17 research outputs found
Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III: Normative data for Spanish-speaking pediatric population
OBJECTIVE: To generate normative data for the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III (PPVT-III) in Spanish-speaking
pediatric populations.
METHOD: The sample consisted of 4,373 healthy children from nine countries in Latin America (Chile, Cuba, Ecuador,
Honduras, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico) and Spain. Each participant was administered the PPVT-III
as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. PPVT-III scores were normed using multiple linear regressions and standard
deviations of residual values. Age, age2, sex, and mean level of parental education (MLPE) were included as predictors in
the analyses.
RESULTS: The final multiple linear regression models showed main effects for age in all countries, such that scores increased
linearly as a function of age. In addition, age2 had a significant effect in all countries, except Guatemala and Paraguay. Models
showed that children whose parent(s) had a MLPE >12 years obtained higher scores compared to children whose parent(s)
had a MLPE â€12 years in all countries, except for Cuba, Peru, and Puerto Rico. Sex affected scores for Chile, Ecuador,
Guatemala, Mexico, and Spain.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest Spanish-speaking pediatric normative study in the world, and it will allow neuropsychologists from these countries to have a more accurate interpretation of the PPVT-III when used in pediatric populations
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The measurement of bilingual abilities: central challenges
In this handbook chapter I analyse the concept of bilingual abilities. Bilinguals vary widely in what they can do with their languages or in the ways in which they use their languages on a daily basis. This means that there is a great deal of variability in what the term covers. While many researchers subscribe to the holistic view of bilingualism, in the academic literature bilinguals are still often described in negative terms as having a "deficit" in one or another subsystem of their languages. The key aim of this chapter is to identify what makes individuals with bilingual abilities unique speaker-hearers in their own right, avoiding the fractional view of bilingualism, and how these abilities can be measured
Poetry Series: Poetry written post suicide for Indigenous youth in Aotearoa New Zealand
This series of poetry and prose was written to provide a cathartic examination of self. I use poetry to illustrate the darker corners in us as Indigenous people, and the darkness that sits in our souls, diminished as we are, in some ways, through our lives in this world. Through poetry I talk to the experiences of all those people I have been in touch with, who passed through suicide, in a means to acknowledge them, and love them, and hold them in my heart and in the hearts of others. Most of all it is about the experiences that mar us and darken our light, and in which, through beauty and words, we and I rekindle hope in others and light their fires again
Testing Tamariki: How Suitable is the PPVT-III?
In New Zealand, MÄori currently experience the "poorest health status of any ethnic group" characterised by high rates of physical and mental illness, educational underachievement, unemployment, criminal incarceration, and low socioeconomic status (Durie, 1998; Ministry of Health, 1999, 2002a, p. 2). Despite attempts to reduce the disparities between MÄori and other New Zealanders, MÄori continue to have a lower life expectancy than non-MÄori (Durie, 1998; Reid, 1999). MÄori children show similar levels of disadvantage experiencing high rates of illness and preventable death (Ministry of Health, 1998). MÄori children also achieve poorly in educational settings, with literacy levels and overall involvement in education found to be below that of non-MÄori (Ministry of Education, 2003a). Research findings have identified that health and educational disparities may be explained in part, by a mismatch between current approaches to practice and service delivery, and the values, beliefs, and experiences of MÄori (Phillips, McNaughton, & MacDonald, 2004). In line with such findings, a number of standardised psychometric tests developed outside of New Zealand, have also been found to produce culturally biased results when used with MÄori (Ogden, 2003; Ogden & McFarlane-Nathan, 1997). The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT-III) is one such test which is currently used in New Zealand to measure receptive vocabulary skills (Stockman, 2000). This research investigated the suitability of the PPVT-III with 46 MÄori children from three different age groups. Results revealed that the PPVT-III appeared to be suitable for use with MÄori, although a number of suggestions were made as to ways in which the administration and interpretation of PPVT-III test scores could be adjusted when working with MÄori. Additional research is required to establish whether changes to culturally biased items may improve the validity of the PPVT-III for use with MÄori
Developing services in te rohe o Ngai Tahu for Maori with gambling related problems
Although Maori, like other indigenous populations, have been identified
as being disproportionately at risk of gambling related problems, there
has been limited progress with strategies to address issues in this area.
The purpose of the current study was to contribute to the advancement
of problem gambling services for Maori living in te rohe o Ngai Tahu by
identifying the capacity and willingness of existing services to engage with
such development. Following a review of the relevant literature, information
was gathered through a phone survey of local Maori health providers and
several non-Maori gambling services. The survey identified a number of
salient issues, many not surprisingly relating to recruitment and retention
of appropriately skilled staff, A need for increased training of both Maori
and non-Maori gambling treatment workers was highlighted, however the
presence of some current capacity and a broad willingness to contribute to
development of Maori responsive interventions was clearly indicated. The
results of the survey along with information from the literature provided
the basis for constructing a framework to guide problem gambling service
development in te rohe o Ngai Tahu, While the current study was focused
on this specific region, it is likely that many of the issues identified would be
pertinent to developments in other tribal areas
Dealing With Discrimination in Physical Health Care Services: Strategies of People With Mental Health and Substance Use Conditions
Discrimination against people with mental health and substance use conditions (MHSUC) by health professionals contributes to the poor physical health outcomes this group experiences. We surveyed people with MHSUC in Aotearoa New Zealand to explore how they experienced and responded to discrimination from physical health services. Participants identified 6 strategies used to avoid or minimize the impact of discrimination. Avoidance strategies included not seeking help, not disclosing MHSUC diagnoses and changing or seeking out health professionals who did not behave in discriminatory ways. Minimizing strategies were being a âmodel patient,â taking a support person to consultations or advocating for what they needed, even in the face of discrimination. Physical health services must focus on providing non-discriminatory care to reduce the need for compensatory strategies and improve care of physical illness for people with MHSUC
A proposed hauora MÄori clinical guide for psychologists: Using the hui process and meihana model in clinical assessment and formulation
This paper documents a joint initiative of clinical practice educators from four tertiary institutions and their engagement in the design and development of a proposed Hauora MÄori Clinical Guide for Psychologists, which outlines how to apply the Hui Process and Meihana Model to applied psychology. It describes the ability for this proposed Hauora Maori Clinical Guide for Psychologists to assist clinicians, professional psychology training programmes and institutions in meeting the expectations of the Health Practitioners Act and The New Zealand Psychologists Boardâs (NZPB) Standards and Procedures document. It presents how this proposed guide can support the implementation of clinical and cultural competence and the Code of Ethics for Psychologists Working in New Zealand. It also provides an opportunity for the psychology profession to demonstrate responsivity to Te Tiriti o Waitangi obligations