1,078 research outputs found
Measuring ICLARM's impact on research and researchers
For a research organization such as ICLARM which carries out long-term basic research, justifying money spent can be a difficult exercise. This articles examines different ways by which impact of ICLARM research can be measured
Measuring ICLARM's impact on research and researchers
Citation analysis, Bibliographic information, ICLARM publications
Form factors in RQM approaches: constraints from space-time translations
Different relativistic quantum mechanics approaches have recently been used
to calculate properties of various systems, form factors in particular. It is
known that predictions, which most often rely on a single-particle current
approximation, can lead to predictions with a very large range. It was shown
that accounting for constraints related to space-time translations could
considerably reduce this range. It is shown here that predictions can be made
identical for a large range of cases. These ones include the following
approaches: instant form, front form, and "point-form" in arbitrary momentum
configurations and a dispersion-relation approach which can be considered as
the approach which the other ones should converge to. This important result
supposes both an implementation of the above constraints and an appropriate
single-particle-like current. The change of variables that allows one to
establish the equivalence of the approaches is given. Some points are
illustrated with numerical results for the ground state of a system consisting
of scalar particles.Comment: 37 pages, 7 figures; further comments in ps 16 and 19; further
references; modified presentation of some formulas; corrected misprint
Quark-Squark Alignment Revisited
We re-examine the possibility that the solution to the supersymmetric flavor
problem is related to small mixing angles in gaugino couplings induced by
approximate horizontal Abelian symmetries. We prove that, for a large class of
models, there is a single viable structure for the down quark mass matrix with
four holomorphic zeros. Consequently, we are able to obtain both lower and
upper bounds on the supersymmetric mixing angles and predict the contributions
to various flavor changing neutral current processes. We find that the most
likely signals for alignment are close to the present bound,
significant CP violation in mixing, and shifts of order a few
percent in various CP asymmetries in and decays. In contrast, the
modifications to radiative B decays, to and to
decays are small. We further investigate a new class of
alignment models, where supersymmetric contributions to flavor changing
processes are suppressed by both alignment and RGE-induced degeneracy.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figure
COVID-19 preparedness—a survey among neonatal care providers in low- and middle-income countries
Objective - To evaluate COVID-19 pandemic preparedness, available resources, and guidelines for neonatal care delivery among neonatal health care providers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) across all continents.
Study design - Cross-sectional, web-based survey administered between May and June, 2020.
Results - Of 189 invited participants in 69 LMICs, we received 145 (77%) responses from 58 (84%) countries. The pandemic provides significant challenges to neonatal care, particularly in low-income countries. Respondents noted exacerbations of preexisting shortages in staffing, equipment, and isolation capabilities. In Sub-Saharan Africa, 9/35 (26%) respondents noted increased mortality in non-COVID-19-infected infants. Clinical practices on cord clamping, isolation, and breastfeeding varied widely, often not in line with World Health Organization guidelines. Most respondents noted family access restrictions, and limited shared decision-making.
Conclusions - Many LMICs face an exacerbation of preexisting resource challenges for neonatal care during the pandemic. Variable approaches to care delivery and deviations from guidelines provide opportunities for international collaborative improvement
Tight-binding parameters for charge transfer along DNA
We systematically examine all the tight-binding parameters pertinent to
charge transfer along DNA. The molecular structure of the four DNA bases
(adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine) is investigated by using the linear
combination of atomic orbitals method with a recently introduced
parametrization. The HOMO and LUMO wavefunctions and energies of DNA bases are
discussed and then used for calculating the corresponding wavefunctions of the
two B-DNA base-pairs (adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine). The obtained HOMO
and LUMO energies of the bases are in good agreement with available
experimental values. Our results are then used for estimating the complete set
of charge transfer parameters between neighboring bases and also between
successive base-pairs, considering all possible combinations between them, for
both electrons and holes. The calculated microscopic quantities can be used in
mesoscopic theoretical models of electron or hole transfer along the DNA double
helix, as they provide the necessary parameters for a tight-binding
phenomenological description based on the molecular overlap. We find that
usually the hopping parameters for holes are higher in magnitude compared to
the ones for electrons, which probably indicates that hole transport along DNA
is more favorable than electron transport. Our findings are also compared with
existing calculations from first principles.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, 7 table
Sub-femto-g free fall for space-based gravitational wave observatories: LISA pathfinder results
We report the first results of the LISA Pathfinder in-flight experiment. The results demonstrate that two free-falling reference test masses, such as those needed for a space-based gravitational wave observatory like LISA, can be put in free fall with a relative acceleration noise with a square root of the power spectral density of 5.2 ± 0.1 fm s−2/√Hz or (0.54 ± 0.01) × 10−15 g/√Hz, with g the standard gravity, for frequencies between 0.7 and 20 mHz. This value is lower than the LISA Pathfinder requirement by more than a factor 5 and within a factor 1.25 of the requirement for the LISA mission, and is compatible with Brownian noise from viscous damping due to the residual gas surrounding the test masses. Above 60 mHz the acceleration noise is dominated by interferometer displacement readout noise at a level of (34.8 ± 0.3) fm/√Hz, about 2 orders of magnitude better than requirements. At f ≤ 0.5 mHz we observe a low-frequency tail that stays below 12 fm s−2/√Hz down to 0.1 mHz. This performance would allow for a space-based gravitational wave
observatory with a sensitivity close to what was originally foreseen for LISA
Atmospheric effects on extensive air showers observed with the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
Atmospheric parameters, such as pressure (P), temperature (T) and density,
affect the development of extensive air showers initiated by energetic cosmic
rays. We have studied the impact of atmospheric variations on extensive air
showers by means of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The
rate of events shows a ~10% seasonal modulation and ~2% diurnal one. We find
that the observed behaviour is explained by a model including the effects
associated with the variations of pressure and density. The former affects the
longitudinal development of air showers while the latter influences the Moliere
radius and hence the lateral distribution of the shower particles. The model is
validated with full simulations of extensive air showers using atmospheric
profiles measured at the site of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Astroparticle
Physic
The exposure of the hybrid detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
The Pierre Auger Observatory is a detector for ultra-high energy cosmic rays.
It consists of a surface array to measure secondary particles at ground level
and a fluorescence detector to measure the development of air showers in the
atmosphere above the array. The "hybrid" detection mode combines the
information from the two subsystems. We describe the determination of the
hybrid exposure for events observed by the fluorescence telescopes in
coincidence with at least one water-Cherenkov detector of the surface array. A
detailed knowledge of the time dependence of the detection operations is
crucial for an accurate evaluation of the exposure. We discuss the relevance of
monitoring data collected during operations, such as the status of the
fluorescence detector, background light and atmospheric conditions, that are
used in both simulation and reconstruction.Comment: Paper accepted by Astroparticle Physic
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