Conditional linear-optical measurement schemes generate effective photon nonlinearities

We provide a general approach for the analysis of optical state evolution under conditional measurement schemes, and identify the necessary and sufficient conditions for such schemes to simulate unitary evolution on the freely propagating modes. If such unitary evolution holds, an effective photon nonlinearity can be identified. Our analysis extends to conditional measurement schemes more general than those based solely on linear optics.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figure

Creation of maximally entangled photon-number states using optical fiber multiports

We theoretically demonstrate a method for producing the maximally path-entangled state (1/Sqrt[2]) (|N,0> + exp[iN phi] |0,N>) using intensity-symmetric multiport beamsplitters, single photon inputs, and either photon-counting postselection or conditional measurement. The use of postselection enables successful implementation with non-unit efficiency detectors. We also demonstrate how to make the same state more conveniently by replacing one of the single photon inputs by a coherent state.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. REVTeX4. Replaced with published versio

Conditional generation of arbitrary multimode entangled states of light with linear optics

We propose a universal scheme for the probabilistic generation of an arbitrary multimode entangled state of light with finite expansion in Fock basis. The suggested setup involves passive linear optics, single photon sources, strong coherent laser beams, and photodetectors with single-photon resolution. The efficiency of this setup may be greatly enhanced if, in addition, a quantum memory is available.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Influence of innovation capability and customer experience on reputation and loyalty

This research employs complexity theory to understand the effect of innovation capability and customer experience on reputation and loyalty. In addition, it aims to investigate the contribution of consumer demographics to such relationships. To this end, this paper recognizes effective and intellectual experiences as key elements of customer experience to propose a conceptual framework with research propositions. To examine the research propositions, this study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) using a sample of 606 consumers of international retail brands. The findings contribute to academic literature on innovation, customer and brand management. It also provides guidelines for managers to create customer value by deploying technical innovation capability (new services, service operations and technology) and non-technical innovation capability (management, sales, and marketing) together in a retail environment. Furthermore, it reflects on the linkage between the consumer shopping experience and firm reputation and loyalty

Cues adopted by consumers in examining corporate website favorability: an empirical study of financial institutions in the UK and Russia

The purpose of this paper is to explore, reconcile and depict corporate website favorability (CWF), its antecedents and consequences in the financial setting in the UK and Russia context. To achieve the goals of this study, the research adopted a mixed method research design by using a survey, which is supported by insights from in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Structural equation modeling (SEM) were applied to gain insight into the various influences and relationships. The paper develops and empirically validates the framework of CWF antecedents and consequences. The paper indicates essential guidance for cross-functional managers and designers regarding the integrated and holistic utilization of building favorable corporate websites as part of the corporate identity management. The paper adds to the understanding of CWF and discusses the antecedents of CWF by drawing upon the existing literature. Furthermore, it offers possible consequences of CWF and provides a framework for future testing

Analysis and Control of an Unstable Mode in a Combustor with Tuneable End Condition

A major problem in the development of low-pollution combustion systems are thermo-acoustic instabilities, i.e. large-amplitude oscillations generated by a feedback between the unsteady heat release and acoustic waves. In order to develop robust control strategies, it is necessary to have a predictive model that captures the physics of the phenomenon. The aim of this paper is to present such a model for a dump combustor with a generic heat release law, and fitted at the inlet end with a perforated plate backed by a tuneable cavity. Our model leads to a simple governing equation for one acoustic mode in the combustor, and from this equation stability predictions can be made with a minimum of numerical effort. We will use it to examine the effect of various system parameters

Risk for Retinitis in Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Can Be Assessed by Quantitation of Threshold Levels of Cytomegalovirus DNA Burden in Blood

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a significant clinical problem. Seventy-five patients with CD4 T cell counts or =320 in white blood cells or > or =32 in plasma (P = .001), particularly when sustained (P = .005 and .008, respectively), distinguished patients who developed retinitis from those who remained free of disease. Progression to retinitis was not consistently accompanied by increases in CMV burden, indicating that quantitation of CMV burden beyond threshold levels is not necessary to predict risk for development of retinitis. Virus isolation from WBC, but not urine, was also significantly associated with risk for retinitis (P = .001)