1,621 research outputs found
Seleção de isolados de vĂrus e determinação da concentração letal mĂŠdia (CL50) para controle de S. Eridania, S. Cosmioides e S. frugiperda.
Os lepidĂłpteros desfolhadores principalmente do gĂŞnero Spodoptera sĂŁo atualmente um dos mais importantes problemas entomolĂłgicos em vĂĄrias culturas de expressĂŁo econĂ´mica. Como alternativa ao controle quĂmico, podem ser utilizados microrganismos entomopatogĂŞnicos, incluindo bactĂŠrias, vĂrus, fungos e protozoĂĄrios. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar isolados de vĂrus para as espĂŠcies de S. cosmioides, S. eridania e S. frugiperda. Lagartas de 3Âş instar (n=50), foram inoculadas com uma suspensĂŁo viral [1,0 x 107 corpos poliĂŠdricos de inclusĂŁo do vĂrus (CPI/mL)] incorporada na dieta artificial a fim de analisar a mortalidade causada por diferentes isolados de vĂrus. Para a determinação da CL50 seguiu-se a mesma metodologia, porĂŠm utilizando 80 lagartas por concentração (concentraçþes de 4.000; 8.000; 16.000; 32.000; 64.000 e 128.000 CPI/mL). Os dados de mortalidade foram submetidos Ă anĂĄlise Probit, para a estimação CL50, bem como dos parâmetros associados (Intervalo de confiança (IC 95%) e ?2). Para a espĂŠcie S. cosmioides o isolado VPN 72 isolado desta mesma espĂŠcie resultou em mortalidade de 20%. Os isolados VNP 143, 144 e 152 obtidos de outros hospedeiros, mataram 24, 100 e 80% respectivamente. As lagartas de S. frugiperda apresentaram mortalidade de 100% somente com os isolados obtidos da mesma espĂŠcie VPN 76 e VG 89. S. eridania teve 20% de mortalidade com o isolado VPN 144, sendo este isolado o Ăşnico que provocou mortalidade nas duas espĂŠcies. Os valores de ?2 calculados nĂŁo foram significativos, indicando a homogeneidade dos dados e, principalmente, que os dados adaptaram-se ao modelo de anĂĄlise Probit. O VPN 144 de A. californica inoculado em S. albula, testado em S. cosmioides apresentou a menor CL50, caracterizando-se como o mais virulento, quando comparado ao VPN 152 que resultou em CL50 de 49,13 CPI/mL ou seja foi duas vezes menos virulento que o VPN 144. Esse mesmo isolado testado em S. eridania foi 67 vezes menos virulento quando comparado com a espĂŠcie de S. cosmioides. Esta espĂŠcie apresentou-se a mais suscetĂvel a isolados de vĂrus provenientes de outros hospedeiros.SICONBIOL 2011
Total Parathyroidectomy with Presternal Intramuscular Autotransplantation in Renal Patients: A Prospective Study of 66 Patients
Surgical treatment of secondary (SHPT) and tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT) may involve various surgical approaches. The aim of this paper was to evaluate presternal intramuscular autotransplantation of parathyroid tissue as a surgical option in SHPT and THPT treatment. 66 patients with renal chronic disease underwent surgery from April 2000 to April 2005 at Universidade Federal SĂŁo Paulo, Brazil. There were 38 SHPT patients (24 women/14 men), mean age of 39.yrs (range: 14â58), and 28 THPT patients (14 women/14 men), mean age of 43.4 yrs (range: 24â62). Postoperative average followup was 42.9 months (range: 12â96). Postoperative intact PTH increased throughout followup from 73.5 pg/mL to 133âpg/mL on average from 1st to the 5th year, respectively, in SHPT and from 54.9âpg/mL to 94.7âpg/mL on average from 1st to 5th year, respectively, in THPT group. Definitive hypoparathyroidism was observed in 4 (6.06%) patients and graft-dependent recurrence in 6 (9.09%). Presternal intramuscular autotransplantation of parathyroid tissue is a feasible and safe surgical option in SHPT and THPT treatment
Marker-assisted elimination of drought-susceptible accessions in upland rice breeding.
Breeding for water-deficit tolerance is fundamental to guarantee the sustainability of upland rice production, mainly due to the possibility of an increased frequency of drought episodes due to climate change. This work aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, derived from RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), genome-wide association study (GWAS) and candidate genes from Arabidopsis, with potential for use in marker-assisted selection (MAS) for drought tolerance. RNA-Seq and GWAS were efficient in identifying useful SNP markers from the data obtained from three years of field experiments for 175 upland rice accessions, which were sequenced using 32 genes by Capture-Seq. Three genes were equally able to generate SNP markers that discriminated 95% of the 20 most drought susceptible accessions in the joint analysis of the experiments. The elimination of the genotypes with the unfavourable SNP allele reduced the initial number of accessions to one third, and transferring this result in a breeding routine, would enable to conduct smaller experiments per target location, increasing the precision and reducing the cost of the drought phenotyping
Comparison of the reproductive status of the scleractinian coral Siderastrea stellata throughout a gradient of 20Âş of latitude
Low-frequency physical variations in the coastal zone of Ubatuba, northern coast of SĂŁo Paulo State, Brazil
Agricultura familiar e agroindĂşstria canavieira: impasses sociais.
A PolĂtica AgroenergĂŠtica para produção de biocombustĂveis ĂŠ apresentada sob os pressupostos do desenvolvimento sustentĂĄvel. O ĂĄlcool, produzido a partir da cana-de-açúcar, aparece como a alternativa mais viĂĄvel, o que estimula a expansĂŁo e redistribuição espacial da produção canavieira. O estado de GoiĂĄs estĂĄ entre as principais rotas de ampliação da cana. O objetivo do artigo ĂŠ compreender o debate das questĂľes sociais no plano dos discursos oficiais em torno do Plano Nacional de Agroenergia, bem como as contradiçþes sociais associadas Ă expansĂŁo da monocultura canavieira em regiĂľes de predomĂnio da agricultura familiar. O desenvolvimento do tema baseou-se num estudo de caso, realizado no municĂpio de Itapuranga (GO), valendo-se de uma abordagem qualitativa e da combinação das tĂŠcnicas de pesquisa bibliogrĂĄfica, observação e, principalmente, entrevistas. Constatou-se que a expansĂŁo do cultivo da cana-de-açúcar contribuiu para transformar o contexto social de Itapuranga e provocar alteraçþes considerĂĄveis na dinâmica produtiva e organizacional dos agricultores familiares
Cell walls of the dimorphic fungal pathogens Sporothrix schenckii and Sporothrix brasiliensis exhibit bilaminate structures and sloughing of extensive and intact layers
This work was supported by the Fundação Carlos Chagas de Amparo Ă Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), grants E-26/202.974/2015 and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientĂfico e TecnolĂłgico (CNPq), grants 229755/2013-5, Brazil. LMLB is a senior research fellow of CNPq and Faperj. NG acknowledged support from the Wellcome Trust (Trust (097377, 101873, 200208) and MRC Centre for Medical Mycology (MR/N006364/1). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Serotonergic signalling suppresses ataxin 3 aggregation and neurotoxicity in animal models of Machado-Joseph disease
Polyglutamine diseases are a class of dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disorders for which there is no effective treatment. Here we provide evidence that activation of serotonergic signalling is beneficial in animal models of Machado-Joseph disease. We identified citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, in a small molecule screen of FDA-approved drugs that rescued neuronal dysfunction and reduced aggregation using a Caenorhabditis elegans model of mutant ataxin 3-induced neurotoxicity. MOD-5, the C. elegans orthologue of the serotonin transporter and cellular target of citalopram, and the serotonin receptors SER-1 and SER-4 were strong genetic modifiers of ataxin 3 neurotoxicity and necessary for therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, chronic treatment of CMVMJD135 mice with citalopram significantly reduced ataxin 3 neuronal inclusions and astrogliosis, rescued diminished body weight and strikingly ameliorated motor symptoms. These results suggest that small molecule modulation of serotonergic signalling represents a promising therapeutic target for Machado-Joseph disease.This work was supported by Fundação para a CiĂŞncia e Tecnologia (FCT) and COMPETE through the projects â[PTDC/SAU-GMG/112617/2009] (to P.M.) and [EXPL/ BIM-MEC/0239/2012] (to A.T.C.)â, by National Ataxia foundation (to P.M.), by Ataxia UK (to P.M.), by National Institutes of Health (NIH) â[GM038109, GM081192, AG026647, and NS047331] (to R.I.M.)â, by The Chicago Biomedical Consortium (to R.I.M.) and by the Ellison Medical Foundation (to R.I.M.). A.T.C., A.J., S.E., L.S.S., C.B., S.D.S., A.S.F. and A.N.C. were supported by the FCT individual fellowships SFRH/BPD/79469/2011, SFRH/BD/76613/2011, SFRH/BD/78554/2011, SFRH/BD/ 84650/2012, SFRH/BPD/74452/2010, SFRH/BD/78388/ 2011, SFRH/BPD/91562/2012 and SFRH/BD/51059/2010, respectively. FCT fellowships are co-financed by POPH, QREN, Governo da RepĂşblica Portuguesa and EU/FSE.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Single hadron response measurement and calorimeter jet energy scale uncertainty with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
The uncertainty on the calorimeter energy response to jets of particles is
derived for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). First, the
calorimeter response to single isolated charged hadrons is measured and
compared to the Monte Carlo simulation using proton-proton collisions at
centre-of-mass energies of sqrt(s) = 900 GeV and 7 TeV collected during 2009
and 2010. Then, using the decay of K_s and Lambda particles, the calorimeter
response to specific types of particles (positively and negatively charged
pions, protons, and anti-protons) is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo
predictions. Finally, the jet energy scale uncertainty is determined by
propagating the response uncertainty for single charged and neutral particles
to jets. The response uncertainty is 2-5% for central isolated hadrons and 1-3%
for the final calorimeter jet energy scale.Comment: 24 pages plus author list (36 pages total), 23 figures, 1 table,
submitted to European Physical Journal
Standalone vertex ďŹnding in the ATLAS muon spectrometer
A dedicated reconstruction algorithm to find decay vertices in the ATLAS muon spectrometer is presented. The algorithm searches the region just upstream of or inside the muon spectrometer volume for multi-particle vertices that originate from the decay of particles with long decay paths. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated using both a sample of simulated Higgs boson events, in which the Higgs boson decays to long-lived neutral particles that in turn decay to bbar b final states, and pp collision data at âs = 7 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC during 2011
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