Protagonismo de jovens com Síndrome de Down em campanha de prevenção ao SARS-CoV-2

COVID-19 disease is caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It has a variable clinic, from asymptomatic infections to severe respiratory conditions. People with Down Syndrome (DS) are a risk group for evolution with the severe form of COVID-19, because due to the genetic alteration of trisomy of chromosome 21, they may have immune system deficiency, heart disease, and anatomical changes in the respiratory system. Then, a COVID-19 prevention campaign was developed in a population with DS and intellectual disability, addressing the promotion of understanding the pandemic, the stimulation of new hygiene habits, the practice of physical exercises, healthy eating and the maintenance of mental health during social distance. It also points to the concept of self-determination, in which the population with DS is the protagonist of their own lives, encouraging these young people to make decisions and enjoy an environment in which they have social participation, to reduce the culture of exclusion in which they are submitted. Therefore, the insertion in the current scenario is proven. Structured in videos, an animation with general information about the pandemic and the others videos led by young people attending the Down Syndrome Foundation (FSD), focused on their inclusion, capacity, autonomy and empowerment. In these videos the importance of social distance and how to stay healthy during quarantine is addressed. The pioneering spirit of the COVID-19 prevention project for people with DS, who are the protagonists of the prevention campaign for their peers, obtained significant attention from the media. The goal of visibility for the Down population is reached, promoting their ability to social awareness.A doença COVID-19 é causada pelo novo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2. Apresenta clínica variável, desde infecções assintomáticas até quadros respiratórios graves. Portadores de Síndrome de Down (SD) são grupo de risco para evolução com a forma grave da COVID-19, pois devido à alteração genética de trissomia do cromossomo 21, podem possuir deficiência do sistema imunológico, cardiopatias e alterações anatômicas do sistema respiratório. Desenvolveu-se, então, uma campanha de prevenção a COVID-19 em população com SD e deficiência intelectual, abordando a promoção do entendimento da pandemia, a estimulação de novos hábitos de higiene, a prática de exercícios físicos, a alimentação saudável e a manutenção da saúde mental durante o distanciamento social. Sinaliza-se também para o conceito de autodeterminação, em que a população com SD é protagonista de suas próprias vidas, estimulando os jovens a tomarem decisões e usufruírem de um ambiente no qual eles tenham participação social, para reduzir a cultura de exclusão a qual são submetidos. Prova-se, portanto, a inserção no cenário atual. Estruturada em vídeos, uma animação com informações gerais sobre a pandemia e os demais protagonizados por jovens frequentadores da Fundação Síndrome de Down (FSD), focados na sua inclusão, capacidade, autonomia e empoderamento. Nestes vídeos, é abordada a importância do distanciamento social e como se manter saudável durante a quarentena. O pioneirismo do projeto de prevenção a COVID-19 para pessoas com SD, sendo essas protagonistas da campanha de prevenção para já seus pares, obteve expressiva atenção das mídias de comunicação. Então, atinge-se o objetivo de visibilidade à população Down promovendo sua capacidade em conscientização social

Guidance for Down syndrome population on prevention of SARS-CoV-2 and the empowering promotion their protagonist in the campaing

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 is an etiology response to cause COVID-19. A variable clinic disease classify as pandemic by the Word Health Organization. People with Down Syndrome (DS) are part of the risk group with a severe evolution form of COVID-19, because of the genetic alteration that’s caused a trisomy of chromosome 21, then may have immune system deficiency, heart disease, anatomical changes - even at respiratory system, and metabolics changes. A prevention campaign on cardiovascular risk was developed, but analyzing the circumstances was decided developed a campaign focus on people with intellectual disability, especifc to DS persons, to prevent COVID-19. Aimed they understand about the pandemic, the stimulation of hygiene habits, the practice of physical exercises, the healthy eating habit and the status of mental health during social distance. And focus on the goal of self-determination, in being the protagonist of their own lives, encouraging make decisions to go against the health promotion, not just on COVID-19 situation, but even on prevention cardiovascular disease, which this public are prone to have. The capacity to discuss and enjoy an actual environment in which they are part and be able for social participation is an important way to reduce the culture of exclusion, that they’re submitted in various aspects.Methodology: Structured in videos, booklet, and animation the knolleged for DS and they’re coexistence circle accost the DS specificities and the general information about the pandemic disease. Most of the videos are led by young people attended at Down Syndrome Foundation (FSD), focused on their inclusion, capacity, autonomy and empowerment. These videos addressed the importance of stay home and healthy during quarantine, and what do for it. The pioneering spirit of the COVID-19 prevention project for people with DS, occupying a protagonist’s place, obtained significant attention from the media. Results: The goal of visibility for the Down population is reached, promoting their ability to social awareness. In addition people without DS can, also, learn from the message and apply the prevention habits daily. A complete analyzation under people reached is not possible once the media used do not have the resource available, as radio and social mídia. Discussion: Even with the viral behavior of the material campaign, an important limitation is the lack of autonomy that remains in target people to research or access the developed content. Even because the circumstances not allowed the group to activate search for them. The extension group is composed by a professor doctor and university extension academics, graduates in journalism, medicine, psychology, physiotherapy, nutrition and occupational therapy courses; with support from tutors: doctors, nutritionist, physical educators, communicators, psychologist. And with the support from audio visual volunteer and designers. Featuring an interdisciplinary and volunteer team. With Down Syndrome Foundation and Brazilian Society of Cardiology support. The project not demanded any financial involvement or physical resources.Media publications were based on their interest to inform. So there is no interest conflicts on this campaign.Conclusion: The success was considered by having no young person on FSD contaminated with COVID-19, until the last research

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved