Rol del cirujano dentista en estado de catástrofe: dónde estamos y para dónde vamos.

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Distribuição e pontos de concentração de áreas de predação de tartarugas marinhas por onças pintadas em parque nacional da Costa Rica

A poorly described aspect of the trophic relation between sea turtles and jaguars is the distribution and hotspots of the feeding areas of jaguars on the nesting beaches. It is very important to identify the areas where sea turtles are predated because we could concentrate conservation and management efforts in these areas. Therefore, the aim of this work is to describe the spatial distribution and hotspots of the feeding areas of jaguars at Nancite beach, Santa Rosa National Park, Costa Rica. We recorded a total of 76 predated carapaces of sea turtles, of these, 54 (71%) were of Lepidochelys olivacea and 22 (29%) of Chelonia mydas. Two major feeding hotspots areas were identified within the Nancite beach. Both hotspots are located at the extremes of the beach, one is at the southern edge and the other is at the northern extreme. Human activity and the distribution of nesting turtles influence synergistically to determine the sites where the sea turtles are predated at Nancite beach. Based on the information of predation hotspots, the environmental authorities should regulate the monitoring activities within those areas to avoid interfering with the trophic relation between sea turtles and jaguars.Keywords: hunting area, jaguar predation, nesting beach, predatory behavior, human-wildlife interactions.Um aspecto pouco descrito da relação trófica entre tartarugas marinhas e onças pintadas é a distribuição e os pontos de acesso das áreas de alimentação de onças nas praias de nidificação. Identificar a área onde tartarugas marinhas são predadas é muito importante, porque podemos concentrar os esforços de conservação e de gestão nessas áreas. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é identificar a distribuição espacial e os hotspots das áreas de alimentação de onças pintadas na praia Nancite, Parque Nacional de Santa Rosa, Costa Rica. Registramos um total de 76 carapaças predadas de tartarugas marinhas, das quais 54 (71%) eram de Lepidochelys olivacea e 22 (29%) de Chelonia mydas. Duas grandes áreas de hotspots de alimentação foram identificadas na praia Nancite. Ambos os hotspots estão localizados nos extremos da praia, sendo um no extremo sul e o outro no extremo norte. A atividade humana e a distribuição de nidificação de tartarugas influenciam sinergicamente para determinar os locais onde as tartarugas marinhas são predadas na praia Nancite. Com base nas informações de hotspots de predação, as autoridades ambientais devem regular as atividades de monitoramento nessas áreas, para evitar interferências na relação trófica entre tartarugas marinhas e onças.Palavras-chave: área de caça, predação de onças, praia de nidificação, comportamento predatório, interações entre humanos e vida selvagem

Carta abierta condenando la crisis en curso y abordando los impactos ambientales y humanitarios en Palestina

Nosotres, biólogues, ecologistas y otres profesionales dedicados a proteger la vida, les escribimos con una solicitud urgente. Les pedimos muy comedidamente que su organización o institución emita un comunicado oficial condenando la crisis en curso y abordando los impactos ambientales y humanitarios en Palestina

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

XVI International Congress of Control Electronics and Telecommunications: "Techno-scientific considerations for a post-pandemic world intensive in knowledge, innovation and sustainable local development"

Este título, sugestivo por los impactos durante la situación de la Covid 19 en el mundo, y que en Colombia lastimosamente han sido muy críticos, permiten asumir la obligada superación de tensiones sociales, políticas, y económicas; pero sobre todo científicas y tecnológicas. Inicialmente, esto supone la existencia de una capacidad de la sociedad colombiana por recuperar su estado inicial después de que haya cesado la perturbación a la que fue sometida por la catastrófica pandemia, y superar ese anterior estado de cosas ya que se encontraban -y aún se encuentran- muchos problemas locales mal resueltos, medianamente resueltos, y muchos sin resolver: es decir, habrá que rediseñar y fortalecer una probada resiliencia social existente - producto del prolongado conflicto social colombiano superado parcialmente por un proceso de paz exitoso - desde la tecnociencia local; como lo indicaba Markus Brunnermeier - economista alemán y catedrático de economía de la Universidad de Princeton- en su libro The Resilient Society…La cuestión no es preveerlo todo sino poder reaccionar…aprender a recuperarse rápido.This title, suggestive of the impacts during the Covid 19 situation in the world, and which have unfortunately been very critical in Colombia, allows us to assume the obligatory overcoming of social, political, and economic tensions; but above all scientific and technological. Initially, this supposes the existence of a capacity of Colombian society to recover its initial state after the disturbance to which it was subjected by the catastrophic pandemic has ceased, and to overcome that previous state of affairs since it was found -and still is find - many local problems poorly resolved, moderately resolved, and many unresolved: that is, an existing social resilience test will have to be redesigned and strengthened - product of the prolonged Colombian social conflict partially overcome by a successful peace process - from local technoscience; As Markus Brunnermeier - German economist and professor of economics at Princeton University - indicates in his book The Resilient Society...The question is not to foresee everything but to be able to react...learn to recover quickly.Bogot

Frecuencia en la formación de hematomas intraorales con técnicas anestésicas tronculares mandibulares en pacientes en tratamiento con anticoagulantes orales

IntroductionOne of the main problems for the dentist is the possible complications after performing a trunk anesthetic technique. These complications can develop both in healthy patients and in patients with a systemic disease. Pathophysiological, patients undergoing treatment with oral anticoagulants (TACO), have a higher risk of bruising.According to the literature, the frequency of intraoral hematomas in mandibular anesthetic techniques in healthy patients is 10-15%, being a controversial issue for patients under treatment with oral anticoagulants, because there is not enough quality evidence on anesthetic techniques trunks in this type of patient.Objectives Determine the frequency of intraoral hematomas after performing mandibular trunk anesthetic techniques in patients treated with oral anticoagulants.Materials and methods: A pre-experimental, prospective, longitudinal study of 17 patients treated with oral anticoagulants, whose INR on the day of dental care was less than 3, who underwent mandibular trunk anesthetic techniques, was carried out. The immediate visual inspection confirmed the presence or absence of intraoral hematoma formation at the puncture site after performing the anesthetic technique, which was the indirect Spix technique of choice, respecting the indicated anatomical repairs.Results Of the 17 patients, 13 presented INR less than 3, who received mandibular trunk anesthetic technique, none presented intraoral hematoma formation at the puncture site (0%).Conclusion By respecting the anatomical parameters and presenting an INR between 2-3 in TACO patients, it is suggestive that trunk anesthetic techniques are not a procedure that particularly generates a higher frequency of hematomas in the population studied compared to the healthy population, without However, it is necessary to carry out studies whose population is greater than that of the present study. Keywords: Hematoma, oral anticoagulant, mandibular troncal anesthetic techniques, oral surgery, coagulation.Introducción: Una de las principales problemáticas para el odontólogo, son las posibles complicaciones tras realizar una técnica anestésica troncular. Estas complicaciones se pueden desarrollar tanto en pacientes sanos como en pacientes con alguna enfermedad sistémica. Fisiopatologicamente, los pacientes que se encuentran en tratamiento con anticoagulantes orales, presentan mayor riesgo de presentar hematomas.Según la literatura, la frecuencia de hematomas intraorales en técnicas anestésicas mandibulares en pacientes sanos es de un 10-15%, siendo un tema controversial para los pacientes bajo tratamiento con anticoagulante oral, debido a que no hay suficiente evidencia de calidad sobre las técnicas anestésicas tronculares en este tipo de paciente. Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de hematomas intraorales tras la realización de técnicas anestésicas tronculares mandibulares en pacientes en tratamiento con anticoagulante oral. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio pre-experimental, prospectivo, longitudinal de 17 pacientes en tratamiento con anticoagulante oral, cuyo INR del día de la atención dental fuese menor a 3, los cuales fueron sometidos a técnicas anestésicas tronculares mandibulares. Mediante la inspección visual inmediata se consignó la presencia o no de formación de hematomas intraorales en el sitio de punción tras realizar la técnica anestésica, la cual fue de elección la Spix indirecta, respetando los reparos anatómicos indicados. Resultados: De 17 pacientes, 13 presentaron INR menor a 3, los cuales recibieron técnica anestésica troncular mandibular, ninguno presento formación de hematoma intraoral en el sitio de punción (0 %). Conclusión: Al respetar los parámetros anatómicos y presentando un INR entre 2-3 en pacientes TACO, es sugerente de que las técnicas anestésicas tronculares, no son un procedimiento que particularmente genere mayor frecuencia de hematomas en la población estudiada respecto a la población sana, sin embargo, es necesario estudios cuya población participe sea mayor al del presente estudio. Palabras clave: Hematoma, anticoagulante oral, técnica anestésica troncular mandibular, cirugía oral, coagulación