Introducción

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Foraminíferos bentónicos del Cretácico Superior de la Cuenca Vascocantábrica, Norte de España

Se han estudiado los foraminíferos bentónicos del margen continental septentrional de la Placa Ibérica durante el Cretácico Superior (Cuenca Vascocantábrica). Un corte estratigráfi co realizado que abarca desde depósitos carbonatados de rampa interna con foraminíferos bentónicos de gran tamaño (columnas de Sobrón y Losavalle) hasta las alternancias margo-calizas de carácter hemipelágico (columnas de Villasana y Murguía) y las arcillas y margas pelágicas (columna de Galarreta-Gordoa y sondeo Urbasa-2) ha permitido estudiar la distribución de los foraminíferos bentónicos. La morfología funcional y el estilo de vida de los foraminíferos puede utilizarse para determinar su posición original en la rampa carbonatada y determinar tendencias de somerización y profundización hacia techo en las secuencias sedimentarias. El análisis secuencial de los depósitos de la rampa carbonatada del Cretácico Superior de la Cuenca Vascocantábrica se ha visto claramente mejorado utilizando los datos paleoecológicos de los foraminíferos bentónicos. La contrastación de la abundancia de foraminíferos bentónicos con el modelo de paleopendiente del Cretácico Superior ha permitido estimar el rango paleobatimétrico de vida de muchas especies de foraminíferos bentónicos en la cuenca Vascocantábrica

Foraminíferos bentónicos y paleoambientes del Jurásico Inferior y Medio de la zona occidental de la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica (norte de España)

Se estudian los foraminíferos bentónicos de edad Jurásico Inferior y Medio de la zona occidental de la Cuenca Vasco Cantábrica (secciones de Tudanca, Aguilar de Campoó y Barrios de Villadiegos). Se han reconocido cinco asociaciones de foraminíferos bentónicos, cada una de las cuales está relacionada con un paleoambiente trófi co específi co producido por condicionantes paleoceanográfi cos y por variaciones relativas del nivel del mar. La asociación Astacolus-Lingulina tiene lugar en depósitos transgresivos de alta energía del Sinemuriense inferior. La asociación Laevidentalina-Eoguttulina es característica de los depósitos transgresivos y bien oxigenados del Pliensbachiense. La asociación Ammobaculites-Reinholdella aparece en los depósitos anóxicos a poco oxigenados de edad Pliensbachiense, Toarciense y Calloviense. La asociación Saracenaria-Pseudolamarckina está relacionada con los depósitos de plataforma de baja energía de edad Aaleniense a Calloviense inferior. Y por último, la asociación Marginulina-Citharina caracteriza los sedimentos de alta energía del Aaleniense al Calloviense inferior. Los foraminíferos bentónicos muestran también variaciones en relación con la edad y con los cambios en el paleoambiente en función de los ciclos transgresivos-regresivos

TANAMI blazars in the IceCube PeV-neutrino fields

The IceCube Collaboration has announced the discovery of a neutrino flux in excess of the atmospheric background. Owing to the steeply falling atmospheric background spectrum, events at PeV energies most likely have an extraterrestrial origin. We present the multiwavelength properties of the six radio-brightest blazars that are positionally coincident with these events using contemporaneous data of the TANAMI blazar sample, including high-resolution images and spectral energy distributions. Assuming the X-ray to γ-ray emission originates in the photoproduction of pions by accelerated protons, the integrated predicted neutrino luminosity of these sources is high enough to explain the two detected PeV events

Geodynamic evolution of the Galápagos hot spot system (Central East Pacific) over the past 20 m.y.: Constraints from morphology, geochemistry, and magnetic anomalies

[1] We report results of magnetic data from the Nazca Plate and of geochemical (major element and Sr-Nd-Pb-isotope) analyses of rocks dredged from the Galápagos hot spot tracks (Cocos, Carnegie, Malpelo and Coiba Ridges and adjacent seamounts) in the Central East Pacific. Magnetic anomalies indicate that the Malpelo and Carnegie Ridges were once attached and that seafloor spreading separated the two ridges between 14.5 Ma and 9.5 Ma. The variations in Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic composition show that three of the mantle components currently observed at the Galápagos (Central, Southern, and Eastern) existed in the hot spot for at least 20 m.y., whereas the Northern Galápagos mantle component has been present for at least ∼15 Ma. Our data are consistent with the existence of a compositionally zoned/striped Galápagos plume since ∼20 Ma. Combined constraints from the morphology of the hot spot tracks, the magnetic record, and the isotope geochemistry of the rock samples provide new insights into the hot spot-ridge geometry and interaction of the Galápagos hot spot with the Cocos-Nazca spreading center (CNS) over the past 20 m.y. At 19.5 Ma a ridge jump moved the spreading axis to the northern edge of the hot spot. Between 19.5 and 14.5 Ma, the spreading axis was located above the center of the hot spot. At 14.5 Ma, a new ridge jump moved the spreading axis to the south, splitting the paleo-Carnegie Ridge into the present Carnegie and Malpelo Ridges. The repeated ridge jumps reflect capture of the northwardly drifting spreading center by the Galápagos hot spot. At 11–12 Ma an offset of the spreading axis lay above the plume center. Spreading between the Carnegie and Malpelo Ridges continued until 9.5 Ma

ANTARES constrains a blazar origin of two IceCube PeV neutrino events

Context. The source(s) of the neutrino excess reported by the IceCube Collaboration is unknown. The TANAMI Collaboration recently reported on the multiwavelength emission of six bright, variable blazars which are positionally coincident with two of the most energetic IceCube events. Objects like these are prime candidates to be the source of the highest-energy cosmic rays, and thus of associated neutrino emission. Aims. We present an analysis of neutrino emission from the six blazars using observations with the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Methods. The standard methods of the ANTARES candidate list search are applied to six years of data to search for an excess of muons ¿ and hence their neutrino progenitors ¿ from the directions of the six blazars described by the TANAMI Collaboration, and which are possibly associated with two IceCube events. Monte Carlo simulations of the detector response to both signal and background particle fluxes are used to estimate the sensitivity of this analysis for different possible source neutrino spectra. A maximum-likelihood approach, using the reconstructed energies and arrival directions of through-going muons, is used to identify events with properties consistent with a blazar origin. Results. Both blazars predicted to be the most neutrino-bright in the TANAMI sample (1653−329 and 1714−336) have a signal flux fitted by the likelihood analysis corresponding to approximately one event. This observation is consistent with the blazar-origin hypothesis of the IceCube event IC 14 for a broad range of blazar spectra, although an atmospheric origin cannot be excluded. No ANTARES events are observed from any of the other four blazars, including the three associated with IceCube event IC20. This excludes at a 90% confidence level the possibility that this event was produced by these blazars unless the neutrino spectrum is flatter than −2.4

COVID-19 infection in adult patients with hematological malignancies: a European Hematology Association Survey (EPICOVIDEHA)

Background: Patients with hematological malignancies (HM) are at high risk of mortality from SARS-CoV-2 disease 2019 (COVID-19). A better understanding of risk factors for adverse outcomes may improve clinical management in these patients. We therefore studied baseline characteristics of HM patients developing COVID-19 and analyzed predictors of mortality. Methods: The survey was supported by the Scientific Working Group Infection in Hematology of the European Hematology Association (EHA). Eligible for the analysis were adult patients with HM and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 observed between March and December 2020. Results: The study sample includes 3801 cases, represented by lymphoproliferative (mainly non-Hodgkin lymphoma n = 1084, myeloma n = 684 and chronic lymphoid leukemia n = 474) and myeloproliferative malignancies (mainly acute myeloid leukemia n = 497 and myelodysplastic syndromes n = 279). Severe/critical COVID-19 was observed in 63.8% of patients (n = 2425). Overall, 2778 (73.1%) of the patients were hospitalized, 689 (18.1%) of whom were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Overall, 1185 patients (31.2%) died. The primary cause of death was COVID-19 in 688 patients (58.1%), HM in 173 patients (14.6%), and a combination of both COVID-19 and progressing HM in 155 patients (13.1%). Highest mortality was observed in acute myeloid leukemia (199/497, 40%) and myelodysplastic syndromes (118/279, 42.3%). The mortality rate significantly decreased between the first COVID-19 wave (March–May 2020) and the second wave (October–December 2020) (581/1427, 40.7% vs. 439/1773, 24.8%, p value < 0.0001). In the multivariable analysis, age, active malignancy, chronic cardiac disease, liver disease, renal impairment, smoking history, and ICU stay correlated with mortality. Acute myeloid leukemia was a higher mortality risk than lymphoproliferative diseases. Conclusions: This survey confirms that COVID-19 patients with HM are at high risk of lethal complications. However, improved COVID-19 prevention has reduced mortality despite an increase in the number of reported cases.EPICOVIDEHA has received funds from Optics COMMITTM (COVID-19 Unmet Medical Needs and Associated Research Extension) COVID-19 RFP program by GILEAD Science, United States (Project 2020-8223)

Stratigraphische Korrelationen und Steuerungsfaktoren Sedimentärer Zyklen in ausgewählten Borealen und Tethyalen Becken des Cenoman/Turon (Oberkreide) Europas und Nordwestafrikas.

Sections from well-documented basins in NW- and SW-Europe as weIl as in NW-Africa were investigated stratigraphically. The Aquitain Basin (SW-France), the Baseo-Cantabrian Basin (N-Spain), the Pyrenees, the Provence Basin and the Voeontian Trough (SE-France), the Helvetic Zone, the Paris Basin, basins in N-Germany, the Polish Trough, the Penibetic Zone (S-Spain), the Umbria-Marche Basin (Italy), and the Atlas Basin (Tunisia) belong to the investigated structures. From the stratigraphic analysis of n sections a relative age model (Composite Standard CS72) was caleulated in using Graphic Correlation. Composite Standard CS72 is composed of 214 stratigraphic events, whieh were selected from 567 stratigraphic events in the Cenomanian-Turonian. Composite Standard CS72 was elaborated in using "Splitting Tops and Bases".19