgation of antique pathology collections. Data from a survey conducted by the European Society of Pathology (ESP) History of Pathology Working Group have allowed creation of a comprehensive, multifaceted portrait of European university museums, reflecting their history, diversity, geography, institutional status, stakeholders, projects, professionals, audiences, policies and best practices

Healing incisional surgical wounds using Rose Hip oil in rats

Purpose: To evaluate incisional surgical wound healing in rats by using Rose Hip (Rosa rubiginosa L.) oil. Methods: Twenty-one days after the oophorectomy procedure, twenty-seven female, adult, Wistar rats were distributed into three groups: Control group (wound treatment with distilled water); Collagenase group (treatment with collagenase ointment); and Rose Hip group (wound treatment with Rose Hip oil). Each group was distributed according to the date of euthanasia: 7, 14 and 21 days. The wound was evaluated considering the macroscopic and microscopic parameters. Results: The results indicated differences in the healing of incisional wounds between treatments when compared to control group. Accelerated wound healing was observed in the group treated with Rose Hip oil in comparison to the control and collagenase, especially after the 14th day. Morphometric data confirmed the structural findings. Conclusion: There was significant effect in topical application of Rose Hip oil on incisional surgical wound healing

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13