Aplicação de Sensoriamento Remoto na análise das mudanças da vegetação de campos de altitude no Pantanal usando dados multitemporais Landsat. e2321497

Due to the cold climate and altitude, to identify trends in the dynamic vegetation and the main factors that contribute to changes in vegetation cover in grassland areas is essential to understand climate change in mountainous regions. Landsat-8 OLI and Landsat-1 MSS images from 1973 to 2022 of Morraria do Urucum and Serra do Amolar were pre-processed in the GEE cloud platform and QGIS. The resampling method per pixel in the scale of values defined for vegetation Campos de Altitude was used to show changes in vegetation cover and its dynamics through the NDVI index. In both study areas, a continuous trend of significant reduction of vegetation in highland grasslands was observed over 50 years. The average decrease was 49% for Urucum (less 2,164 hectares) and 43% for Amolar (less 3,959 hectares). The use of GHG to obtain remote sensing data combined with temporal image analysis offers the potential to quickly perceive trends in large-and small-scale vegetation cover chang

Síndrome de Mobius: Morbius syndrome

Introdução: A Síndrome de Moebius (SM) é uma desordem neurológica congênita rara cuja principal característica é a paralisia parcial ou completa do nervo facial, podendo ainda, ser acompanhada pela paralisia de outros nervos cranianos. Apresentação do caso: J.F.F.R., 15 meses e 21 dias, sexo masculino, brasileiro, em acompanhamento na Unidade Básica de Saúde Jairo Ferreira de Castro após contra-referência de pediatra particular por apresentar dificuldade em sugar, fechamento incompleto das pálpebras durante o sono, hipomimia da face, desvio de rima à esquerda, estrabismo convergente e hipoplasia da língua. Discussão: De diagnóstico essencialmente clínico, dentre as principais manifestações dessa doença destacam-se: sucção deficiente ou ausente devido ao fechamento incompleto dos lábios; falta de mímica facial; olhar fixo; fechamento incompleto das pálpebras durante o sono e ptose palpebral. A etiologia desta síndrome ainda não está bem estabelecida. Porém, existem algumas hipóteses descritas como lesões hipóxico-isquêmicas no início da gestação, trauma gestacional, exposição a drogas e componentes genéticos. Conclusão: Evidencia-se a importância do manejo interdisciplinar para a introdução precoce e contínua de reabilitação física para os distúrbios do movimento; fonoaudiologia para os déficits das funções motoras orais e intervenção psicomotora devido às dificuldades de coordenação visomotora

Síndrome de Turcot, um relato de caso: Turcot syndrome, a case report

Introdução: A síndrome da polipose intestinal associada a tumor cerebral é também conhecida como síndrome de Turcot. As manifestações intestinais nesta síndrome são idênticas àquelas encontradas na PAF, e os tumores do SNC nela descritos são frequentemente astrocitomas, glioblastomas e meduloblastomas. Apresentação do caso: paciente do sexo feminino, branca, com 16 anos de idade, que deu entrada em outubro de 1990, na Enfermaria do Serviço de Colon e Reto da Disciplina de Cirurgia do Aparelho Digestivo do HC, FMUSP, com queixa de tumoração na região anal há dois anos, acompanhada de sangramento. Havia sido submetida a hemorroidectomia há um ano. O exame colonoscópico mostrou pólipo séssil de 2cm localizado a 10cm do ânus. Discussão: A síndrome de Turcot é uma doença hereditária rara, caracterizada pela associação de polipose adenomatosa familiar, com tumores do sistema nervoso central. Os pólipos são as neoplasias mais comuns do trato digestivo, podem ser únicos ou múltiplos, hereditários ou adquiridos. Geralmente, são assintomáticos e podem ser diagnosticados por meio da retossigmoidoscopia, enema ou colonoscopia, através de um pólipo e seu estudo histopatológico. Conclusão: A importância da identificação precoce, do acompanhamento e aconselhamento de famílias que apresentam essa síndrome é de fundamental importância para o prognóstico e tratamento das lesões, visto que as modificações e reversões das estruturas genéticas que promovem a doença em específico ainda não são passíveis de reversão

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt