Modelo de apuramento de custos de produção para a tomada de decisão: vinho branco e vinho tinto na região determinada do Douro, estudo de caso

Portugal é um país no qual a vinha e o vinho constituem um património cultural e económico de grande importância. Este traço da nossa identidade cultural, como povo e nação, deverá ser valorizado e transmitido às gerações futuras, enquanto elemento identificador, diferenciador e criador de valor. Para que o setor português do vinho e da vinha consiga assegurar a sua sustentabilidade a médio e longo prazo, é necessário assegurar esta relação qualidade-preço, o que só é possível com uma atenção constante à evolução técnica, à evolução do mercado e preferências dos consumidores, mas também ao controlo e gestão de custos. Neste sentido, a Contabilidade de Gestão assume extrema importância enquanto sistema de informação e de Gestão de recursos, pois permite conhecer com mais ou menos rigor, os custos de produção de cada produto, essencial para o controlo desses mesmos custos, para a formação dos preços de venda, para a análise das margens e para a tomada de decisão. O objetivo deste trabalho de projeto foi contribuir para colmatar as falhas que existem no sistema contabilístico da empresa, através da análise e repartição dos seus gastos anuais e do cálculo do custo unitário dos produtos e das respetivas rentabilidades. No caso desta empresa e no período analisado, ficou claro que a produção de vinho tinto é mais rentável que a do vinho branco. Já no que se refere aos produtos diferenciados (granel, Generoso e engarrafado), o vinho generoso e vinho a granel têm custos de produção bastante similares

Multiprofessional care of patients with diabetes mellitus at the endocrinology outpatient clinic of the university hospital of the Ribeirão Preto school of medicine (HCFMRP-USP)

The present study describes the flow of care delivery and activities with patients carriers of diabetes mellitus by a health multiprofessional team from the Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic of the University Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine. This program, according to the proposal of the America’s Declaration about Diabetes, aims at assuring to diabetes carriers conditions to acquire knowledge and skills regarding self-care.O presente estudo descreve o fluxo de atendimento e as atividades desenvolvidas pela equipe multiprofissional de saúde do Ambulatório de Endocrinologia e Metabologia do HCFMRPUSP, junto aos pacientes com diabetes mellitus. Este programa, em consonância aos propósitos da Declaração das Américas sobre Diabetes, visa assegurar que os pacientes com diabetes estejam em condições de adquirir conhecimentos e aptidões para o autocuidado

As especificidades do tratamento farmacológico e suas indicações no transtorno do espectro do autismo / Specificities of pharmacological treatment and indications in autism spectrum disorder

Introdução: O tratamento farmacológico para o Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) é usado como uma ferramenta complementar para controle de alterações comportamentais e social em pacientes, no qual os princípios para indicação e manejo são semelhantes a de outros pacientes acometidos por transtornos psiquiátricos. Desse modo, o conhecimento dos fármacos possíveis, peculiaridades e indicações são fundamentais pra otimização e sucesso da terapêutica. Objetivo: Apresentar uma revisão integrativa da literatura acerca das características e possíveis escolhas de terapia farmacológica para pacientes com diagnóstico de TEA. Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca sistemática sobre o tratamento farmacológico e suas particularidades para uso em pacientes com TEA, tendo sido selecionado 5 artigos que abrangeram os critérios de inclusão. Resultados: Os agentes farmacológicos disponíveis para uso no TEA devem ser iniciados apenas após psicoterapia e exclusão de outras possíveis comorbidades. Para escolha do agente, deve-se considerar probabilidade de melhoria no sintoma, potenciais efeitos adversos e possível falha de adesão. Assim sendo, os agentes de escolha para prescrição são a Risperidona e Aripiprazol, devendo ser levado em consideração que crianças com tal transtorno possuem maior chance de apresentar efeitos adversos. Outrossim, a deficiência na comunicação gera difícil controle de efeitos colaterais do medicamento, como tontura e boca seca. Conclusão: As manifestações clínicas do TEA variam em intensidade, devendo ter manejo do tratamento individualizado. Além disso, os medicamentos devem ser utilizados para tratar sintomas previamente identificados, os quais devem ser monitorados por escalas para avaliar a eficácia e adversidades do tratamento

Technology and implementation science to forge the future of evidence-based psychotherapies: the PRIDE scale-up study

Objective: To report the interim results from the training of providers in evidence-based psychotherapies (EBPs) and use of mobile applications. Design and setting: The Partnerships in Research to Implement and Disseminate Sustainable and Scalable Evidence (PRIDE) study is a cluster-randomised hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial comparing three delivery pathways for integrating comprehensive mental healthcare into primary care in Mozambique. Innovations include the use of EBPs and scaling-up of task-shifted mental health services using mobile applications. Main outcome measures: We examined EBP training attendance, certification, knowledge and intentions to deliver each component. We collected qualitative data through rapid ethnography and focus groups. We tracked the use of the mobile applications to investigate early reach of a valid screening tool (Electronic Mental Wellness Tool) and the roll out of the EBPs PARTICIPANTS: Psychiatric technicians and primary care providers trained in the EBPs. Results: PRIDE has trained 110 EBP providers, supervisors and trainers and will train 279 community health workers in upcoming months. The trainings improved knowledge about the EBPs and trainees indicated strong intentions to deliver the EBP core components. Trained providers began using the mobile applications and appear to identify cases and provide appropriate treatment. Conclusions: The future of EBPs requires implementation within existing systems of care with fidelity to their core evidence-based components. To sustainably address the vast mental health treatment gap globally, EBP implementation demands: expanding the mental health workforce by training existing human resources; sequential use of EBPs to comprehensively treat mental disorders and their comorbid presentations and leveraging digital screening and treatment applications. Keywords: adult psychiatry; anxiety disorders; depression & mood disorders; schizophrenia & psychotic disorders; substance misuse. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ

assunção de mecanismos alternativos de solução

In, THEMIS, Ano XVI - N º28/29 - 201

Analysis of Big Game Fishing Catches of Blue Marlin (Makaira nigricans) in the Madeira Archipelago (Eastern Atlantic) and Factors that Affect Its Presence

The archipelago of Madeira (Portugal) is one of the main European big game fishing locations, where the main target species is the blue marlin (Makaira nigricans). Catch data for these fish were used to analyze their presence over the years, estimate their average weights, and calculate annual fishing success rates. The results showed a marked seasonal effect, with higher average catch rates in summer (June–July), suggesting a migration from the equatorial waters they inhabit at the beginning of the year to northern areas when the waters become warmer. The influences of some environmental factors were analyzed using generalized additive models, and it was observed that the occurrence of blue marlin may be influenced by water temperature, wind, rain, and atmospheric pressure. This fishery did not register a high mortality rate in blue marlin specimens due to the usual practice of catch and release; individuals captured in this fishery can be used as a source of information that allows for follow-up on the status of the blue marlin population in the region

Starch-Based Pickering Emulsions as Platforms for Topical Antibiotic Delivery: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

The present study investigated a new approach to treat superficial skin infections by topical application of minocycline hydrochloride (MH) formulated in a novel starch-based Pickering emulsion (ASt-emulsions). The emulsions were fully characterized in terms of efficacy, as well as in vitro release and permeation studies. The emulsions provided a prolonged MH release, always above its minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus, although the drug did not permeate through the entire skin layer. The in vitro antibacterial activity of MHASt-emulsions against S. aureus was confirmed and their therapeutic efficacy was assessed using an in vitro skin-adapted agar diffusion test. In vivo antibacterial activity, evaluated using the tape-stripping infection model in mice, showed the topical administration of MH was effective against superficial infections caused by S. aureus. This study supports the potential of ASt-emulsions as promising platforms for topical antibiotic delivery, contributing to a new perspective on the treatment of superficial bacterial infections

Conhecimentos, atitudes e prácticas dos agentes comunitários de saúde sobre a epilepsia em Sofala, centro de Moçambique

Abstract: Background: Epilepsy is the most common neurological disease in the world, affecting 50 million people, with the majority living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A major focus of epilepsy treatment in LMICs has been task-sharing the identification and care for epilepsy by community health workers (CHWs). The present study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) of CHWs towards epilepsy in Mozambique. Methods: One hundred and thirty-five CHWs completed a questionnaire that included socio-demographic characteristics and 44-items divided into six subscales pertaining to KAPs towards epilepsy (QKAP-EPI) across nine districts of Sofala, Mozambique. The internal consistency was examined to evaluate the reliability of the instrument (QKAP-EPI). The association between sociodemographic variables and QKAP-EPI subscales was examined using linear regression models. Results: The internal consistency was moderate for two subscales (causes of epilepsy, α = 0.65; medical treatment, α = 0.694), acceptable for cultural treatment (α = 0.797) and excellent for 2 subscales (safety and risks, α = 0.926; negative attitudes, α = 0.904). Overall, CHWs demonstrated accurate epilepsy knowledge (medical treatment: mean = 1.63, SD = 0.28; safety/risks: mean = 1.62, SD = 0.59). However, CHWs reported inaccurate epilepsy knowledge of the causes, negative attitudes, as well as culturally specific treatments for epilepsy, such as: “if a person with epilepsy burns when set on fire they cannot be treated”. Knowl- edge about how to manage epileptic seizures varied across the different emergency care practices, from the accurate belief that it is not advisable to place objects in the individual’s mouth during an epileptic seizure, to the wrong perception of the need to hold the person in seizures to control seizures. Heterogeneity in the level of epilepsy knowledge was observed among CHWs, when consid- ering epilepsy according to the local names as treatable (“Dzumba”) and other forms as untreatable (“Nzwiti”). Conclusion: CHWs knowledge of medical treatment and epilepsy safety/risks were adequate. However, information on the causes of epilepsy, stigmatizing attitudes, cultural treatment, and some knowledge of epileptic seizure management were low. These areas of poor knowledge should be the focus of educating CHWs in increasing their ability to provide quality care for patients with epilepsy in Mozambique.Project 41—8th Call from the National Fund of Investigation in Mozambique (FNI), 2017

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved