8 research outputs found

    Measurement of the WZ production cross section in pp collisions at root s=7 and 8 TeV and search for anomalous triple gauge couplings at root s=8 TeV

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    Clinical neurophysiology in the treatment of movement disorders: IFCN handbook chapter.

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    In this review, different aspects of the use of clinical neurophysiology techniques for the treatment of movement disorders are addressed. First of all, these techniques can be used to guide neuromodulation techniques or to perform therapeutic neuromodulation as such. Neuromodulation includes invasive techniques based on the surgical implantation of electrodes and a pulse generator, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) or spinal cord stimulation (SCS) on the one hand, and non-invasive techniques aimed at modulating or even lesioning neural structures by transcranial application. Movement disorders are one of the main areas of indication for the various neuromodulation techniques. This review focuses on the following techniques: DBS, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), low-intensity transcranial electrical stimulation, including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), and focused ultrasound (FUS), including high-intensity magnetic resonance-guided FUS (MRgFUS), and pulsed mode low-intensity transcranial FUS stimulation (TUS). The main clinical conditions in which neuromodulation has proven its efficacy are Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and essential tremor, mainly using DBS or MRgFUS. There is also some evidence for Tourette syndrome (DBS), Huntington's disease (DBS), cerebellar ataxia (tDCS), and axial signs (SCS) and depression (rTMS) in PD. The development of non-invasive transcranial neuromodulation techniques is limited by the short-term clinical impact of these techniques, especially rTMS, in the context of very chronic diseases. However, at-home use (tDCS) or current advances in the design of closed-loop stimulation (tACS) may open new perspectives for the application of these techniques in patients, favored by their easier use and lower rate of adverse effects compared to invasive or lesioning methods. Finally, this review summarizes the evidence for keeping the use of electromyography to optimize the identification of muscles to be treated with botulinum toxin injection, which is indicated and widely performed for the treatment of various movement disorders

    The Brucella abortus Cu,Zn Superoxide Dismutase Is Required for Optimal Resistance to Oxidative Killing by Murine Macrophages and Wild-Type Virulence in Experimentally Infected Mice

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    Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of cell lysates from Brucella abortus 2308 and the isogenic hfq mutant Hfq3 revealed that the RNA binding protein Hfq (also known as host factor I or HF-I) is required for the optimal stationary phase production of the periplasmic Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase SodC. An isogenic sodC mutant, designated MEK2, was constructed from B. abortus 2308 by gene replacement, and the sodC mutant exhibited much greater susceptibility to killing by O(2)(−) generated by pyrogallol and the xanthine oxidase reaction than the parental 2308 strain supporting a role for SodC in protecting this bacterium from O(2)(−) of exogenous origin. The B. abortus sodC mutant was also found to be much more sensitive to killing by cultured resident peritoneal macrophages from C57BL6J mice than 2308, and the attenuation displayed by MEK2 in cultured murine macrophages was enhanced when these phagocytes were treated with gamma interferon (IFN-γ). The attenuation displayed by the B. abortus sodC mutant in both resting and IFN-γ-activated macrophages was alleviated, however, when these host cells were treated with the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin. Consistent with its increased susceptibility to killing by cultured murine macrophages, the B. abortus sodC mutant also displayed significant attenuation in experimentally infected C57BL6J mice compared to the parental strain. These experimental findings indicate that SodC protects B. abortus 2308 from the respiratory burst of host macrophages. They also suggest that reduced SodC levels may contribute to the attenuation displayed by the B. abortus hfq mutant Hfq3 in the mouse model

    Measurement of the WZ production cross section in pp collisions at root s=7 and 8 TeV and search for anomalous triple gauge couplings at root s=8 TeV

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    The WZ production cross section is measured by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in proton proton collision data samples corresponding to integrated luminosities of 4.9 fb(-1) collected at root s = 7 TeV, and 19.6fb(-1) at root s = 8 TeV. The measurements are performed using the fully-leptonic WZ decay modes with electrons and muons in the final state. The measured cross sections for 71 WZ; root s = 7 TeV) = 20.14 +/- 1.32 (stat)+/- 0.38 (theo)+/- 1.06 (exp)+/- 0.44 (lumi) pb and sigma (pp -> WZ; root s = 8 TeV) = 24.09 +/- 0.87 (stat) 0.80 (theo) +/- 1.40 (exp) +/- 0.63 (lumi) pb. Differential cross sections with respect to the Z boson p(T), the leading jet p(T), and the number of jets are obtained using the root s = 8 TeV data. The results are consistent with standard model predictions and constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings are obtained

    Measurement of the WZ production cross section in pp collisions at root s=7 and 8 TeV and search for anomalous triple gauge couplings at root s=8 TeV

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    III. ABTEILUNG

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