Laplacian Solitons and Symmetry in G_2-geometry

In this paper, it is shown that (with no additional assumptions) on a compact 7-dimensional manifold which admits a $G_2$-structure soliton solutions to the Laplacian flow of R. Bryant can only be shrinking or steady. We also show that the space of symmetries (vector fields that annihilate via the Lie derivative) of a torsion-free $G_2$-structure on a compact 7-manifold is canonically isomorphic to $H^1(M,\mathbb{R})$. Some comparisons with Ricci solitons are also discussed, along with some future directions of exploration

Incorporation of random alloy GaBix_{x}As1−x_{1-x} barriers in InAs quantum dot molecules: alloy strain and orbital effects towards enhanced tunneling

Self-assembled InAs quantum dots (QDs), which have long hole-spin coherence times and are amenable to optical control schemes, have long been explored as building blocks for qubit architectures. One such design consists of vertically stacking two QDs to create a quantum dot molecule (QDM). The two dots can be resonantly tuned to form "molecule-like" coupled hole states from the hybridization of hole states otherwise localized in each respective dot. Furthermore, spin-mixing of the hybridized states in dots offset along their stacking direction enables qubit rotation to be driven optically, allowing for an all-optical qubit control scheme. Increasing the magnitude of this spin mixing is important for optical quantum control protocols. To enhance the tunnel coupling and spin-mixing across the dots, we introduce Bi in the GaAs inter-dot barrier. Previously, we showed how to model InAs/GaBiAs in an atomistic tight-binding formalism, and how the dot energy levels are affected by the alloy. In this paper, we discuss the lowering of the tunnel barrier, which results in a three fold increase of hole tunnel coupling strength in the presence of a 7% alloy. Additionally, we show how an asymmetric strain between the two dots caused by the alloy shifts the resonance. Finally, we discuss device geometries for which the introduction of Bi is most advantageous.Comment: RevTex 4-2, 11 pages, 9 figure

Eradication of minimal residual disease improves overall and progression free survival in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, evidence from NCRN CLL207: A Phase II trial assessing alemtuzumab consolidation.

With immunochemotherapy, remission duration and survival in patients with CLL is dependent on the level of minimal residual disease after treatment. This phase II trial assessed alemtuzumab consolidation post-chemotherapy in patients who responded with persistent low levels of detectable disease. Blood was screened for MRD using multi-parameter flow cytometry, 6 to 24 months post-chemotherapy. MRD-positive participants received alemtuzumab 30mg subcutaneously 3 times weekly for 6 weeks. Following a marrow assessment, MRD-negative participants or non-responders stopped therapy and MRD-positive participants with 1+ log reduction had 6 more weeks of alemtuzumab. Alemtuzumab consolidation was received by 47 participants. One death and 19 of 22 serious adverse events reported from 17 (36%) participants were alemtuzumab related. MRD eradication from blood and bone marrow was achieved in 39 (83%) participants at the end of consolidation, with 18 (38%) remaining MRD-negative in the blood 6 months later. Of the 18 MRD-negative participants at 6 months, the median time to MRD relapse was 46 months which was similar to patients who were MRD-negative at baseline and were followed up. The 5-year PFS and OS of MRD-negative participants at 6 months was significantly better than MRD-positive participants (PFS: 78%vs39% (p=0.010), OS: 89%vs64% (p=0.029))

Regularity for harmonic maps into certain Pseudo-Riemannian manifolds

In this article, we investigate the regularity for certain elliptic systems without a $L^2$-antisymmetric structure. As applications, we prove some $\epsilon$-regularity theorems for weakly harmonic maps from the unit ball $B= B(m) \subset \mathbb{R}^m$ $(m\geq2)$ into certain pseudo-Riemannian manifolds: standard stationary Lorentzian manifolds, pseudospheres $\mathbb{S}^n_\nu \subset \mathbb{R}^{n+1}_\nu$ $(1\leq\nu \leq n)$ and pseudohyperbolic spaces $\mathbb{H}^n_\nu \subset \mathbb{R}^{n+1}_{\nu+1}$ $(0\leq\nu \leq n-1)$. Consequently, such maps are shown to be H\"{o}lder continuous (and as smooth as the regularity of the targets permits) in dimension $m=2$. In particular, we prove that any weakly harmonic map from a disc into the De-Sitter space $\mathbb{S}^n_1$ or the Anti-de-Sitter space $\mathbb{H}^n_1$ is smooth. Also, we give an alternative proof of the H\"{o}lder continuity of any weakly harmonic map from a disc into the Hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^n$ without using the fact that the target is nonpositively curved. Moreover, we extend the notion of generalized (weakly) harmonic maps from a disc into the standard sphere $\mathbb{S}^n$ to the case that the target is $\mathbb{S}^n_\nu$ $(1\leq\nu \leq n)$ or $\mathbb{H}^n_\nu$ $(0\leq\nu \leq n-1)$, and obtain some $\epsilon$-regularity results for such generalized (weakly) harmonic maps.Comment: to appear in J. Math. Pures App

Molecular Imaging of Mesothelioma with 99mTc-ECG and 68Ga-ECG

We have developed ethylenedicysteine-glucosamine (ECG) as an alternative to 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) for cancer imaging. ECG localizes in the nuclear components of cells via the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. This study was to evaluate the feasibility of imaging mesothelioma with 99mTc-ECG and 68Ga-ECG. ECG was synthesized from thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid and 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-amino-D-glucopyranose, followed by reduction in sodium and liquid ammonia to yield ECG (52%). ECG was chelated with 99mTc/tin (II) and 68Ga/69Ga chloride for in vitro and in vivo studies in mesothelioma. The highest tumor uptake of 99mTc-ECG is 0.47 at 30 min post injection, and declined to 0.08 at 240 min post injection. Tumor uptake (%ID/g), tumor/lung, tumor/blood, and tumor/muscle count density ratios for 99mTc-ECG (30–240 min) were 0.47 ± 0.06 to 0.08 ± 0.01; 0.71 ± 0.07 to 0.85 ± 0.04; 0.47 ± 0.03 to 0.51 ± 0.01, and 3.49 ± 0.24 to 5.06 ± 0.25; for 68Ga-ECG (15–60 min) were 0.70 ± 0.06 to 0.92 ± 0.08; 0.64 ± 0.05 to 1.15 ± 0.08; 0.42 ± 0.03 to 0.67 ± 0.07, and 3.84 ± 0.52 to 7.00 ± 1.42; for 18F-FDG (30–180 min) were 1.86 ± 0.22 to 1.38 ± 0.35; 3.18 ± 0.44 to 2.92 ± 0.34, 4.19 ± 0.44 to 19.41 ± 2.05 and 5.75 ± 2.55 to 3.33 ± 0.65, respectively. Tumor could be clearly visualized with 99mTc-ECG and 68Ga-ECG in mesothelioma-bearing rats. 99mTc-ECG and 68Ga-ECG showed increased uptake in mesothelioma, suggesting they may be useful in diagnosing mesothelioma and also monitoring therapeutic response

Oxygen Isotope Analysis of Human Bone Phosphate Evidences Weaning Age in Archaeological Populations

Acknowledgements With special thanks to Jean-Jacques Hublin and the MPI-EVA; to Annabell Reiner (MPI-EVA) and Bernd Steinhilber (Universitat Tubingen) for technical support;and to the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst for financial support to KB during this project (ref: A0970923). This research was funded by the Max Planck Society. TT was financed by the DFG Emmy Noether Program and acknowledges funding by the grant TU 148/2-1 for the Emmy Noether Group Bone Geochemistry. Thanks also tothe University of Aberdeen for support during the preparation of this manuscript.Peer reviewedPostprin

Two electron dynamics in photodetachment

We present the results of experimental studies of photon-negative ion interactions involving the dynamics of two electrons. Resonances associated with doubly excited states of Li^- and He^- have been observed using laser photodetachment spectroscopy. Total and partial photodetachment cross sections have been investigated. In the former case, the residual atoms are detected irrespective of their excitation state, while in the latter case only those atoms in specific states are detected. This was achieved by the use of a state selective detection scheme based on the resonant ionization of the residual atoms. In addition, in the case of Li^- photodetachment, the threshold behavior of the Li(2 ^2P)+e^-(ks) partial cross section has been used to accurately measure the electron affinity of Li

Complex polarity: building multicellular tissues through apical membrane traffic

The formation of distinct subdomains of the cell surface is crucial for multicellular organism development. The most striking example of this is apical-basal polarization. What is much less appreciated is that underpinning an asymmetric cell surface is an equally dramatic intracellular endosome rearrangement. Here, we review the interplay between classical cell polarity proteins and membrane trafficking pathways, and discuss how this marriage gives rise to cell polarization. We focus on those mechanisms that regulate apical polarization, as this is providing a number of insights into how membrane traffic and polarity are regulated at the tissue level

Classifying Supergravity Solutions

We review the substantial progress that has been made in classifying supersymmetric solutions of supergravity theories using G-structures. We also review the construction of supersymmetric black rings that were discovered using the classification of D=5 supergravity solutions.Comment: 16 pages. To appear in the Proceedings of the 37th International Symposium Ahrenshoop, ``Recent Developments in String/M-Theory and Field Theory", August 23-27 2004, Berlin-Schmoeckwitz. References adde