Synthesis,Characterization,Thermal and Kinetic Photo Chemical Decomposition Study of New Azo Dye 7-[2-(BenzImidazolyl)Azo]-8-Hydroxy Quinoline and its Znic (II) Complex

This research includes preparation and spectral identification of a new azo ligand7-[2-(Benzimidazolyl) azo]-8-Hydroxy quinoline (BIAHQ) by using UV-Vis,  IR, 1H-NMR and mass spectra.The preparation of Zn(II)-complex of this ligand and identification by UV-Vis, IR radation spectrum,which characterized by elemental analysis.The analytical data shows that the metal to ligand ratio [M:L] of Zn(II)complex is 1:2.Decomposition kinetics was studied photochemical complex through irradiation solution complex single wavelength light ?=365 nm ,at temperature of 25 ?C for 60 minutes  and ethanol solvent was found to be the reaction from first order. Also,the calculated rate concetant photolysis kd mediated follow spectral changes during the process of irradiation . In order to reach the optimal conditions for the dissolution of the complex, it has been studied the impact of several factors on photochemical reaction of disintegration of the complex which include : Study the effects of the change in the intensity of light. More over  disintegration of the complex has been studied in temperature range 15-30?C, and studied the effects of the acidic function within range 3-9.The effects of several alcoholic solvents were studied on the rate of disintegration and these solvents are methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and1-butanol.Free ligand and Zn(II)complex were submitted to thermal analysis(TGA and DSC) activation thermodynamic data are calculated

INVESTIGATION OF SOME CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ASPARAGUS SPERNGERI

Objective: Asparagus sprengeri (A S) is an ornamental plant cultivated in EGYPT. This study was designed to investigate some lipid and flavanoid constituents, in addition to the evaluation of antioxidant activity of different extracts of the plant. Methods: Two phospholipid were identified by (HPTLC). The fatty acid methyl ester and unsaponifiable matter were analyzed by GC. Four flavonoids were isolated by CC and purified by PPc. Identification of isolated flavanoidal compounds was carried by spectroscopic analysis Viz, TLC,PC, UV, EL-MS and H-1– NMR. The different extracts were tested for their free radical scavenging activity using DPPH and β-Carotene- linoleic acid bleaching assay. Results: Four flavonoids, were isolated, apigenin, dihydroquercitin, naringenin, apigenin- 7-o- glucoside Nine fatty acids, Myrestic and linoliec acids were the major components. The unsaponifiable matter was found to be a mixture of hydrocarbons from (C13– C28) and cholesterol two classes of phospholipid were identified namely L-α-Phosphatidyl-DL-glycerol and L-α- Phosphatidylethanolamine. The alcoholic extract of the plant has moderate antioxidant activity with EC50 0.114 and 0.110 mg/ml for the DppH and β-carotene methods respectively Conclusion: Asparagus sprengeri can be used as the natural antioxidant. Flavonoids are suggested to be a group of key antioxidants in Asparagus

Breast Cancer in Thi-Qar 2018, it's determinants, histopathological presentation and six years' time trends, A comparative study

Objectives : to assess  the soscio-demographic characteristics,  clinico-pathological presentations, and important determinant of breast cancer patients  counseling breast disease center in Thi-Qar 2018, to study and compare  the yearly time trend of breast cancer in Thi-Qar from 2013-2017. Methods: A cross sectional analytical design was used. all women presented with breast mass at defined age, at the time of study, were included. Results: About  (59.5%)of malignant masses were moderately differentiated and (32%) of them were poorly differentiated (8.5%) were well differentiated at the time of study, Also about half of patients presents at late stages, while only 10% at early stages , in other word. The age was strongly correlated factor and about 57.5% of the malignancies were above 45. Recommendations :  1.Further studies with different design permit longer duration, are required  and preferred to be follow-up type to determine the effect of confound risk factors as age, stress and radiation rather than defined ones, also studies required about response to therapy and follow the complication.  2.Regular programmed screening required to detect the cancer in the earlier stage, and facilitate the availability of screening tools at the health care centers and in  peripheries hospitals of Thi-Qar

Breast Cancer in Thi-Qar 2018, it's determinants, histopathological presentation and six years' time trends, A comparative study

Objectives : to assess  the soscio-demographic characteristics,  clinico-pathological presentations, and important determinant of breast cancer patients  counseling breast disease center in Thi-Qar 2018, to study and compare  the yearly time trend of breast cancer in Thi-Qar from 2013-2017. Methods: A cross sectional analytical design was used. all women presented with breast mass at defined age, at the time of study, were included. Results: About  (59.5%)of malignant masses were moderately differentiated and (32%) of them were poorly differentiated (8.5%) were well differentiated at the time of study, Also about half of patients presents at late stages, while only 10% at early stages , in other word. The age was strongly correlated factor and about 57.5% of the malignancies were above 45. Recommendations :  1.Further studies with different design permit longer duration, are required  and preferred to be follow-up type to determine the effect of confound risk factors as age, stress and radiation rather than defined ones, also studies required about response to therapy and follow the complication.  2.Regular programmed screening required to detect the cancer in the earlier stage, and facilitate the availability of screening tools at the health care centers and in  peripheries hospitals of Thi-Qar

Development and Evaluation of an Interactive Instructional Package for Teaching Engineering Graphics Skills

Exposure to modern pedagogical approaches and methods with appropriate instructional media can enhance the development of high-level critical thinking and technical skills. This study examined the development of an interactive instructional software package for teaching engineering graphics and evaluated its relative effectiveness on second-year undergraduate engineering students' academic achievement, skill transfer, and retention. In this study, the quasi-experimental, pre-test, post-test, control group design was employed. 45 research participants were sampled, employing two-stage stratified sampling technique, which comprises the simple random sampling to assign students into three groups from the study population and systematic sampling with k = 3 to select 15 students from each group to a control group and experimental groups A and B. The control group was exposed to conventional classroom instruction (CI), group A to computer-aided instruction (CAI); and group B to conventional and computer-aided instructions (CCAIs). A computer-aided learning package on engineering graphics was developed using the Camtasia software package, which served as the treatment instrument. The pre-test and post-test data used for analysis stemmed from a validated Engineering Graphics Achievement Test instrument. Analysis of covariance and Sidak post hoc test statistical analysis of the groups' performance provided the results on the comparative effects of the treatment conditions. Findings indicated significant differences between the academic achievement, skill transfer, and retention of students, exposed to CCAIs, and CI or CAI strategies. When used together, a significant improvement in students' academic achievement, transfer, and retention of engineering graphics skills occurred than either the CI or CAI strategy used alone

Anti-Annexin V Antibodies: Association with Vascular Involvement and Disease Outcome in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis

Background: Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by skin thickening, fibrosis and vascular obliteration. The onset and course are heterogeneous. Prominent features include autoimmunity, inflammation and vascular damage. Aim of study: To measure the level of serum Anti-Annexin V antibodies in SSc patients and to study its significance in relation to vascular damage in these patients. Patients and methods: Twenty patients with SSc (12 with diffuse SSc and 8 with the limited form) and 10 healthy age and sex matched volunteers as controls were all subjected to routine laboratory testing and immunological profiling including antinuclear, anti-Scl-70, anticentomere, anticardiolipin antibodies and anti-annexin V antibodies titres. Vascular damage was assessed by clinical examination and assessment of the disease activity score, nailfold capillaroscopy and colour flow Doppler of the renal arteries; Doppler echocardiography was used for assessing pulmonary hypertension. Results: Anti-annexin V antibodies were detected in 75% of patients. Comparisons between anti-annexin V in diffuse and limited subgroups showed no significance; however a statistically significant positive correlation was found between Anti-annexin V titre and the degree of vascular damage in SSc patients. Anti-annexin V increased significantly in patients with severe vascular damage in comparison with those less affected (15.3 ± 6.6 vs. 11.25 ± 3.6, P , 0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between Anti-annexin V titre and both the ACL titre (r = 0.79, P , 0.001) and the resistive index of the main renal artery (r = 0.42, P , 0.05). Conclusion: Anti-annexin V antibodies were significantly present in sera of patients with SSc. Patients with more severe forms of vascular damage had higher titres of these antibodies. Anti-annexin V antibodies are a sensitive predictor of vascular damage in SSc and could serve as a useful parameter in discriminating patients with a higher risk of vascular affection from those without

Intraoperative endomanometric laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication improves postoperative outcomes in large sliding hiatus hernia with severe gastroesophageal reflux disease. A retrospective cohort study

Background: Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication (LNF) is the gold standard surgical intervention for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). LNF can be followed by recurrent symptoms or complications affecting patient satisfaction. The aim of this study is to assess the value of the intraoperative endomanometric evaluation of esophagogastric competence and pressure combined with LNF in patients with large sliding hiatus hernia (> 5 cm) with severe GERD (DeMeester score >100). Materials and methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter cohort study. Baseline characteristics, postoperative dysphagia and gas bloat syndrome, recurrent symptoms, and satisfaction were collected from a prospectively maintained database. Outcomes analyzed included recurrent reflux symptoms, postoperative side effects, and satisfaction with surgery. Results: 360 patients were stratified into endomanometric LNF (180 patients, LNF+) and LNF alone (180 patients, LNF). Recurrent heartburn (3.9% vs. 8.3%) and recurrent regurgitation (2.2% vs. 5%) showed a lower incidence in the LNF+ group (P=0.012). Postoperative score III recurrent heartburn and score III regurgitations occurred in 0% vs. 3.3% and 0% vs. 2.8% cases in the LNF+ and LNF groups, respectively (P=0.005). Postoperative persistent dysphagia and gas bloat syndrome occurred in 1.75% vs. 5.6% and 0% vs. 3.9% of patients (P=0.001). Score III postoperative persistent dysphagia was 0% vs. 2.8% in the two groups (P=0.007). There was no redo surgery for dysphagia after LNF+. Patient satisfaction at the end of the study was 93.3% vs. 86.7% in both cohorts, respectively (P=0.05). Conclusions: Intraoperative high-resolution manometry (HRM) and endoscopic were feasible in all patients, and the outcomes were favorable from an effectiveness and safety standpoint

Choline chloride/urea as a green and efficient deep eutectic solvent in three-component and four-component synthesis of novel pyrazole and pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazole derivatives with antibacterial and antifungal activity

In this study, choline chloride/urea was used as a green deep eutectic solvent in the three-component reaction of hydrazine/phenylhydrazine, malononitrile, and aromatic aldehydes for synthesizing pyrazole derivatives, and in the four-component reaction of methyl/ethyl acetoacetate, hydrazine/phenylhydrazine, malononitrile, and aromatic aldehydes for synthesizing pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives. Elemental analysis, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy were used to confirm the structure of the synthesized pyrazole and pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazole derivatives. The antimicrobial effects of the synthesized pyrazole and pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazole derivatives were investigated. In antimicrobial tests, instructions from clinical and laboratory standards institutes were used. Antimicrobial study was done on pathogenic gram-positive and gram-negative species, and specialized aquatic strains and fungal species. Using choline chloride/urea, novel pyrazole derivatives and pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives were synthesized, and other derivatives were synthesized with higher efficiency in less time than some previously reported methods. MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) obtained for derivatives were higher than some antibiotic drugs. Synthesis and reports of new derivatives of pyrazole and pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole, and investigation and reports of their antimicrobial properties on gram-positive, gram-negative, and specialized aquatic and fungal species are among the novel and important findings of this study

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background: There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low-and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods: Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results: Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion: For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially