261 research outputs found
Prospects for detection rate of very-high-energy {\gamma}-ray emissions from short {\gamma}-ray bursts with the HADAR experiment
The observation of short gamma ray bursts (SGRBs) in the TeV energy range
plays an important role in understanding the radiation mechanism and probing
new areas of physics such as Lorentz invariance violation. However, no SGRB has
been observed in this energy range due to the short duration of SGRBs and the
weakness of current experiments. New experiments with new technology are
required to detect sub-TeV SGRBs. In this work, we observe the very high energy
(VHE) -ray emissions from SGRBs and calculate the annual detection rate
with the High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation HADAR (HADAR)
experiment. First, a set of pseudo-SGRB samples is generated and checked using
the observations of Fermi-GBM, Fermi-LAT, and SWIFT measurements. The annual
detection rate is calculated from these SGRB samples based on the performance
of the HADAR instrument. As a result, the HADAR experiment can detect 0.5 SGRB
per year if the spectral break-off of -rays caused by the internal
absorption is larger than 100 GeV. For a GRB09010-like GRB in HADAR's view, it
should be possible to detect approximately 2000 photons considering the
internal absorption. With a time delay assumption due to the Lorentz invariance
violation effects, a simulated light curve of GRB090510 has evident energy
dependence. We hope that the HADAR experiment can perform the SGRB observations
and test our calculations in the future
Polyclonal rabbit anti-murine plasmacytoma cell globulins induce myeloma cells apoptosis and inhibit tumour growth in mice
Multiple myelomas (MMs) are etiologically heterogeneous and there are limited treatment options; indeed, current monoclonal antibody therapies have had limited success, so more effective antibodies are urgently needed. Polyclonal antibodies are a possible alternative because they target multiple antigens simultaneously. In this study, we produced polyclonal rabbit anti-murine plasmacytoma cell immunoglobulin (PAb) by immunizing rabbits with the murine plasmacytoma cell line MPC-11. The isolated PAb bound to plasma surface antigens in several MM cell lines, inhibited their proliferation as revealed by MTT assay, and induce apoptosis as indicated by flow cytometry, microscopic observation of apoptotic changes in morphology, and DNA fragmentation on agarose gels. The cytotoxicity of PAb on MPC-11 cell lines was both dose-dependent and time-dependent; PAb exerted a 50% inhibitory effect on MPC-11 cell viability at a concentration of 200Ā Āµg/ml in 48Ā h. Flow cytometry demonstrated that PAb treatment significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells (48.1%) compared with control IgG (8.3%). Apoptosis triggered by PAb was confirmed by activation of caspase-3, -8, and -9. Serial intravenous or intraperitoneal injections of PAb inhibited tumour growth and prolonged survival in mice bearing murine plasmacytoma, while TUNEL assay demonstrated that PAb induced statistically significant apoptosis (PĀ <Ā 0.05) compared to control treatments. We conclude that PAb is an effective agent for in vitro and in vivo induction of apoptosis in multiple myeloma and that exploratory clinical trials may be warranted
Corrigendum to: The TianQin project: current progress on science and technology
In the originally published version, this manuscript included an error related to indicating the corresponding author within the author list. This has now been corrected online to reflect the fact that author Jun Luo is the corresponding author of the article
Charlson comorbidity index helps predict the risk of mortality for patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy
Spatiotemporal patterns of water table fluctuations and evapotranspiration induced by riparian vegetation in a semiarid area
Improving Charge Separation in Cu<sub>2</sub>O/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/CoS Photocathodes by a Z-Scheme Heterojunction to Achieve Enhanced Performance and Photostability
3D bioactive composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
Bone is the second most commonly transplanted tissue worldwide, with over four million operations using bone grafts or bone substitute materials annually to treat bone defects. However, significant limitations affect current treatment options and clinical demand for bone grafts continues to rise due to conditions such as trauma, cancer, infection and arthritis. Developing bioactive three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds to support bone regeneration has therefore become a key area of focus within bone tissue engineering (BTE). A variety of materials and manufacturing methods including 3D printing have been used to create novel alternatives to traditional bone grafts. However, individual groups of materials including polymers, ceramics and hydrogels have been unable to fully replicate the properties of bone when used alone. Favourable material properties can be combined and bioactivity improved when groups of materials are used together in composite 3D scaffolds. This review will therefore consider the ideal properties of bioactive composite 3D scaffolds and examine recent use of polymers, hydrogels, metals, ceramics and bio-glasses in BTE. Scaffold fabrication methodology, mechanical performance, biocompatibility, bioactivity, and potential clinical translations will be discussed
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