Prática pedagógica em um colégio da Colômbia a partir da perspectiva de um estudante de licenciatura em química do Brasil

This article is the result of an experience obtained through the teaching practice held at the Rafael Bernal Jiménez College located in the city of Bogotá, Colombia, during the international mobility of a student from Brazil. In this context, the interest arises to know how the teaching practice is carried out in Colombia, from the experience of teaching chemistry lessons in basic education, under the guidance of the teacher of the college. Based on the conceptions of teaching practice obtained in Brazil, a series of strategies are proposed and implemented based on the teaching work plan of the tenth grade of secondary education (which corresponds to the 2nd year of High School in Brazil), in order to learning of the topic aromatic hydrocarbons in chemistry, with its consequent observation and reflection of the results obtained, in this way it was possible to identify some challenges in future training as a teacher from an international context. The permanence in the school during the teaching stage, allowed the approach with the students and some teachers, being possible “exchanges” of knowledge as social subjects in general and of the culture in particular; the communication was in Spanish which allowed the exercise of the language to approach the content using teaching methods employed in Brazil, so that the students of the basic education of the college in Colombia, had the opportunity to know how are taught chemistry classes in another country.  Este artigo é fruto de uma experiência obtida por meio da prática docente realizada no colégio Rafael Bernal Jiménez localizado na cidade de Bogotá – Colômbia, durante a mobilidade internacional de um estudante do Brasil. Neste contexto, surge o interesse de conhecer como é realizada a prática docente na Colômbia, a partir da experiência de lecionar aulas de química no ensino básico, sob a orientação da professora do colégio. Com base nas concepções de prática docente obtidas no Brasil, é proposto e implementado uma série de estratégias a partir do plano de trabalho docente do grado décimo da educação média (que corresponde ao 2° do Ensino Médio no Brasil), para assim, permitir a aprendizagem do tema hidrocarbonetos aromáticos em química, com sua consequente observação e reflexão dos resultados obtidos, desta maneira foi possível identificar alguns desafios na futura formação como professor a partir de um contexto internacional. A permanência no colégio durante o estágio docente, permitiu a aproximação com os alunos e alguns professores, sendo possível “trocas” de conhecimentos como temas sociais em geral e da cultura em particular; a comunicação foi em espanhol o que permitiu o exercício do idioma para a abordagem dos conteúdos utilizando métodos de ensino empregados no Brasil, para que os alunos do ensino básico do colégio na Colômbia, tivessem a oportunidade de conhecer como são lecionadas as aulas de química em um outro país

Reflexiones epistemológicas críticas sobre las ciencias: Aportes a la educación

El presente artículo desarrolla teóricamente los Paradigmas objetivos y subjetivos en la actualidad, así como su comprensión de la realidad. Posteriormente expone algunas limitaciones de estos marcos paradigmáticos y que como consecuencia exige una nueva visión interpretativa aplicada a la educación, que sea más democrática, abierta y respetuosa de la diferencia desde el marco de las Ciencias de la Complejidad

Comparison of high ribavirin induction versus standard ribavirin dosing, plus peginterferon-α for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients: the PERICO trial

[Abstract] BACKGROUND: Ribavirin (RBV) exposure seems to be critical to maximize treatment response in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. METHODS: HIV/HCV-coinfected individuals naive to interferon were prospectively randomized to receive peginterferon-α-2a (180 μg/d) plus either RBV standard dosing (1000 or 1200 mg/d if <75 or ≥ 75 kg, respectively) or RBV induction (2000 mg/d) along with subcutaneous erythropoietin β (450 IU/kg/wk), both during the first 4 weeks, followed by standard RBV dosing until completion of therapy. Early stopping rules at weeks 12 and 24 were applied in patients with suboptimal virological response. RESULTS: A total of 357 patients received ≥ 1 dose of the study medication. No differences in main baseline characteristics were found when comparing treatment arms. Sustained virological response (SVR) was attained by 160 (45%) patients, with no significant differences between RBV induction and standard treatment arms (SVR in 72 of 169 patients [43%] vs 88 of 188 [47%], respectively). At week 4, undetectable HCV RNA (29% vs 25%) and mean RBV trough concentration (2.48 vs 2.14 μg/mL) were comparable in both arms, whereas mean hemoglobin decay was less pronounced in the RBV induction plus erythropoietin arm than in the RBV standard dosing arm (-1.7 vs -2.3 mg/dL; P < .005). Treatment discontinuation occurred in 91 (25%) patients owing to nonresponse and in 29 (8%) owing to adverse events. HCV relapse occurred in 34 patients (10%). Univariate and multivariate analyses identified HCV genotype 2 or 3 (odds ratio [OR], 10.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.08-50.2; P = .004), IL28B CC variants (OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.33-6.41; P = .007), nonadvanced liver fibrosis (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.06-5.01; P = .03), and rapid virological response (OR, 40.3; 95% CI, 5.1-314.1; P < .001) as predictors of SVR. CONCLUSIONS: A 4-week course of induction therapy with high RBV dosing along with erythropoietin does not improve SVR rates in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. Preemptive erythropoietin might blunt the benefit of RBV overdosing by enhancing erythrocyte uptake of plasma RBV

Realidad aumentada: laboratorios virtuales como tecnología emergente para el aprendizaje de los estados de agregación de la materia

This work is the result of a reflection about the benefits brought by emerging technologies, particularly augmented reality (ar), which is addressed as a didactic tool for teaching the water cycle in a group of 40 ninth-grade students from the Rafael Bernal Jiménez district school in Bogotá. During the implementation, the concepts related to the states of matter were studied from virtual laboratories (lv); the students were organized into groups according to the number of tablets (10) provided by the school to project the different models designed for the proper development of the topic proposed. The methodological design was carried out in the following stages: (1) documentary review on RA and lv; (2) didactic interventions in the classroom, delving deeper into the subject of the water cycle; (3) implementation of a virtual laboratory designed through the Unity platform version 5.4, consisting of four markers that projected the different states of water aggregation. Finally, the results obtained were analyzed, finding that students show great interest in the innovation of this technology, as well as a good understanding of the concepts presented.Este trabajo surge a partir de la reflexión acerca de los beneficios que traen las tecnologías emergentes, entre las que se destaca la realidad aumentada (ra), la cual se aborda como herramienta didáctica para la enseñanza del ciclo de agua en un grupo de 40 estudiantes del grado 9.º del colegio distrital Rafael Bernal Jiménez de la ciudad de Bogotá. Durante la implementación se estudiaron los conceptos relacionados con los estados de agregación de la materia, desde los laboratorios virtuales (lv); los estudiantes se organizaron en grupos según el número de tabletas (10) que dispuso el colegio para proyectar los diferentes modelos diseñados para el desarrollo adecuado del tema propuesto. El diseño metodológico se llevó a cabo en las siguientes etapas: (1) revisión documental sobre ra y lv; (2) intervenciones didácticas en el aula profundizando el tema ciclo del agua; (3) implementación de un laboratorio virtual diseñado a través de la plataforma Unity versión 5.4, constituida por cuatro marcadores que proyectaban los diferentes estados de agregación del agua. Por último, se analizaron los resultados obtenidos, encontrando que los estudiantes muestran gran interés por la innovación que tiene esta tecnología, además de una buena comprensión de los conceptos expuestos

Evaluación bimestral bajo el Sistema de Gestión de Contenidos de Aprendizaje Moodle para los ciclos III, IV y V en la IED Rafael Bernal Jiménez, 2014-II

El presente artículo muestra los resultados de la tercera evaluación bimestral virtual llevada a cabo en 2014 con los ciclos III, IV y V en la Institución Educativa Distrital Rafael Bernal Jiménez. Los ambientes virtuales utilizados en la evaluación bimestral dentro del proceso de incorporación de las tecnologías para el aprendizaje y el conocimiento (tac) a través del Sistema de Gestión de Contenidos de Aprendizaje en la plataforma Moodle, que se encuentra en el aula virtual http://casquetedeesferaperforada.com/aula2/, se convirtieron en escenario para transformar las dinámicas usadas tradicionalmente en la evaluación por parte de profesores y estudiantes de los cursos de sexto a undécimo grado. El diseño metodológico fue de orden descriptivo y recogió la información de las evaluaciones diseñadas por los profesores y respondidas por los estudiantes fuera de la institución.

Lo glocal y el turismo. Nuevos paradigmas de interpretación.

El estudio del turismo se realiza desde múltiples escalas y enfoques, este libro aborda muchos temas que es necesario discutir desde diversas perspectivas; es el caso de la reflexión sobre la propia disciplina y sus conceptos, así como los asuntos específicos referidos al impacto territorial, los tipos de turismo, las cuestiones ambientales, el tema de la pobreza, la competitividad, las políticas públicas, el papel de las universidades, las áreas naturales protegidas, la sustentabilidad, la cultura, el desarrollo, la seguridad, todos temas centrales documentados y expuestos con originalidad y dominio del asunto. Lo multiescalar es básico para la comprensión del sistema turístico, sistema formado de procesos globales, regionales y locales. El eje de discusión del libro es lo glocal, esa interacción entre lo nacional y local con lo global

Resultados Semilleros de Investigación 2009-2010

La publicación recoge los doce informes finales de investigación presentados por los estudiantes de ocho Semilleros 1 y cuatro Semilleros 2, correspondientes a la convocatoria 2009–2010 y se constituye en el Número 25 de la Serie de Investigaciones en Construcción, si bien este es el primer Número publicado en formato digital que UNIJUS se permite poner a disposición no sólo de la comunidad universitaria, sino también de la sociedad colombiana e internacional, interesada en los temas estudiados por los jóvenes investigadores de la Facultad de Derecho, Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio