6,903 research outputs found
Near-Infrared Photometry and Radio Continuum Study of the Massive Star Forming Regions IRAS 21413+5442 and IRAS 21407+5441
IRAS 21413+5442 and IRAS 21407+5441 are two massive star forming regions of
high luminosity, likely associated with each other. Near-infrared photometry on
these two IRAS sources was performed at UKIRT using the UFTI under excellent
seeing conditions yielding an angular resolution of 0.5 arcsec. Our
results reveal details of stellar content to a completeness limit (90%) of J =
18.5, H = 18.0, and K = 17.5 mag in the two regions. In IRAS 21413+5442, we
identify a late O type star, having large (H-K) color, to be near the centre of
the CO jets observed by earlier authors. The UKIRT images reveal in IRAS
21407+5441, a faint but clear compact HII region around a central high -
intermediate mass star cluster. We have detected a number of sources with large
(H-K) color which are not detected in J band. We also present the GMRT radio
continuum map at 1.28 GHz covering the entire region surrounding the two star
forming clouds. The radio continuum fluxes are used to estimate the properties
of HII regions which seem to support our near-IR photometric results. Based on
our radio continuum map and the archival MSX 8.2 m image, we show that the
two IRAS sources likely belong to the same parent molecular cloud and
conjecture that a high mass star of large IR colors, present in between the two
sources, might have triggered star formation in this region. However one can
not rule out the alternative possibility that Star A could be a nearby
foreground star.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
International consensus on (ICON) anaphylaxis
ICON: Anaphylaxis provides a unique perspective on the principal evidence-based anaphylaxis guidelines developed and published independently from 2010 through 2014 by four allergy/immunology organizations. These guidelines concur with regard to the clinical features that indicate a likely diagnosis of anaphylaxis -- a life-threatening generalized or systemic allergic or hypersensitivity reaction. They also concur about prompt initial treatment with intramuscular injection of epinephrine (adrenaline) in the mid-outer thigh, positioning the patient supine (semi-reclining if dyspneic or vomiting), calling for help, and when indicated, providing supplemental oxygen, intravenous fluid resuscitation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, along with concomitant monitoring of vital signs and oxygenation. Additionally, they concur that H1-antihistamines, H2-antihistamines, and glucocorticoids are not initial medications of choice. For self-management of patients at risk of anaphylaxis in community settings, they recommend carrying epinephrine auto-injectors and personalized emergency action plans, as well as follow-up with a physician (ideally an allergy/immunology specialist) to help prevent anaphylaxis recurrences. ICON: Anaphylaxis describes unmet needs in anaphylaxis, noting that although epinephrine in 1 mg/mL ampules is available worldwide, other essentials, including supplemental oxygen, intravenous fluid resuscitation, and epinephrine auto-injectors are not universally available. ICON: Anaphylaxis proposes a comprehensive international research agenda that calls for additional prospective studies of anaphylaxis epidemiology, patient risk factors and co-factors, triggers, clinical criteria for diagnosis, randomized controlled trials of therapeutic interventions, and measures to prevent anaphylaxis recurrences. It also calls for facilitation of global collaborations in anaphylaxis research. In addition to confirming the alignment of major anaphylaxis guidelines, ICON: Anaphylaxis adds value by including summary tables and citing 130 key references. It is published as an information resource about anaphylaxis for worldwide use by healthcare professionals, academics, policy-makers, patients, caregivers, and the public
Morphological characterization of the blood cells in the endangered Sicilian endemic pond turtle,Emys trinacris(Testudines: Emydidae)
In this study, measurements of morphological parameters, sizes and frequencies of peripheral blood cells (erythrocytes,
leukocytes, thrombocytes) on blood smear preparation devices stained with May-Grünwald stain were evaluated for both
sexes in 20 Emys trinacris (Testudines: Emydidae) specimens. Erythrocytes were higher in male than in female specimens.
The leukocyte of E. trinacris contains eosinophil, basophil, monocyte, heterophil and lymphocyte. The eosinophil was higher
in males than in females whereas lymphocytes were higher in females than in males. The erythrocyte morphological
parameters (EL [erythrocyte length], EW [erythrocyte width], L/W [length/width], ES [erythrocyte size]) were compared
with the same data from Emys orbicularis s.l, and from species belonging to other chelonian genera. The erythrocyte size did
not vary within the studied Palearctic Emys taxa, whereas it proved to differ from that observed in other chelonians
The 1998 outburst of XTE J1550-564: a model based on multiwavelength observations
The 1998 September outburst of the black-hole X-ray binary XTE J1550-564 was
monitored at X-ray, optical and radio wavelengths. We divide the outburst
sequence into five phases and discuss their multiwavelength properties. The
outburst starts with a hard X-ray spike, while the soft X-ray flux rises with a
longer timescale. We suggest that the onset of the outburst is determined by an
increased mass transfer rate from the companion star, but the outburst
morphology is determined by the distribution of specific angular momentum in
the accreting matter. The companion in XTE J1550-564 is likely to be an active
magnetic star, with a surface field strong enough to influence the dynamics of
mass transfer. We suggest that its magnetic field can create a magnetic bag
capable of confining gas inside the Roche lobe of the primary. The impulsive
rise in the hard X-rays is explained by the inflow of material with low angular
momentum onto the black hole, on a free-fall timescale, when the magnetic
confinement breaks down. At the same time, high angular momentum matter,
transferred via ordinary Roche-lobe overflow, is responsible for the formation
of a disk.Comment: to appear in ApJ, vol 564, January 10, 200
The Buffer Gas Beam: An Intense, Cold, and Slow Source for Atoms and Molecules
Beams of atoms and molecules are stalwart tools for spectroscopy and studies
of collisional processes. The supersonic expansion technique can create cold
beams of many species of atoms and molecules. However, the resulting beam is
typically moving at a speed of 300-600 m/s in the lab frame, and for a large
class of species has insufficient flux (i.e. brightness) for important
applications. In contrast, buffer gas beams can be a superior method in many
cases, producing cold and relatively slow molecules in the lab frame with high
brightness and great versatility. There are basic differences between
supersonic and buffer gas cooled beams regarding particular technological
advantages and constraints. At present, it is clear that not all of the
possible variations on the buffer gas method have been studied. In this review,
we will present a survey of the current state of the art in buffer gas beams,
and explore some of the possible future directions that these new methods might
take
A meta-analytic review of stand-alone interventions to improve body image
Objective
Numerous stand-alone interventions to improve body image have been developed. The
present review used meta-analysis to estimate the effectiveness of such interventions, and
to identify the specific change techniques that lead to improvement in body image.
Methods
The inclusion criteria were that (a) the intervention was stand-alone (i.e., solely focused on
improving body image), (b) a control group was used, (c) participants were randomly
assigned to conditions, and (d) at least one pretest and one posttest measure of body
image was taken. Effect sizes were meta-analysed and moderator analyses were conducted.
A taxonomy of 48 change techniques used in interventions targeted at body image
was developed; all interventions were coded using this taxonomy.
Results
The literature search identified 62 tests of interventions (N = 3,846). Interventions produced
a small-to-medium improvement in body image (d+ = 0.38), a small-to-medium reduction in
beauty ideal internalisation (d+ = -0.37), and a large reduction in social comparison tendencies
(d+ = -0.72). However, the effect size for body image was inflated by bias both within
and across studies, and was reliable but of small magnitude once corrections for bias were
applied. Effect sizes for the other outcomes were no longer reliable once corrections for
bias were applied. Several features of the sample, intervention, and methodology moderated
intervention effects. Twelve change techniques were associated with improvements in
body image, and three techniques were contra-indicated.
Conclusions
The findings show that interventions engender only small improvements in body image, and
underline the need for large-scale, high-quality trials in this area. The review identifies effective
techniques that could be deployed in future interventions
Evaluation of Mental Health First Aid from the Perspective Of Workplace End UseRs—EMPOWER: protocol of cluster randomised trial phase
Background: Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) is a mental health intervention that teaches people how to identify, understand and help someone who may be experiencing a mental health issue. Reviews of the implementation of MHFA found between 68 and 88% of trained Mental Health First Aiders had used their skills when in contact with someone experiencing mental health difficulties. Reviews evaluating the impact of MHFA suggest positive outcomes. However, to date, there has been no systematic, rigorous evaluation of the impact of MHFA on recipients of the intervention, the organisations providing it and the cost-effectiveness of MHFA overall. This trial will evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of MHFA.
Methods: The study is a multi-centred, two-arm clustered randomised controlled trial. Organisations will be randomly allocated to the control or intervention (estimated sample size 800 recipients). The intervention is the standard MHFA intervention provided by Mental Health First Aid England (MHFAE). The control condition will be organisations having a brief consultation from MHFAE on promoting mental health and well-being in the workplace. The primary outcome is health seeking behaviour, measured using the Actual Help Seeking Questionnaire, at 6 months’ follow-up. Data collection will be undertaken at baseline (T0), post-intervention—up to 3 months (T1), at 6 months (T2), 12 months (T3) and 24 months (T4). The primary analysis will be conducted on those participants who receive MHFA, a per protocol analysis.
Discussion: The study is the first to evaluate the effect of MHFA in the workplace on employees with direct and indirect experience of the intervention, when compared with usual practice. Being also the first to assess, systematically, the social impact of MHFA and investigate its cost-effectiveness adds to the originality of the study. The study promises to yield important data, as yet unknown, regarding the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, implementation issues, and the sustainability of MHFA in the workplace
Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of FAAH Inhibitor V158866: A Double-Blind, Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Phase I Study in Healthy Volunteers
Quantitative imaging of concentrated suspensions under flow
We review recent advances in imaging the flow of concentrated suspensions,
focussing on the use of confocal microscopy to obtain time-resolved information
on the single-particle level in these systems. After motivating the need for
quantitative (confocal) imaging in suspension rheology, we briefly describe the
particles, sample environments, microscopy tools and analysis algorithms needed
to perform this kind of experiments. The second part of the review focusses on
microscopic aspects of the flow of concentrated model hard-sphere-like
suspensions, and the relation to non-linear rheological phenomena such as
yielding, shear localization, wall slip and shear-induced ordering. Both
Brownian and non-Brownian systems will be described. We show how quantitative
imaging can improve our understanding of the connection between microscopic
dynamics and bulk flow.Comment: Review on imaging hard-sphere suspensions, incl summary of
methodology. Submitted for special volume 'High Solid Dispersions' ed. M.
Cloitre, Vol. xx of 'Advances and Polymer Science' (Springer, Berlin, 2009);
22 pages, 16 fig
Observation of direct-photon collective flow in sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV Au+Au collisions
The second Fourier component v_2 of the azimuthal anisotropy with respect to
the reaction plane was measured for direct photons at midrapidity and
transverse momentum (p_T) of 1--13 GeV/c in Au+Au collisions at sqr(s_NN)=200
GeV. Previous measurements of this quantity for hadrons with p_T < 6 GeV/c
indicate that the medium behaves like a nearly perfect fluid, while for p_T > 6
GeV/c a reduced anisotropy is interpreted in terms of a path-length dependence
for parton energy loss. In this measurement with the PHENIX detector at the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider we find that for p_T > 4 GeV/c the anisotropy
for direct photons is consistent with zero, as expected if the dominant source
of direct photons is initial hard scattering. However, in the p_T < 4 GeV/c
region dominated by thermal photons, we find a substantial direct photon v_2
comparable to that of hadrons, whereas model calculations for thermal photons
in this kinematic region significantly underpredict the observed v_2.Comment: 384 authors, 6 pages, 3 figures, and 1 table. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Lett. v2 has minor changes to match the submission version. Plain text data
tables for the points plotted in the figures are publicly available at
http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/phenix/WWW/info/data/ppg126_data.htm
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