"SARGOS" : Système d'Alerte et Réponse Graduée Off Shore

International audienceLe projet SARGOS répond à l'émergence du besoin de sûreté des infrastructures offshore civiles vulnérables aux actes de malveillance, de piraterie ou de terrorisme menées à partir de la mer. Il propose le développement d'un système assurant de manière coordonnée la chaîne globale de protection : veille et surveillance automatisées ; détection d'intrusion ; évaluation de dangerosité ; plan de réaction gradué et piloté en temps réel pour rester constamment adapté au niveau de menace représenté par l'intrusion détectée. Une des capacités clefs est l'élaboration d'une stratégie complète et mutualisée de défense, incluant la mise en sûreté des personnes, la diffusion de l'alarme, la coordination des moyens d'assistance extérieure et la mise en oeuvre de moyens de dissuasion non létaux pour apporter une réponse complète à la menace. Un démonstrateur du système SARGOS illustrant toute la chaîne de protection a été déployé sur site pour des expérimentations en vraie grandeur selon des scénarios définis avec les opérationnels. Les essais ont permis de valider tous les points clefs : détection de petites embarcations - levée d'alertes pertinentes couplant analyse de comportement des embarcations et évaluation de dangerosité - Assistance intuitive à l'opérateur pour l'activation de procédures de réaction proposées en dynamique suivant une logique prédéfinie propre aux moyens disponibles

Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) – a community perspective

This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through on-line media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the diversity of the participants (230 scientists in total), the process revealed much about community priorities and the state of our science: a preference for continuity in research questions rather than radical departures or redirections from past and current work. Questions remain focussed on process-based understanding of hydrological variability and causality at all space and time scales. Increased attention to environmental change drives a new emphasis on understanding how change propagates across interfaces within the hydrological system and across disciplinary boundaries. In particular, the expansion of the human footprint raises a new set of questions related to human interactions with nature and water cycle feedbacks in the context of complex water management problems. We hope that this reflection and synthesis of the 23 unsolved problems in hydrology will help guide research efforts for some years to come

Retrospective evaluation of whole exome and genome mutation calls in 746 cancer samples

Funder: NCI U24CA211006Abstract: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) curated consensus somatic mutation calls using whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we compare WES and WGS side-by-side from 746 TCGA samples, finding that ~80% of mutations overlap in covered exonic regions. We estimate that low variant allele fraction (VAF < 15%) and clonal heterogeneity contribute up to 68% of private WGS mutations and 71% of private WES mutations. We observe that ~30% of private WGS mutations trace to mutations identified by a single variant caller in WES consensus efforts. WGS captures both ~50% more variation in exonic regions and un-observed mutations in loci with variable GC-content. Together, our analysis highlights technological divergences between two reproducible somatic variant detection efforts

Search for eccentric black hole coalescences during the third observing run of LIGO and Virgo

Despite the growing number of confident binary black hole coalescences observed through gravitational waves so far, the astrophysical origin of these binaries remains uncertain. Orbital eccentricity is one of the clearest tracers of binary formation channels. Identifying binary eccentricity, however, remains challenging due to the limited availability of gravitational waveforms that include effects of eccentricity. Here, we present observational results for a waveform-independent search sensitive to eccentric black hole coalescences, covering the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. We identified no new high-significance candidates beyond those that were already identified with searches focusing on quasi-circular binaries. We determine the sensitivity of our search to high-mass (total mass M&gt;70 M⊙) binaries covering eccentricities up to 0.3 at 15 Hz orbital frequency, and use this to compare model predictions to search results. Assuming all detections are indeed quasi-circular, for our fiducial population model, we place an upper limit for the merger rate density of high-mass binaries with eccentricities 0&lt;e≤0.3 at 0.33 Gpc−3 yr−1 at 90\% confidence level

Ultralight vector dark matter search using data from the KAGRA O3GK run

Among the various candidates for dark matter (DM), ultralight vector DM can be probed by laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors through the measurement of oscillating length changes in the arm cavities. In this context, KAGRA has a unique feature due to differing compositions of its mirrors, enhancing the signal of vector DM in the length change in the auxiliary channels. Here we present the result of a search for U(1)B−L gauge boson DM using the KAGRA data from auxiliary length channels during the first joint observation run together with GEO600. By applying our search pipeline, which takes into account the stochastic nature of ultralight DM, upper bounds on the coupling strength between the U(1)B−L gauge boson and ordinary matter are obtained for a range of DM masses. While our constraints are less stringent than those derived from previous experiments, this study demonstrates the applicability of our method to the lower-mass vector DM search, which is made difficult in this measurement by the short observation time compared to the auto-correlation time scale of DM

CFD Validation of the Engine Air Intake wind tests

The main objective of this study carried on within the Aerodynamics department of Airbus Helicopters Marignane was to validate the Engine Air Intake tests with a CFD model of the helicopter including the whole wind tunnel building. The quantities which have been validated were aerodynamic criteria presented in the below parts. This study was done in order to improve the method and tools of the Airbus Helicopters Aerodynamic Department. The modeling has been improved during this study in order to make the computations results closer to the wind tunnel tests results

Syndrome d'hypersensibilité chimique multiple

AIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Pharmacie (130552105) / SudocSudocFranceF

Pharmacie d'officine assistée par ordinateur

AIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Pharmacie (130552105) / SudocSudocFranceF

Raw material procurement and land use in the northern Mediterranean Arc: insight from the first Proto-Aurignacian of Riparo Mochi (Balzi Rossi, Italy)

International audienceDiese Studie beabsichtigt ein allgemeines Modell einer der von Menschengruppen im westlichen Europa übernommenen Siedlungs-und Mobilitätsdynamiken während des anfänglichen Jungpaläolithikums zu erstellen. Zwei lithische Vergesellschaftungen, welche aus der Basis des Proto-Aurignacien (Einheit G) der bekannten prehistorischen Fundstelle Riparo Mochi (Grimaldi-Höhlen, Balzi Rossi) stammen, circa 41 500 calBP datiert, wurden unter petrographischen, technologischen und funktionellen Blickpunkten analysiert. Die Daten lassen auf das Bestehen eines umfangreichen Gebietes vom Rhone-Tal bis an die zentral-tyrrhenische Küste Italiens schliessen, in welchem die frühesten Menschengruppen des Proto-Aurignacien sich in ihrer Anpassung entwickelt und verändert haben, indem sie Rohmaterialien in einem weitreichenden Mobilitätssystem bewegten. Des Weiteren liefern die archäologischen Zeugnisse verschiedene chronologische Rahmen des menschlichen Verhaltens. Demzufolge sammelten und nutzten die ersten Gruppen des Proto-Aurignacien die vorhandenen Ressourcen, während sie den ligurisch-provenzialischen Bogen durchquerten in einer ähnlichen Weise, aber mit einer verschiedenen zeitlichen Intensität und Qualität. In Betracht kommen zwei Interpretationsmöglichkeiten: entweder spiegelt diese Veränderung des Spektrums der Rohmaterialien einen Unterschied in der Rolle des Fundortes Riparo Mochi im Territorium wider, oder sie belegt eine Population, die besser organi-siert ist, sich mit geeigneten Steinen zu versorgen.This study aims to provide a general model of one of the settlement/mobility dynamics adopted by human groups during the very early Upper Palaeolithic in Western Europe. Two lithic assemblages-coming from the base of the Proto-Aurignacian layer (Unit G) and from the top of the semi sterile Unit H-located in the east sector (1959 excavation) of the well-known Italian prehistoric key-site, Riparo Mochi (Grimaldi caves, Balzi Rossi) have been dated to about 41 500 calBP. Both assemblages are analyzed from a petrographical, technological, and functional perspective. The data suggest the existence of a large territory from the Rhone valley to central Tyrrhenian Italy where the earliest Proto-Aurignacian human groups developed their adaptations, moving raw material inside a system of long-distance mobility. Moreover, the archaeological evidence provides different chronological frames of human behavior; accordingly, the first Proto-Aurignacian human groups, while crossing the Liguro-Provençal Arc, gathered and used available resources in a similar way, but with different intensity and effectiveness in time. Two interpretations are possible: either this change in the raw material spectrum reflects a difference in the role played by the Riparo Mochi site within the territory or it documents populations who were better organised to supply rocks of greater suitability