An analysis of the materials of five third grade basal readers for social studies concepts.

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

Material characterization and modeling with shear ography

Shearography has emerged as a useful technique for nondestructible evaluation and materials characterization of aerospace materials. A suitable candidate for the technique is to determine the response of debonds on foam-metal interfaces such as the TPS system on the External Tank. The main thrust is to develop a model which allows valid interpretation of shearographic information on TPS type systems. Confirmation of the model with shearographic data will be performed

Recent Journalism Awards Won by Old, New, and Hybrid Media

This compares the quality of the old media to that of the new media by determining how often each type of media source wins major journalism awards. It divides media sources into three categories: old, new and hybrid. New media is limited to publications that were started purely as online news publications. Old media is classified in the traditional sense to include such newspapers as the New York Times. Hybrid media combines elements of both new and old media. Our research compares the number of Pulitzer Prizes and other major journalism awards won by these three types of media sources since 2005 (or the dates these awards first opened to non-traditional types of media). The results demonstrate that traditional media still wins the vast majority of journalism awards (225 of 307 awards (73%), including 24 of 37 Pulitzer Prizes), while the new media won only 36 of 307 awards, and only 4 Pulitzer Prizes). The results are especially striking for awards for investigatory journalism (traditional media won 65 of 86 awards - 76%) and for local journalism (traditional media won 23 of 32 awards - 77%). This is evidence that the reporting by the traditional media is often of a significantly higher quality than that of the new or hybrid media. This quality difference has implications for Antitrust analysis and for many other policy issues. This document serves as the appendix to an article: Thomas J. Horton & Robert H. Lande, Should the Internet Exempt the Media Sector from the Antitrust Laws? 65 Florida Law Review 1521 (2013), available at: http://scholarworks.law.ubalt.edu/all_fac/1747

Recent Journalism Awards Won by Old, New, and Hybrid Media

This compares the quality of the old media to that of the new media by determining how often each type of media source wins major journalism awards. It divides media sources into three categories: old, new and hybrid. New media is limited to publications that were started purely as online news publications. Old media is classified in the traditional sense to include such newspapers as the New York Times. Hybrid media combines elements of both new and old media. Our research compares the number of Pulitzer Prizes and other major journalism awards won by these three types of media sources since 2005 (or the dates these awards first opened to non-traditional types of media). The results demonstrate that traditional media still wins the vast majority of journalism awards (225 of 307 awards (73%), including 24 of 37 Pulitzer Prizes), while the new media won only 36 of 307 awards, and only 4 Pulitzer Prizes). The results are especially striking for awards for investigatory journalism (traditional media won 65 of 86 awards - 76%) and for local journalism (traditional media won 23 of 32 awards - 77%). This is evidence that the reporting by the traditional media is often of a significantly higher quality than that of the new or hybrid media. This quality difference has implications for Antitrust analysis and for many other policy issues. This document serves as the appendix to an article: Thomas J. Horton & Robert H. Lande, Should the Internet Exempt the Media Sector from the Antitrust Laws? 65 Florida Law Review 1521 (2013), available at: http://scholarworks.law.ubalt.edu/all_fac/1747

The Iowa Homemaker vol.23, no.8

Keeping Up With Today, Margaret Ralston, page 2 Honored for Service, page 3 From Graduates’ Letters, page 4 G. I. Candy Bar, Ruth Midgorden, page 5 When You’re Career-Bound, Genevieve Callahan, page 6 Educational Psychology in Action, Victoria McKibben, page 7 Research Introduces New Meat, Norma Dale, page 8 Spotlight on a SPAR, page 9 What’s New in Home Economics, page 10 Forecast Clothing Prospects, Dorothy Watt, page 12 The Most From The Least, page 13 Investigate Home Canning, Frances Kerekes, page 14 Wartime Tips for Wise Shoe Care, Janet Russell, page 16 Clothing Survey, Doris Ann Gregg, page 17 Across Alumnae Desks, Virginia Carter, page 18 Alums in the News, Rachel Lusher, page 2

Multiomics modeling of the immunome, transcriptome, microbiome, proteome and metabolome adaptations during human pregnancy.

MotivationMultiple biological clocks govern a healthy pregnancy. These biological mechanisms produce immunologic, metabolomic, proteomic, genomic and microbiomic adaptations during the course of pregnancy. Modeling the chronology of these adaptations during full-term pregnancy provides the frameworks for future studies examining deviations implicated in pregnancy-related pathologies including preterm birth and preeclampsia.ResultsWe performed a multiomics analysis of 51 samples from 17 pregnant women, delivering at term. The datasets included measurements from the immunome, transcriptome, microbiome, proteome and metabolome of samples obtained simultaneously from the same patients. Multivariate predictive modeling using the Elastic Net (EN) algorithm was used to measure the ability of each dataset to predict gestational age. Using stacked generalization, these datasets were combined into a single model. This model not only significantly increased predictive power by combining all datasets, but also revealed novel interactions between different biological modalities. Future work includes expansion of the cohort to preterm-enriched populations and in vivo analysis of immune-modulating interventions based on the mechanisms identified.Availability and implementationDatasets and scripts for reproduction of results are available through: https://nalab.stanford.edu/multiomics-pregnancy/.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online

Multiomics modeling of the immunome, transcriptome, microbiome, proteome and metabolome adaptations during human pregnancy

Motivation Multiple biological clocks govern a healthy pregnancy. These biological mechanisms produce immunologic, metabolomic, proteomic, genomic and microbiomic adaptations during the course of pregnancy. Modeling the chronology of these adaptations during full-term pregnancy provides the frameworks for future studies examining deviations implicated in pregnancy-related pathologies including preterm birth and preeclampsia. Results We performed a multiomics analysis of 51 samples from 17 pregnant women, delivering at term. The datasets included measurements from the immunome, transcriptome, microbiome, proteome and metabolome of samples obtained simultaneously from the same patients. Multivariate predictive modeling using the Elastic Net (EN) algorithm was used to measure the ability of each dataset to predict gestational age. Using stacked generalization, these datasets were combined into a single model. This model not only significantly increased predictive power by combining all datasets, but also revealed novel interactions between different biological modalities. Future work includes expansion of the cohort to preterm-enriched populations and in vivo analysis of immune-modulating interventions based on the mechanisms identified. Availability and implementation Datasets and scripts for reproduction of results are available through: Https://nalab.stanford.edu/multiomics-pregnancy/

Abstinence-Only Education and Teen Pregnancy Rates: Why We Need Comprehensive Sex Education in the U.S

The United States ranks first among developed nations in rates of both teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. In an effort to reduce these rates, the U.S. government has funded abstinence-only sex education programs for more than a decade. However, a public controversy remains over whether this investment has been successful and whether these programs should be continued. Using the most recent national data (2005) from all U.S. states with information on sex education laws or policies (N = 48), we show that increasing emphasis on abstinence education is positively correlated with teenage pregnancy and birth rates. This trend remains significant after accounting for socioeconomic status, teen educational attainment, ethnic composition of the teen population, and availability of Medicaid waivers for family planning services in each state. These data show clearly that abstinence-only education as a state policy is ineffective in preventing teenage pregnancy and may actually be contributing to the high teenage pregnancy rates in the U.S. In alignment with the new evidence-based Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative and the Precaution Adoption Process Model advocated by the National Institutes of Health, we propose the integration of comprehensive sex and STD education into the biology curriculum in middle and high school science classes and a parallel social studies curriculum that addresses risk-aversion behaviors and planning for the future

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research