Especificações técnicas para redes húmidas de combate a incêndios

Mestrado em Engenharia CivilO presente trabalho pretende enunciar propostas de melhoria das especificações técnicas para redes húmidas da atual legislação, na segurança contra incêndios em edifícios. Esta melhoria pretende levar ao aperfeiçoamento do funcionamento destas redes, redução do número de ocorrências, de vítimas de prejuízos materiais, patrimoniais e ambientais. A atual legislação prevê em muitas situações a obrigatoriedade da utilização de redes húmidas, no entanto esta encontra-se com insuficiência ou ausência de especificações técnicas sobre a conceção e o dimensionamento destes sistemas. São apresentadas as medidas e os meios de segurança aplicados atualmente, assim como a utilização das redes húmidas em edifícios de modo a entender melhor o funcionamento e a aplicabilidade destes sistemas. Com o objetivo de compreender outras normas, é feita uma análise comparativa com uma norma de referência internacional, a NFPA, (americana), e com a NTE (espanhola). Foram analisados diversos casos de estudo, com a finalidade de enunciar aspetos considerados positivos e menos corretos, apresentando propostas de melhoria e salientando especificações técnicas corretamente aplicadas. Através da análise comparativa das normas e dos casos de estudo, revela-se a importância de fazer uma atualização legislativa da segurança contra incêndios em edifícios, onde são apresentadas algumas sugestões.The present work intends to enunciate proposals for improvement of the technical specifications for wet risers of the current legislation, on fire safety in buildings. This work intends to improve functioning of these risers, reducing the number occurrences of environmental damage. The current law provides in many situations the mandatory use of wet risers, however has a lack of technical specifications on the design and dimensioning of these systems. Measures and safety means are presented, as well as the use of wet risers in buildings in order to better understand the operation and the applicability of these systems. In order to understand other standards, a comparative analysis regarding a standard of international reference, NFPA (American), and the NTE (Spanish) was carried out. Several case studies were analyzed, in order to enunciate positive aspects and less correct ones, with improvement proposals and highlighting correctly applied technical specifications. Through the comparative analysis of the standards and case studies, it reveals the importance of making a legislative update on fire safety in buildings is shown along with some suggestions

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved