Aldeia Sowante: exploração, colonialismo e reconquista territorial

O recente ordenamento territorial dos índios Nambiquara da Serra do Norte que se identificaram durante os trabalhos de campo como Sabanê, Kolimisí, Idalamarê, Lakondê, Niyahlosu, Siwaihsu e Hinkatesu consite no objeto deste estudo. O que se quer evidenciar é a dinâmica cultural desses grupos que há mais de uma década decidiram retornar ao seu antigo território de ocupação tradicional. O contato dos índios com os não índios encontra-se enlaçado em dimensões culturais e políticas, resultantes de uma distribuição desigual de poder. Com base na pesquisa etnográfica, este artigo pretende lançar luz ao retorno de famílias pertencentes aos grupos Nambiquara da Serra do Norte, anteriormente localizadas na Terra Indígena Pyreneus de Souza, município de Comodoro, Mato Grosso. Daí retornaram ao seu território tradicional, à margem direita do rio Roosevelt, no Sul da Terra Indígena Parque do Aripuanã. Afora a pesquisa etnográfica adotada para resolver a problemática indicada, a metodologia utilizada consistiu também na pesquisa documental, quando foram analisados documentos do SPI e os poucos produzidos pelas lideranças indígenas que conduziram o processo de retorno ao Sul do Parque do Aripuanã. O percurso teórico seguiu especialmente as trilhas de Junqueira (2002), Boaventura de Sousa Santos e Maria Paula Meneses (2010), Anibal Quijano (2005), Georges Balandier (1976 e 1997) para investigar outras lógicas de produção de conhecimento e ideias, com padrões próprios de expressão intelectual indígena

Aldeia Sowante: exploração, colonialismo e reconquista territorial

O recente ordenamento territorial dos índios Nambiquara da Serra do Norte que se identificaram durante os trabalhos de campo como Sabanê, Kolimisí, Idalamarê, Lakondê, Niyahlosu, Siwaihsu e Hinkatesu consite no objeto deste estudo. O que se quer evidenciar é a dinâmica cultural desses grupos que há mais de uma década decidiram retornar ao seu antigo território de ocupação tradicional. O contato dos índios com os não índios encontra-se enlaçado em dimensões culturais e políticas, resultantes de uma distribuição desigual de poder. Com base na pesquisa etnográfica, este artigo pretende lançar luz ao retorno de famílias pertencentes aos grupos Nambiquara da Serra do Norte, anteriormente localizadas na Terra Indígena Pyreneus de Souza, município de Comodoro, Mato Grosso. Daí retornaram ao seu território tradicional, à margem direita do rio Roosevelt, no Sul da Terra Indígena Parque do Aripuanã. Afora a pesquisa etnográfica adotada para resolver a problemática indicada, a metodologia utilizada consistiu também na pesquisa documental, quando foram analisados documentos do SPI e os poucos produzidos pelas lideranças indígenas que conduziram o processo de retorno ao Sul do Parque do Aripuanã. O percurso teórico seguiu especialmente as trilhas de Junqueira (2002), Boaventura de Sousa Santos e Maria Paula Meneses (2010), Anibal Quijano (2005), Georges Balandier (1976 e 1997) para investigar outras lógicas de produção de conhecimento e ideias, com padrões próprios de expressão intelectual indígena

“COBRA-DE-VIDRO” DRAMATURGIA DE CHICO BUARQUE E RUY GUERRA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL

Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar aos Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental uma proposta didático-pedagógica baseada no gênero dramático, aplicada nas disciplinas de História e Linguagens, no estabelecimento de uma discussão sobre formação do leitor e dramaturgia. Com base metodológica eminentemente bibliográfica, nas discussões sobre dramaturgia, leitura e formação de leitor, seguimos Grazioli (2007, 2015, 2019), Rösing (2005) e Zilberman (2005); Silva (2004), Zappa (2011) e Ramos e Miranda (2012) para os dados biográficos de Chico Buarque e Ruy Guerra. Sobre a invasão holandesa no Brasil e da atitude de Calabar em apoiar os holandeses, estudamos Guerra (1986), Schalkwijk (2000), Vainfas (2000) e Fausto (2007). Este trabalho pode subsidiar professores de Linguagens e de História, no que tange a um conhecimento sistematizado em literatura no Ensino Fundamental. Aos alunos, para além dos componentes curriculares, almejamos atender aos compromissos da Educação Básica concernentes aos direitos éticos, estéticos e políticos.Abstract: This study aims to present to the Final Years of Elementary School a didactic-pedagogical proposal based on the dramatic genre, applied in the disciplines of History and Languages, in the establishment of a discussion about the formation of the reader and dramaturgy. In this paper, we present Grazioli (2007, 2015, 2019), Rösing (2005) and Zilberman (2005) and Silva (2004), Zappa (2011) and Ramos and Miranda (2012) for the biographical data of Chico Buarque and Ruy Guerra. Regarding the Duth invasion in Brazil and Calabar’s atitude in supporting the Dutch, we studied Guerra (1986), Schalkwijk (2000), Vainfas (2000) and Fausto (2007). This work can subsidize teachers of Languages and History, regarding a systematized knowledge in literature in Elementary School. To the students, in addition to the curricular components, we aim to meet the commitments of Basic Education regarding ethical, aesthetic and political rights.Keywords: Elementary Education. History. Literature. Calabar: o elogio da traição. Dramaturgy

O céu dos povos indígenas: uma proposta de justiça cognitiva rumo à pedagogias e democracias plurais

Enquanto instrumento propiciador de um pensar decolonial e como meio de reconhecimento de epistemologias invisibilizadas pela ciência moderna, propomos apresentar uma possibilidade de observar o céu pela ótica dos povos indígenas Guarani Kaiowá, Guarani Ñandeva e Terena, habitantes do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul e em áreas urbanas. Sob as perspectivas de teóricos da decolonialidade, demonstramos uma postura emancipadora sobre Astronomia, História Indígena e Literatura ao adotarmos estudos tendentes a expressarem um pensar decolonial e a ideia de uma “ecologia de saberes” que possibilitam a recuperação de práticas e saberes de diferentes grupos sociais. Neste contexto, o livro O céu dos índios de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, de Germano Bruno Afonso e Paulo Souza da Silva (2012), ilustra o caminho teórico-conceitual proposto para um pensar do Sul, rumo à pedagogias e democracias plurais

O DIÁLOGO ENTRE O TEATRO E A FOTOGRAFIA: FULGOR E MORTE EM JOAQUIN MURIETA DE PABLO NERUDA

O presente artigo estuda as relações entre o texto teatral e a fotografia na peça Fulgor e Morte de Joaquín Murieta (1967), de Pablo Neruda. A peça em questão traz a história de Joaquín Murieta, bandido ou herói, presente na história do México e do Chile como o sujeito que entre mineiros, camponeses e aventureiros participa da “corrida do ouro na Califórnia” no século XIX. Especificamente, o presente trabalho, cujos preceitos teóricos são os estudos interartes e da fotografia  busca falar do teatral submerso na escrita literária de Pablo Neruda

Metal Coordination and Biological Screening of a Schiff Base Derived from 8-Hydroxyquinoline and Benzothiazole

Designing new metallodrugs for anticancer therapy is a driving force in the scientific community. Aiming to contribute to this field, we hereby report the development of a Schiff base (H2L) derived from the condensation of 2-carbaldehyde-8-hydroxyquinoline with 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole and its complexation with transition metal ions. All compounds were characterised by analytical and spectroscopic techniques, which disclosed their structure: [Cu(HL)Cl], [Cu(HL)2], [Ni(HL)(acetate)], [Ni(HL)2], [Ru(HL)Cl(DMSO)], [VO(HL)2] and [Fe(HL)2Cl(H2O)]. Different binding modes were proposed, showing the ligand’s coordination versatility. The ligand proton dissociation constants were determined, and the tested compounds showed high lipophilicity and light sensitivity. The stability of all complexes in aqueous media and their ability to bind to albumin were screened. Based on an antiproliferative in vitro screening, [Ni(HL)(acetate)] and [Ru(HL)Cl(DMSO)] were selected for further studies aiming to investigate their mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential towards colon cancer. The complexes displayed IC50 < 21 μM towards murine (CT-26) and human (HCT-116) colon cancer cell lines. Importantly, both complexes exhibited superior antiproliferative properties compared to the clinically approved 5-fluorouracil. [Ni(HL)(acetate)] induced cell cycle arrest in S phase in CT-26 cells. For [Ru(HL)Cl(DMSO)] this effect was observed in both colon cancer cell lines. Additionally, both compounds significantly inhibited cell migration particularly in the human colon cancer cell line, HCT-116. Overall, the therapeutic potential of both metal complexes was demonstrated

In-depth genome characterization of a Brazilian common bean core collection using DArTseq high-density SNP genotyping

Background: Common bean is a legume of social and nutritional importance as a food crop, cultivated worldwide especially in developing countries, accounting for an important source of income for small farmers. The availability of the complete sequences of the two common bean genomes has dramatically accelerated and has enabled new experimental strategies to be applied for genetic research. DArTseq has been widely used as a method of SNP genotyping allowing comprehensive genome coverage with genetic applications in common bean breeding programs. Results: Using this technology, 6286 SNPs (1 SNP/86.5 Kbp) were genotyped in genic (43.3%) and non-genic regions (56. 7%). Genetic subdivision associated to the common bean gene pools (K = 2) and related to grain types (K = 3 and K = 5) were reported. A total of 83% and 91% of all SNPs were polymorphic within the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools, respectively, and 26% were able to differentiate the gene pools. Genetic diversity analysis revealed an average HE of 0.442 for the whole collection, 0.102 for Andean and 0.168 for Mesoamerican gene pools (FST = 0.747 between gene pools), 0. 440 for the group of cultivars and lines, and 0.448 for the group of landrace accessions (FST = 0.002 between cultivar/line and landrace groups). The SNP effects were predicted with predominance of impact on non-coding regions (77.8%). SNPs under selection were identified within gene pools comparing landrace and cultivar/line germplasm groups (Andean: 18; Mesoamerican: 69) and between the gene pools (59 SNPs), predominantly on chromosomes 1 and 9. The LD extension estimate corrected for population structure and relatedness (r2 SV) was~88 kbp, while for the Andean gene pool was~395 kbp, and for the Mesoamerican was ~ 130 kbp. Conclusions: For common bean, DArTseq provides an efficient and cost-effective strategy of generating SNPs for large-scale genome-wide studies. The DArTseq resulted in an operational panel of 560 polymorphic SNPs in linkage equilibrium, providing high genome coverage. This SNP set could be used in genotyping platforms with many applications, such as population genetics, phylogeny relation between common bean varieties and support to molecular breeding approaches

Multi-ancestry GWAS of the electrocardiographic PR interval identifies 202 loci underlying cardiac conduction

The electrocardiographic PR interval reflects atrioventricular conduction, and is associated with conduction abnormalities, pacemaker implantation, atrial fibrillation (AF), and cardiovascular mortality. Here we report a multi-ancestry (N=293,051) genome-wide association meta-analysis for the PR interval, discovering 202 loci of which 141 have not previously been reported. Variants at identified loci increase the percentage of heritability explained, from 33.5% to 62.6%. We observe enrichment for cardiac muscle developmental/contractile and cytoskeletal genes, highlighting key regulation processes for atrioventricular conduction. Additionally, 8 loci not previously reported harbor genes underlying inherited arrhythmic syndromes and/or cardiomyopathies suggesting a role for these genes in cardiovascular pathology in the general population. We show that polygenic predisposition to PR interval duration is an endophenotype for cardiovascular disease, including distal conduction disease, AF, and atrioventricular pre-excitation. These findings advance our understanding of the polygenic basis of cardiac conduction, and the genetic relationship between PR interval duration and cardiovascular disease. On the electrocardiogram, the PR interval reflects conduction from the atria to ventricles and also serves as risk indicator of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Here, the authors perform genome-wide meta-analyses for PR interval in multiple ancestries and identify 141 previously unreported genetic loci.Peer reviewe

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AIM: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery. METHODS: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin. RESULTS: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease

Italian guidelines for primary headaches: 2012 revised version

The first edition of the Italian diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for primary headaches in adults was published in J Headache Pain 2(Suppl. 1):105–190 (2001). Ten years later, the guideline committee of the Italian Society for the Study of Headaches (SISC) decided it was time to update therapeutic guidelines. A literature search was carried out on Medline database, and all articles on primary headache treatments in English, German, French and Italian published from February 2001 to December 2011 were taken into account. Only randomized controlled trials (RCT) and meta-analyses were analysed for each drug. If RCT were lacking, open studies and case series were also examined. According to the previous edition, four levels of recommendation were defined on the basis of levels of evidence, scientific strength of evidence and clinical effectiveness. Recommendations for symptomatic and prophylactic treatment of migraine and cluster headache were therefore revised with respect to previous 2001 guidelines and a section was dedicated to non-pharmacological treatment. This article reports a summary of the revised version published in extenso in an Italian version