22 research outputs found
DefiniçÔes para a padronização da pesquisa de auto-anticorpos contra constituintes do nĂșcleo (FAN HEp-2), nuclĂ©olo, citoplasma e aparelho mitĂłtico e suas associaçÔes clĂnicas
OBJECTIVE: The Second Brazilian Consensus on Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) in HEp-2 Cells approved and extended the decision trees developed during the First Brazilian Consensus in order to also offer information about mixed patterns of fluorescence. METHODS: Since this test elicits reactions not only to nuclear autoimmune antigens but also to different cell compartments, new denominations for the test were approved. Results and CONCLUSIONS: These new denominations encompass variations on the autoantibody testing against the nucleus (ANA HEp-2), nucleolus, cytoplasm, and mitotic apparatus issue. Furthermore, major clinical associations were described for each immunofluorescent pattern, facilitating the interpretation of laboratory results in the clinical practice.OBJETIVO: O Segundo Consenso Brasileiro de Fator Antinuclear (FAN) em CĂ©lulas HEp-2 ratificou os algoritmos de decisĂŁo para leitura dos padrĂ”es do FAN na imunofluorescĂȘncia indireta vistos na primeira edição do Consenso Brasileiro, adicionando ainda um novo algoritmo relacionado com os padrĂ”es mistos. MĂTODOS: Tendo em vista a habilidade do teste em detectar autoantĂgenos nos distintos compartimentos celulares, e nĂŁo apenas no nĂșcleo, propĂ”e-se novas denominaçÔes para este exame laboratorial. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSĂES: Como novas denominaçÔes algumas sugestĂ”es foram igualmente aceitas, dentro do tema pesquisa de auto-anticorpos contra constituintes do nĂșcleo (FAN HEp-2), nuclĂ©olo, citoplasma e aparelho mitĂłtico. Foram abordadas as principais relevĂąncias clĂnicas com os padrĂ”es de FAN descritos, facilitando o melhor uso do ensaio pelo mĂ©dico.FMUSPUNIFESPBio-Rad LaboratĂłrio BrasilHospital Geral de GoiĂąniaBiomĂ©dicaUniversidade Federal de UberlĂąndiaUFMG HCPUCRS HCNew Life Produtos HospitalaresUniversidade CatĂłlica de GoiĂĄsFMUSP HC LaboratĂłrio CentralPatologista ClĂnicaFMUSP HCFrischmann Aisengart Unidad InmunologĂaUniversidade CatĂłlica de GoiĂĄs LaboratĂłrio de Auto-ImunidadeExame Medicina LaboratorialFMUFG HC LaboratĂłrio de Imuno-Reumatologia e HLALab. Santa LuziaMedivax/BionHSPE/SPUniversidade CatĂłlica de GoiĂĄs LaboratĂłrio da Ărea de SaĂșdeFarmacĂȘutica-BioquĂmicaUniv. Fed. Mato GrossoFMUFG Serviço de ReumatologiaHospital Durand Unidad InmunologĂaLaboratĂłrio ClĂnicoUFRGS HCPA Serviço de ReumatologiaUERJ FCMUFMG FMHospital UniversitĂĄrio de BrasĂlia LaboratĂłrio de ReumatologiaUNIFESPSciEL
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4
While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge
of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5â7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8â11 In
the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the worldâs most diverse rainforest and the primary source of
Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13â15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazonâs biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus
crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced
environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian
Amazonia, while identifying the regionâs vulnerability to environmental change. 15%â18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by
2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status,
much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The Genome of Anopheles darlingi, the main neotropical malaria vector
Anopheles darlingi is the principal neotropical malaria vector, responsible for more than a million cases of malaria per year on the American continent. Anopheles darlingi diverged from the African and Asian malaria vectors âŒ100 million years ago (mya) and successfully adapted to the New World environment. Here we present an annotated reference A. darlingi genome, sequenced from a wild population of males and females collected in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 10 481 predicted protein-coding genes were annotated, 72% of which have their closest counterpart in Anopheles gambiae and 21% have highest similarity with other mosquito species. In spite of a long period of divergent evolution, conserved gene synteny was observed between A. darlingi and A. gambiae. More than 10 million single nucleotide polymorphisms and short indels with potential use as genetic markers were identified. Transposable elements correspond to 2.3% of the A. darlingi genome. Genes associated with hematophagy, immunity and insecticide resistance, directly involved in vectorhuman and vectorparasite interactions, were identified and discussed. This study represents the first effort to sequence the genome of a neotropical malaria vector, and opens a new window through which we can contemplate the evolutionary history of anopheline mosquitoes. It also provides valuable information that may lead to novel strategies to reduce malaria transmission on the South American continent. The A. darlingi genome is accessible at www.labinfo.lncc.br/index.php/anopheles- darlingi. © 2013 The Author(s)
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%â18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost
ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest
Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ
Brazilian quilombos: A repository of Amerindian alleles.
OBJECTIVES: As a consequence of colonization of the Americas and decimation of the native population, an important portion of autochthonous genetic variation has been lost. However, some alleles have been incorporated into the growing populations of admixed mestizos. In this study, we evaluated the potential of African-derived communities in Brazil to be repositories of Amerindian alleles and, by extension, a source of information on American prehistory.
METHODS: In this study, we describe the genetic variation of 15 ancestry informative markers (AIMs) of autosomal origin in two quilombos, Brazilian populations mainly of African descent, Santo AntĂŽnio do GuaporĂ© (SAG; Nâ=â31), and Santiago do Iguape (STI; Nâ=â37). We compared the AIMs from these populations to those of other African-Brazilian populations, and to the Distrito Federal (Nâ=â168), an urban population representative of Brazilian genetic diversity.
RESULTS: By admixture analysis, we found that the SAG and STI communities have a much higher proportion (over 40%) of Amerindian contribution to their gene pools than other admixed Brazilian populations, in addition to marked African contributions.
CONCLUSIONS: These results identify two living African-Brazilian populations that carry unique and important genetic information regarding Amerindian history. These populations will be extremely valuable in future investigations into American pre-history and Native American evolutionary dynamics. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 26:142-150, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
II brazilian consensus on antinuclear antibodies in HEp-2 cells : definitions for standardizartion of autoantibody testing against the nucleus (ANA HEp-2), nucleolus, cytoplasm and mitotic apparatus, as wel as its clinical associations
Objetivo: O Segundo Consenso Brasileiro de Fator Antinuclear (FAN) em CĂ©lulas HEp-2 ratificou os algoritmos de decisĂŁo para leitura dos padrĂ”es do FAN na imunofluorescĂȘncia indireta vistos na primeira edição do Consenso Brasileiro, adicionando ainda um novo algoritmo relacionado com os padrĂ”es mistos. MĂ©todos: Tendo em vista a habilidade do teste em detectar autoantĂgenos nos distintos compartimentos celulares, e nĂŁo apenas no nĂșcleo, propĂ”e-se novas denominaçÔes para este exame laboratorial. Resultados e ConclusĂ”es: Como novas denominaçÔes algumas sugestĂ”es foram igualmente aceitas, dentro do tema âpesquisa de auto-anticorpos contra constituintes do nĂșcleo (FAN HEp-2), nuclĂ©olo, citoplasma e aparelho mitĂłticoâ. Foram abordadas as principais relevĂąncias clĂnicas com os padrĂ”es de FAN descritos, facilitando o melhor uso do ensaio pelo mĂ©dico.Objective: The Second Brazilian Consensus on Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) in HEp-2 Cells approved and extended the decision trees developed during the First Brazilian Consensus in order to also offer information about mixed patterns of fluorescence. Methods: Since this test elicits reactions not only to nuclear autoimmune antigens but also to different cell compartments, new denominations for the test were approved. Results and Conclusions: These new denominations encompass variations on the âautoantibody testing against the nucleus (ANA HEp-2), nucleolus, cytoplasm, and mitotic apparatusâ issue. Furthermore, major clinical associations were described for each immunofluorescent pattern, facilitating the interpretation of laboratory results in the clinical practice