Manejo De Miedo, Estrategias De Afrontamiento Y Cultura Ciudadana Para Prevención De La Violencia

In this study, an intervention program was designed and evaluated. This paper focuses on identifying beliefs, perceptions, and negative attitudes in the group, in order to continue with the promotion of positive socialemotional coping and the reduction of social fear. This, however, would help to elevate the behaviors of citizen participation and to inhibit antisocial behaviors. A sample of 47 women and 5 men, a total of 52 students from 17 to 21 years, were trained by means of didactic skill of cases and training in conflict management for a period of 11 weeks in a weekend modality. A quasiexperiment was designed using repeated measures, pretest-interventionpostest, and a control group. As a result, an increase in culture and citizen participation was found in the treatment group after 44 hours of intervention. Qualitative data indicate findings regarding group cognitive relations, assertive coping strategies in conflicting social situations, ability to analyze negative feelings, and a decrease in antisocial behavior

Análisis Factorial Exploratorio de la Escala Para Sucesos Traumáticos Colectivos (TEPT), Para Juventudes en Escenarios Violentos

Una amplia serie de síntomas en grupos de jóvenes, que pueden ser etiquetados como "rasgos colectivos", sugieren la necesidad de explorar y validar un instrumento de evaluación para jóvenes en vulnerabilidad social, con un alto nivel de ansiedad social y estrés postraumático ante la exposición directa e indirecta al delito. En un contexto de alto impacto, y afrontamiento físico-afectivo asociado al trastorno de estrés postraumático, las reacciones prototípicas del trastorno al igual que particularidades sui generis de carácter contextual configuraron dichos rasgos en nuestra muestra. La validación se realizó en las ciudades de Chihuahua y Cd Juárez, Chihuahua, a una muestra de 396 jóvenes, 178 hombres y 218 mujeres, con edad media de 19.5 (DE=1.24), pertenecientes a instituciones universitarias públicas y privadas, de las cuales 54.2% eran públicas. Gracias al muestreo por conglomerados y la selección aleatoria, las mediciones se recabaron durante un periodo de cuatro meses. El 37.25% del total de la varianza, corresponde a síntomas de: angustia-desesperanza. Un segundo factor explica el 10.42% del total de la varianza referente a sintomatología de reexperimentación-somatización. Un 5.59% del total de varianza hace referencia a síntomas de aislamiento social, y el cuarto factor explica el 5.30% de varianza total, que constata evitación en la muestra. Finalmente, un quinto factor explica el 4.44% del total de la varianza, referente a la hipervigilancia. La escala de estrés postraumático colectivo para eventos traumáticos en su análisis factorial exploratorio indica índices de confiabilidad que la convierten en un instrumento confiable en la medición de rasgos traumáticos colectivos para jóvenes en situación de violencia. A wide range of symptoms found in youth groups, which can be labeled as "collective traits", suggest the need to explore and validate an assessment tool for these groups and those in social vulnerability. This is with high levels of social anxiety and posttraumatic stress in the face of direct and indirect exposure to crime. In the context of high-impact crimes and physioemotional coping associated with PTSD, the prototypical reactions of the disorder, coupled with sui generis contextual characteristic traits, configured our exploratory sample. Validation of the instrument was conducted in the cities of Chihuahua and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, on a sample of 396 young people (178 men and 218 women with a mean age of 19.5 (SD = 1.24)), belonging to public and private academic institutions, in which 54.2% belonged to public institutions. Cluster sampling, random selection, and measurements were collected during a period of four months. The 37.25% of the total variance corresponds to symptoms of anguish-despair. A second factor explained 10.42% of the total variance with five items with symptomatology of reexperimentation-somatization. A 5.59% of the total variance also includes symptoms of social isolation. The fourth factor explained 5.30% of variance, with items about avoidance. In addition, a fifth factor explained 4.44% of the total variance, referring to hypervigilance. The collective post-traumatic stress scale for traumatic events in this exploratory factor analysis indicated reliability indices that guarantee a reliable instrument in the measurement of collective traumatic traits for youths in situations of violence

LabKey Server: An open source platform for scientific data integration, analysis and collaboration

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Broad-based collaborations are becoming increasingly common among disease researchers. For example, the Global HIV Enterprise has united cross-disciplinary consortia to speed progress towards HIV vaccines through coordinated research across the boundaries of institutions, continents and specialties. New, end-to-end software tools for data and specimen management are necessary to achieve the ambitious goals of such alliances. These tools must enable researchers to organize and integrate heterogeneous data early in the discovery process, standardize processes, gain new insights into pooled data and collaborate securely.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>To meet these needs, we enhanced the LabKey Server platform, formerly known as CPAS. This freely available, open source software is maintained by professional engineers who use commercially proven practices for software development and maintenance. Recent enhancements support: (i) Submitting specimens requests across collaborating organizations (ii) Graphically defining new experimental data types, metadata and wizards for data collection (iii) Transitioning experimental results from a multiplicity of spreadsheets to custom tables in a shared database (iv) Securely organizing, integrating, analyzing, visualizing and sharing diverse data types, from clinical records to specimens to complex assays (v) Interacting dynamically with external data sources (vi) Tracking study participants and cohorts over time (vii) Developing custom interfaces using client libraries (viii) Authoring custom visualizations in a built-in R scripting environment.</p> <p>Diverse research organizations have adopted and adapted LabKey Server, including consortia within the Global HIV Enterprise. Atlas is an installation of LabKey Server that has been tailored to serve these consortia. It is in production use and demonstrates the core capabilities of LabKey Server. Atlas now has over 2,800 active user accounts originating from approximately 36 countries and 350 organizations. It tracks roughly 27,000 assay runs, 860,000 specimen vials and 1,300,000 vial transfers.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Sharing data, analysis tools and infrastructure can speed the efforts of large research consortia by enhancing efficiency and enabling new insights. The Atlas installation of LabKey Server demonstrates the utility of the LabKey platform for collaborative research. Stable, supported builds of LabKey Server are freely available for download at <url>http://www.labkey.org</url>. Documentation and source code are available under the Apache License 2.0.</p

L-Plastin nanobodies perturb matrix degradation, podosome formation, stability and lifetime in THP-1 macrophages

Podosomes are cellular structures acting as degradation ‘hot-spots’ in monocytic cells. They appear as dot-like structures at the ventral cell surface, enriched in F-actin and actin regulators, including gelsolin and L-plastin. Gelsolin is an ubiquitous severing and capping protein, whereas L-plastin is a leukocyte-specific actin bundling protein. The presence of the capping protein CapG in podosomes has not yet been investigated. We used an innovative approach to investigate the role of these proteins in macrophage podosomes by means of nanobodies or Camelid single domain antibodies. Nanobodies directed against distinct domains of gelsolin, L-plastin or CapG were stably expressed in macrophage-like THP-1 cells. CapG was not enriched in podosomes. Gelsolin nanobodies had no effect on podosome formation or function but proved very effective in tracing distinct gelsolin populations. One gelsolin nanobody specifically targets actin-bound gelsolin and was effectively enriched in podosomes. A gelsolin nanobody that blocks gelsolin-G-actin interaction was not enriched in podosomes demonstrating that the calcium-activated and actin-bound conformation of gelsolin is a constituent of podosomes. THP-1 cells expressing inhibitory L-plastin nanobodies were hampered in their ability to form stable podosomes. Nanobodies did not perturb Ser5 phosphorylation of L-plastin although phosphorylated L-plastin was highly enriched in podosomes. Furthermore, nanobody-induced inhibition of L-plastin function gave rise to an irregular and unstable actin turnover of podosomes, resulting in diminished degradation of the underlying matrix. Altogether these results indicate that L-plastin is indispensable for podosome formation and function in macrophages

Genetic mechanisms of critical illness in COVID-19.

Host-mediated lung inflammation is present1, and drives mortality2, in the critical illness caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Host genetic variants associated with critical illness may identify mechanistic targets for therapeutic development3. Here we report the results of the GenOMICC (Genetics Of Mortality In Critical Care) genome-wide association study in 2,244 critically ill patients with COVID-19 from 208 UK intensive care units. We have identified and replicated the following new genome-wide significant associations: on chromosome 12q24.13 (rs10735079, P = 1.65 × 10-8) in a gene cluster that encodes antiviral restriction enzyme activators (OAS1, OAS2 and OAS3); on chromosome 19p13.2 (rs74956615, P = 2.3 × 10-8) near the gene that encodes tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2); on chromosome 19p13.3 (rs2109069, P = 3.98 ×  10-12) within the gene that encodes dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9); and on chromosome 21q22.1 (rs2236757, P = 4.99 × 10-8) in the interferon receptor gene IFNAR2. We identified potential targets for repurposing of licensed medications: using Mendelian randomization, we found evidence that low expression of IFNAR2, or high expression of TYK2, are associated with life-threatening disease; and transcriptome-wide association in lung tissue revealed that high expression of the monocyte-macrophage chemotactic receptor CCR2 is associated with severe COVID-19. Our results identify robust genetic signals relating to key host antiviral defence mechanisms and mediators of inflammatory organ damage in COVID-19. Both mechanisms may be amenable to targeted treatment with existing drugs. However, large-scale randomized clinical trials will be essential before any change to clinical practice

Shared genetic origin of asthma, hay fever and eczema elucidates allergic disease biology

Asthma, hay fever (or allergic rhinitis) and eczema (or atopic dermatitis) often coexist in the same individuals, partly because of a shared genetic origin. To identify shared risk variants, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS; n = 360,838) of a broad allergic disease phenotype that considers the presence of any one of these three diseases. We identified 136 independent risk variants (P < 3 × 10-8), including 73 not previously reported, which implicate 132 nearby genes in allergic disease pathophysiology. Disease-specific effects were detected for only six variants, confirming that most represent shared risk factors. Tissue-specific heritability and biological process enrichment analyses suggest that shared risk variants influence lymphocyte-mediated immunity. Six target genes provide an opportunity for drug repositioning, while for 36 genes CpG methylation was found to influence transcription independently of genetic effects. Asthma, hay fever and eczema partly coexist because they share many genetic risk variants that dysregulate the expression of immune-related genes

A Large-Scale Genetic Analysis Reveals a Strong Contribution of the HLA Class II Region to Giant Cell Arteritis Susceptibility

We conducted a large-scale genetic analysis on giant cell arteritis (GCA), a polygenic immune-mediated vasculitis. A case-control cohort, comprising 1,651 case subjects with GCA and 15,306 unrelated control subjects from six different countries of European ancestry, was genotyped by the Immunochip array. We also imputed HLA data with a previously validated imputation method to perform a more comprehensive analysis of this genomic region. The strongest association signals were observed in the HLA region, with rs477515 representing the highest peak (p = 4.05 × 10−40, OR = 1.73). A multivariate model including class II amino acids of HLA-DRβ1 and HLA-DQα1 and one class I amino acid of HLA-B explained most of the HLA association with GCA, consistent with previously reported associations of classical HLA alleles like HLA-DRB1∗04. An omnibus test on polymorphic amino acid positions highlighted DRβ1 13 (p = 4.08 × 10−43) and HLA-DQα1 47 (p = 4.02 × 10−46), 56, and 76 (both p = 1.84 × 10−45) as relevant positions for disease susceptibility. Outside the HLA region, the most significant loci included PTPN22 (rs2476601, p = 1.73 × 10−6, OR = 1.38), LRRC32 (rs10160518, p = 4.39 × 10−6, OR = 1.20), and REL (rs115674477, p = 1.10 × 10−5, OR = 1.63). Our study provides evidence of a strong contribution of HLA class I and II molecules to susceptibility to GCA. In the non-HLA region, we confirmed a key role for the functional PTPN22 rs2476601 variant and proposed other putative risk loci for GCA involved in Th1, Th17, and Treg cell function

Student Perceptions of an Undergraduate Nutrition Peer Mentoring Program

Background: Peer mentoring programs help students navigate challenges and stressors in their undergraduate education. There is minimal research on the effectiveness of these programs in nutrition and dietetics. Objective: The objective was to explore the perceptions of student mentors and mentees in an undergraduate nutrition peer mentoring program. Design: This qualitative research study utilized thematic analysis of student reflection papers. One hundred students were contacted via email to provide consent to review reflection papers. Reflection papers were collected from 33 students: 11 mentees and 22 mentors. Papers were imported into NVivo qualitative analysis software and coded for themes. Participants: Thirty-three undergraduate students enrolled in Careers in Nutrition and Dietetics (lower division course) and Nutrition Capstone (upper division course) during 2022 provided consent for reflection papers to be analyzed. Eleven students in the lower division course had been mentees, 22 in the upper division course had been mentors. Analysis: Reflection papers were imported into NVivo software. Each paper was randomly assigned to two researchers, reviewed, and coded for themes. Results: Three domains were identified—perceived benefits, perceived challenges, and suggestions. Perceived benefits included the themes relationships, advice, coping, and personal growth. Scheduling, incompatibility, and lack of confidence were themes within perceived challenges. Mentors suggested program improvement in structure and student compatibility. Conclusions and relevance: Findings suggest students valued participation in the peer mentoring program and would be interested in a longer mentoring experience