916 research outputs found
Psilocybin occasioned mysticalâtype experiences
Objective
Research into psychedelic therapy models has shown promise for the treatment of specific psychiatric conditions. Mysticalâtype experiences occasioned by psilocybin have been correlated with therapeutic benefits and longâterm improvements in positive mental outlook and attitudes. This article aims to provide an overview of the topic, highlight strengths and weaknesses in current research, generate novel perspectives and discussion, and consider future avenues for research.
Design
This narrative review was designed to summarise and assess the state of research on psilocybin occasioned mysticalâtype experiences and applications for the treatment of specific psychiatric conditions.
Results
Contemporary methods on the quantification of mysticalâtype experiences and their acute subjective effects are discussed. Recent studies provide some understanding of the pharmacological actions of psychedelics although the neurological similarities and differences between spontaneous and psychedelic mysticalâtype experiences are not well described. Applicability to modern clinical settings is assessed. Potential novel therapeutic applications include use in positive psychology interventions in healthy individuals.
Conclusions
Since 2006 significant advancements in understanding the therapeutic potential of psilocybinâassisted psychotherapy have been made; however, more work is required to understand the neuromechanistic processes and applicability in modern clinical settings. Despite promising results in recent studies, funding issues for clinical trials, legal concerns and socioâcultural resistance provide a counterpoint to experimental evidence
HEG-DB: a database of predicted highly expressed genes in prokaryotic complete genomes under translational selection
The highly expressed genes database (HEG-DB) is a genomic database that includes the prediction of which genes are highly expressed in prokaryotic complete genomes under strong translational selection. The current version of the database contains general features for almost 200 genomes under translational selection, including the correspondence analysis of the relative synonymous codon usage for all genes, and the analysis of their highly expressed genes. For each genome, the database contains functional and positional information about the predicted group of highly expressed genes. This information can also be accessed using a search engine. Among other statistical parameters, the database also provides the Codon Adaptation Index (CAI) for all of the genes using the codon usage of the highly expressed genes as a reference set. The âPathway Tools Omics Viewerâ from the BioCyc database enables the metabolic capabilities of each genome to be explored, particularly those related to the group of highly expressed genes. The HEG-DB is freely available at http://genomes.urv.cat/HEG-DB
Els espais altimontans pirenaics orientals a l'Antiguitat : 10 anys d'estudis en arqueologia del paisatge del GIAP-ICAC
En aquest treball s'ofereix una panorĂ mica dels estudis realitzats pel Grup d'InvestigaciĂł en Arqueologia del Paisatge (GIAP) als espais altimontans pirenaics orientals en els darrers 10 anys. Des d'un enfocament multidisciplinari en el marc de l'arqueologia del paisatge, els resultats obtinguts permeten trencar amb la visiĂł tradicional d'aquestes Ă rees muntanyenques a l'Antiguitat, mostrant la seva intensa explotaciĂł i una forta antropitzaciĂł que ja comença en el perĂode NeolĂtic.This work offers an overview about the studies conducted by the Grup d'InvestigaciĂł en Arqueologia del Paisatge (GIAP) in the Eastern Pyrenees high mountain areas during the last ten years. From a multidisciplinary approach within the framework of landscape archaeology, the results obtained make it possible to break with the traditional vision of these mountainous areas in antiquity, showing their intense exploitation and strong anthropization, already beginning in the Neolithic period
ElaboraciĂł d'una guia sobre aprenentatge cooperatiu a la Universitat de Girona
Lâany 2009, lâInstitut de CiĂšncies de lâEducaciĂł Josep Pallach de la Universitat
de Girona va impulsar la creaciĂł de diverses Xarxes dâInnovaciĂł Docent
(XID). Aquestes xarxes agrupen professors de disciplines diverses que volen
compartir experiĂšncies relatives a la millora docent. Una dâaquestes xarxes
Ă©s la relativa a lâAprenentatge Cooperatiu (XIDAC). Es compon de vuit professors
que utilitzen aquest mĂštode dâaprenentatge a la seva docĂšncia. Un
dels seus objectius Ă©s produir una guia o petit manual sobre aprenentatge
cooperatiu (AC) a la UdG. Es tracta dâorientar els professors que vulguin posar-
lo en prĂ ctica, o que ja ho estiguin fent i necessitin un material de suport.
A la present comunicaciĂł es descriu el procĂ©s dâelaboraciĂł dâaquesta guia.
En primer lloc, sâexposen caracterĂstiques de la UdG que poden determinarne
en algun sentit el perfil i continguts. Després, es resumeixen els resultats
dâentrevistes amb professors que apliquen lâAC tot i no pertĂ nyer a la Xarxa.
A continuaciĂł, es resumeixen els resultats dâuna enquesta elaborada al professorat
de la UdG (actualment estĂ en fase de resposta). Amb posterioritat,
es fa una presentaciĂł general de la futura guia i es descriu breument un
exemple de fitxa dâactivitat dâAC. Finalment, es fa referĂšncia al procĂ©s de
debat obert de part dâaquests continguts a travĂ©s dâuna pĂ gina web, per tal
de recollir punts de vista externs i millorar la proposta.Peer Reviewe
Atopic dermatitis incidence and risk factors in young adults in Castellon (Spain): A prospective cohort study
Introduction:
There are few atopic dermatitis (AD) incidence cohort studies in young adults, the etiology of this disease remains obscure, and AD risk factors in adults are not well understood. The objective of this study was to estimate AD ten-year incidence and prevalence in a cohort of adolescent aged 14â16 at inception in Castellon province in Valencia Region, Spain and describe related risk factors.
Material and methods:
From 2002 to 2012, a population-based prospective cohort study was carried out. Questionnaires from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) were used with an additional questionnaire for related factors completed by participants and their parents, respectively, in 2002. In 2012 the same questionnaires were completed by the participantsâ through a telephone interview, and incidence and prevalence of AD were estimated. Directed acyclic graphs, Poisson regression and inverse probability weighted regression adjustment were used.
Results:
The participation rate was 79.5% (1435/1805) with AD lifetime prevalence of 34.9% and AD incidence of 13.5 per 1000 person years. Females presented higher prevalence and incidence than males. After adjustment significant risk factors were being female, history of asthma or allergic rhinitis, family history of AD, history of respiratory infections, history of bronchitis, history of pneumonia, history of sinusitis, and birthplace outside Castellon province. The highest AD population attributable risks were female, 30.3%, and history of respiratory infections 15.3%. Differences with AD childhood risk factors were found.
Conclusions:
AD incidence in our cohort was high and several risks factors were related to AD
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Search for lepton-flavour-violating decays of Higgs-like bosons.
A search is presented for a Higgs-like boson with mass in the range 45 to 195 GeV/c2 decaying into a muon and a tau lepton. The dataset consists of proton-proton interactions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV , collected by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2 fb-1 . The tau leptons are reconstructed in both leptonic and hadronic decay channels. An upper limit on the production cross-section multiplied by the branching fraction at 95% confidence level is set and ranges from 22 pb for a boson mass of 45 GeV/c2 to 4 pb for a mass of 195 GeV/c2
Observation of an Excited Bc+ State
Using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 8.5 fb-1 recorded by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of s=7, 8, and 13 TeV, the observation of an excited Bc+ state in the Bc+Ï+Ï- invariant-mass spectrum is reported. The observed peak has a mass of 6841.2±0.6(stat)±0.1(syst)±0.8(Bc+) MeV/c2, where the last uncertainty is due to the limited knowledge of the Bc+ mass. It is consistent with expectations of the Bcâ(2S31)+ state reconstructed without the low-energy photon from the Bcâ(1S31)+âBc+Îł decay following Bcâ(2S31)+âBcâ(1S31)+Ï+Ï-. A second state is seen with a global (local) statistical significance of 2.2Ï (3.2Ï) and a mass of 6872.1±1.3(stat)±0.1(syst)±0.8(Bc+) MeV/c2, and is consistent with the Bc(2S10)+ state. These mass measurements are the most precise to date
Study of decays to the final state and evidence for the decay
A study of decays is performed for the first time
using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0
collected by the LHCb experiment in collisions at centre-of-mass energies
of and TeV. Evidence for the decay
is reported with a significance of 4.0 standard deviations, resulting in the
measurement of
to
be .
Here denotes a branching fraction while and
are the production cross-sections for and mesons.
An indication of weak annihilation is found for the region
, with a significance of
2.4 standard deviations.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2016-022.html,
link to supplemental material inserted in the reference
Study of charmonium production in b -hadron decays and first evidence for the decay Bs0
Using decays to Ï-meson pairs, the inclusive production of charmonium states in b-hadron decays is studied with pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fbâ1, collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. Denoting byBC ⥠B(b â C X) Ă B(C â ÏÏ) the inclusive branching fraction of a b hadron to a charmonium state C that decays into a pair of Ï mesons, ratios RC1C2 ⥠BC1 /BC2 are determined as RÏc0ηc(1S) = 0.147 ± 0.023 ± 0.011, RÏc1ηc(1S) =0.073 ± 0.016 ± 0.006, RÏc2ηc(1S) = 0.081 ± 0.013 ± 0.005,RÏc1 Ïc0 = 0.50 ± 0.11 ± 0.01, RÏc2 Ïc0 = 0.56 ± 0.10 ± 0.01and Rηc(2S)ηc(1S) = 0.040 ± 0.011 ± 0.004. Here and below the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic.Upper limits at 90% confidence level for the inclusive production of X(3872), X(3915) and Ïc2(2P) states are obtained as RX(3872)Ïc1 < 0.34, RX(3915)Ïc0 < 0.12 andRÏc2(2P)Ïc2 < 0.16. Differential cross-sections as a function of transverse momentum are measured for the ηc(1S) andÏc states. The branching fraction of the decay B0s â ÏÏÏ is measured for the first time, B(B0s â ÏÏÏ) = (2.15±0.54±0.28±0.21B)Ă10â6. Here the third uncertainty is due to the branching fraction of the decay B0s â ÏÏ, which is used for normalization. No evidence for intermediate resonances is seen. A preferentially transverse Ï polarization is observed.The measurements allow the determination of the ratio of the branching fractions for the ηc(1S) decays to ÏÏ and p p asB(ηc(1S)â ÏÏ)/B(ηc(1S)â p p) = 1.79 ± 0.14 ± 0.32
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