146 research outputs found
Complex Functional Maps : a Conformal Link Between Tangent Bundles
International audienceIn this paper, we introduce complex functional maps, which extend the functional map framework to conformal maps between tangent vector fields on surfaces. A key property of these maps is their orientation awareness. More specifically, we demonstrate that unlike regular functional maps that link functional spaces of two manifolds, our complex functional maps establish a link between oriented tangent bundles, thus permitting robust and efficient transfer of tangent vector fields. By first endowing and then exploiting the tangent bundle of each shape with a complex structure, the resulting operations become naturally orientationaware, thus favoring orientation and angle preserving correspondence across shapes, without relying on descriptors or extra regularization. Finally, and perhaps more importantly, we demonstrate how these objects enable several practical applications within the functional map framework. We show that functional maps and their complex counterparts can be estimated jointly to promote orientation preservation, regularizing pipelines that previously suffered from orientation-reversing symmetry errors
About the Effect on the Airfoil Wake Induced by Periodic Mobile Flap
The flow in the wake of an aerodynamic airfoil gives us information about the flow pattern that generates the aerodynamic forces. This wake will depend not only on the geometry of the model, but also on the characteristics of the incident flow. If the airfoil has a flow control system, it can modify the characteristics of the resulting flow field. The wake turbulence in this case will be modified. In the near wake, it will be possible to study the mechanisms of generation and vortex shedding, while the analysis of the distant wake provides us with information on the general fluid-dynamic field resulting from the aero-dynamic forces. The objective of the present work is to study the develop of the fluid-dynamic structures found in the NACA 4412 airfoil wake, as well as the development of the same structures when flow control techniques are applied by means of an oscillating Gurney Flap place in the lower surface of the wing model, close to the trailing edge. The flow control system was set at different frequencies. In order to study the effect of the control mechanism on the wake, hot wire anemometry techniques were used. Two components of the velocity vector were measured - longitudinal and vertical by means of a vertical array of three sensors acquiring simultaneously. Velocity fluctuations will be analyzed, as well as turbulence intensities, integral scales and flow energy, in order to quantify the turbulent wake generated and understand the mechanisms involved in its generation.Fil: Marañon Di Leo, Julio. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Aeronáutica. Laboratorio de Capa LÃmite y FluÃdo Dinámica Ambiental; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Delnero, Juan Sebastian. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Aeronáutica. Laboratorio de Capa LÃmite y FluÃdo Dinámica Ambiental; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Echapresto Garay, Iban. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Aeronáutica. Laboratorio de Capa LÃmite y FluÃdo Dinámica Ambiental; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Gamarra, Ariel Nicolas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Aeronáutica. Laboratorio de Capa LÃmite y FluÃdo Dinámica Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Mantelli, Pablo Marcelo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Aeronáutica. Laboratorio de Capa LÃmite y FluÃdo Dinámica Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Donati, Javier. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Aeronáutica. Laboratorio de Capa LÃmite y FluÃdo Dinámica Ambiental; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentin
Pressure dependence of diffusion in simple glasses and supercooled liquids
Using molecular dynamics simulation, we have calculated the pressure
dependence of the diffusion constant in a binary Lennard-Jones Glass. We
observe four temperature regimes. The apparent activation volume drops from
high values in the hot liquid to a plateau value. Near the critical temperature
of the mode coupling theory it rises steeply, but in the glassy state we find
again small values, similar to the ones in the liquid. The peak of the
activation volume at the critical temperature is in agreement with the
prediction of mode coupling theory
Transitions between Inherent Structures in Water
The energy landscape approach has been useful to help understand the dynamic
properties of supercooled liquids and the connection between these properties
and thermodynamics. The analysis in numerical models of the inherent structure
(IS) trajectories -- the set of local minima visited by the liquid -- offers
the possibility of filtering out the vibrational component of the motion of the
system on the potential energy surface and thereby resolving the slow
structural component more efficiently. Here we report an analysis of an IS
trajectory for a widely-studied water model, focusing on the changes in
hydrogen bond connectivity that give rise to many IS separated by relatively
small energy barriers. We find that while the system \emph{travels} through
these IS, the structure of the bond network continuously modifies, exchanging
linear bonds for bifurcated bonds and usually reversing the exchange to return
to nearly the same initial configuration. For the 216 molecule system we
investigate, the time scale of these transitions is as small as the simulation
time scale ( fs). Hence for water, the transitions between each of
these IS is relatively small and eventual relaxation of the system occurs only
by many of these transitions. We find that during IS changes, the molecules
with the greatest displacements move in small ``clusters'' of 1-10 molecules
with displacements of nm, not unlike simpler liquids.
However, for water these clusters appear to be somewhat more branched than the
linear ``string-like'' clusters formed in a supercooled Lennar d-Jones system
found by Glotzer and her collaborators.Comment: accepted in PR
Slow nonequilibrium dynamics: parallels between classical and quantum glasses and gently driven systems
We review an scenario for the non-equilibrium dynamics of glassy systems that
has been motivated by the exact solution of simple models. This approach allows
one to set on firmer grounds well-known phenomenological theories. The old
ideas of entropy crisis, fictive temperatures, free-volume... have clear
definitions within these models. Aging effects in the glass phase are also
captured. One of the salient features of the analytic solution, the breakdown
of the fluctuation-dissipation relations, provides a definition of a bonafide
{\it effective temperature} that is measurable by a thermometer, controls heat
flows, partial equilibrations, and the reaction to the external injection of
heat. The effective temperature is an extremely robust concept that appears in
non-equilibrium systems in the limit of small entropy production as, for
instance, sheared fluids, glasses at low temperatures when quantum fluctuations
are relevant, tapped or vibrated granular matter, etc. The emerging scenario is
one of partial equilibrations, in which glassy systems arrange their internal
degrees of freedom so that the slow ones select their own effective
temperatures. It has been proven to be consistent within any perturbative
resummation scheme (mode coupling, etc) and it can be challenged by
experimental and numerical tests, some of which it has already passed.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figure
Phenotypic and Genetic Predictors of Pathogenicity and Virulence in Flavobacterium psychrophilum
strains should be further explored
CO or no CO? Narrowing the CO abundance constraint and recovering the H2O detection in the atmosphere of WASP-127 b using SPIRou
Precise measurements of chemical abundances in planetary atmospheres are
necessary to constrain the formation histories of exoplanets. A recent study of
WASP-127b, a close-in puffy sub-Saturn orbiting its solar-type host star in 4.2
d, using HST and Spitzer revealed a feature-rich transmission spectrum with
strong excess absorption at 4.5 um. However, the limited spectral resolution
and coverage of these instruments could not distinguish between CO and/or CO2
absorption causing this signal, with both low and high C/O ratio scenarios
being possible. Here we present near-infrared (0.9--2.5 um) transit
observations of WASP-127 b using the high-resolution SPIRou spectrograph, with
the goal to disentangle CO from CO2 through the 2.3 um CO band. With SPIRou, we
detect H2O at a t-test significance of 5.3 sigma and observe a tentative (3
sigma) signal consistent with OH absorption. From a joint SPIRou + HST +
Spitzer retrieval analysis, we rule out a CO-rich scenario by placing an upper
limit on the CO abundance of log10[CO]<-4.0, and estimate a log10[CO2] of
-3.7^(+0.8)_(-0.6), which is the level needed to match the excess absorption
seen at 4.5um. We also set abundance constraints on other major C-, O-, and
N-bearing molecules, with our results favoring low C/O (0.10^(+0.10)_(-0.06)),
disequilibrium chemistry scenarios. We further discuss the implications of our
results in the context of planet formation. Additional observations at high and
low-resolution will be needed to confirm these results and better our
understanding of this unusual world.Comment: 23 pages, 13 figures, Submitted for publication in the Monthly Notice
of the Royal Astronomical Societ
Evidence for the exclusive decay Bc+- to J/psi pi+- and measurement of the mass of the Bc meson
We report first evidence for a fully reconstructed decay mode of the
B_c^{\pm} meson in the channel B_c^{\pm} \to J/psi \pi^{\pm}, with J/psi \to
mu^+mu^-. The analysis is based on an integrated luminosity of 360 pb$^{-1} in
p\bar{p} collisions at 1.96 TeV center of mass energy collected by the Collider
Detector at Fermilab. We observe 14.6 \pm 4.6 signal events with a background
of 7.1 \pm 0.9 events, and a fit to the J/psi pi^{\pm} mass spectrum yields a
B_c^{\pm} mass of 6285.7 \pm 5.3(stat) \pm 1.2(syst) MeV/c^2. The probability
of a peak of this magnitude occurring by random fluctuation in the search
region is estimated as 0.012%.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. Version 3, accepted by PR
SUMO regulates p21Cip1 intracellular distribution and with p21Cip1 facilitates multiprotein complex formation in the nucleolus upon DNA damage
We previously showed that p21Cip1 transits through the nucleolus on its way from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and that DNA damage inhibits this transit and induces the formation of p21Cip1-containing intranucleolar bodies (INoBs). Here, we demonstrate that these INoBs also contain SUMO-1 and UBC9, the E2 SUMO-conjugating enzyme. Furthermore, whereas wild type SUMO-1 localized in INoBs, a SUMO-1 mutant, which is unable to conjugate with proteins, does not, suggesting the presence of SUMOylated proteins at INoBs. Moreover, depletion of the SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9 or the sumo hydrolase SENP2 changed p21Cip1 intracellular distribution. In addition to SUMO-1 and p21Cip1, cell cycle regulators and DNA damage checkpoint proteins, including Cdk2, Cyclin E, PCNA, p53 and Mdm2, and PML were also detected in INoBs. Importantly, depletion of UBC9 or p21Cip1 impacted INoB biogenesis and the nucleolar accumulation of the cell cycle regulators and DNA damage checkpoint proteins following DNA damage. The impact of p21Cip1 and SUMO-1 on the accumulation of proteins in INoBs extends also to CRM1, a nuclear exportin that is also important for protein translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleolus. Thus, SUMO and p21Cip1 regulate the transit of proteins through the nucleolus, and that disruption of nucleolar export by DNA damage induces SUMO and p21Cip1 to act as hub proteins to form a multiprotein complex in the nucleolus
ECMO for COVID-19 patients in Europe and Israel
Since March 15th, 2020, 177 centres from Europe and Israel have joined the study, routinely reporting on the ECMO support they provide to COVID-19 patients. The mean annual number of cases treated with ECMO in the participating centres before the pandemic (2019) was 55. The number of COVID-19 patients has increased rapidly each week reaching 1531 treated patients as of September 14th. The greatest number of cases has been reported from France (n = 385), UK (n = 193), Germany (n = 176), Spain (n = 166), and Italy (n = 136) .The mean age of treated patients was 52.6 years (range 16–80), 79% were male. The ECMO configuration used was VV in 91% of cases, VA in 5% and other in 4%. The mean PaO2 before ECMO implantation was 65 mmHg. The mean duration of ECMO support thus far has been 18 days and the mean ICU length of stay of these patients was 33 days. As of the 14th September, overall 841 patients have been weaned from ECMO
support, 601 died during ECMO support, 71 died after withdrawal of ECMO, 79 are still receiving ECMO support and for 10 patients status n.a. . Our preliminary data suggest that patients placed
on ECMO with severe refractory respiratory or cardiac failure secondary to COVID-19 have a reasonable (55%) chance of survival. Further extensive data analysis is expected to provide invaluable information on the demographics, severity of illness, indications and different ECMO management strategies in these patients
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