Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

La famlia en el horizonte magisterial-teol\uf3gico de Amoris Laettitia

El presente trabajo se centra en la dimensi\uf3n teol\uf3gica de la Exhortaci\uf3n Amoris Laetitia con una referencia expl\uedcita al valor magisterial. Desde las consideraciones b\uedblica y espiritual del matrimonio y la familia, seg\ufan este documento magisterial, hace algunas consideraciones a esta dimensi\uf3n, dado que la primera pertenece a la fundamentaci\uf3n de la teolog\ueda y la segunda a una de sus dimensiones pr\ue1cticas. El contenido de la exhortaci\uf3n que directamente afecta a esta reflexi\uf3n aparece en la parte introductoria y en el cap\uedtulo cuarto y, como referencias indirectas, el capitulo quinto, el segundo y el noveno. La reflexi\uf3n se sit\ufaa en torno a las siguientes cuestiones: despu\ue9s de ver la cuesti\uf3n del lenguaje sobre la familia seg\ufan el Papa Francisco, estudia la relaci\uf3n fe y familia desde el \ue1mbito de la teolog\ueda, de la antropolog\ueda y de la preocupaci\uf3n social de Amoris Laetitia. El n\ufacleo y centro del trabajo aparece en el horizonte teol\uf3gico de esta exhortaci\uf3n magisterial en torno a tres dimensiones: eclesiol\uf3gica, cristol\uf3gica y Trinitaria. Al final, en forma de ap\ue9ndice, el autor entra en el debate cient\uedfico sobre la valoraci\uf3n magisterial de la mism