Effects of U.S. Migration Policies on Migration Policies in Latin America

All countries deal with migration a little differently from one another, however, the way immigration is dealt with in some Latin American countries is based off of policies applied in the United States. The U.S. is a much stronger country than some of the Latin American countries they are relatively close to, and it therefore has the power to influence other countries to create policies that will help the U.S. achieve their goals. The U.S. has been largely anti-immigration in recent years and has consequently pressured Latin American Countries such as Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador into doing more to stop migrants from reaching the Mexico- U.S. border. Many of these migrants are coming from countries in the Northern Triangle (Figure 1), which is a turbulent region of Central America comprised of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras. High levels of violence in the area is a major push factor for citizens of these three countries

Social Justice Advocacy Trends Related to Gay/Straight Alliance Advisors\u27 Experiences in Schools

Social justice within education increasingly has been emphasized over the past decade (Kraft, 2007; Oakes et al., 2000; Riester et al., 2002). Little is known about the demographic trends and the advocacy experiences of school-based social justice advocates such as Gay/Straight Alliance (GSA) advisors despite the established importance of teachers engaging in social justice advocacy within schools. Data were collected from a national sample (N = 262) of GSA advisors to further the understanding of the demographic characteristics and the experiences of these social justice advocates and to investigate the relationships between these variables. An ethnographic survey (Schensul, Schensul, & LeCompte, 1999) was utilized for data collection in which the language and experiences reported by GSA advisors (Graybill et al., 2009; Watson et al., 2010) were incorporated. Using an ecological model established in a previous study with GSA advisors (Watson et al., 2010), the individual-, school-, and sociocultural-level characteristics that affect advisors were examined. The results suggested that this sample of GSA advisors was a demographically homogenous group with 67.3% female, 85.7% White, 72.2% who voted Democrat, and 77.1% who were educated at the Master‟s level or higher. Exploratory factor analysis identified two dimensions (i.e., Barriers, Facilitators) by which the advisors appeared to define their experiences when advocating for LGBT youth. Hierarchical regression analyses suggested that at the individual level, experiencing negative personal and professional consequences to advocating and thelevel of self-perceived preparedness to advocate based on prior training contributed to the variability in the advisors‟ experiences with social justice advocacy. At the sociocultural level, advisors in rural schools reported more barriers and fewer facilitators to advocating. Overall, all seven predictors entered, including those at the individual (i.e., experiencing negative personal or professional consequences to advocating, level of self-perceived preparedness to advocate), school (i.e., school resources, school size), and sociocultural levels (i.e., region of the country, community type), accounted for 33.0% (p \u3c .05) of the variance in the Barriers and 10.6% (p \u3c .05) of the variance in the Facilitators to advocating for LGBT youth in schools

Ethnography and Plain Anabaptist Women: Some Considerations on Positionality, Power, and Pandemic

This article discusses ethnography as a discipline and the role of my qualitative fieldwork with Conservative and Old Order Mennonite and Amish women in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania over the past 20 years. It includes extended quotes with interview subjects based on my fieldwork with Plain Women in the ethnographic, female-centered tradition. In it, I discuss the importance of feedback and reflexivity with my interview subjects, and strategies for overcoming their natural humility. More importantly, this article discusses underpinnings related to gender and patriarchy as I examine power dynamics at home and in broader Amish society related to abuse and violence, and a critique of “soft patriarchy.” Moreover, I discuss gender-based considerations for Amish women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, I conclude with a discussion of positionality regarding my identity, in regard to my interview subjects. This work contributes intellectually to the growing field of Amish gender studies. [Abstract by author.

Linking Ecotourism Livelihood Strategies to Post-Displacement Homemaking in Internally Displaced Communities in Southern Nepal

National park creation and ecotourism development often cause the internal displacement of local communities and shifts in traditional lifestyles. Loss of the physical and intangible home is frequently accompanied by changes to livelihood strategies that, for generations, supported a critical social order, set of power dynamics, and means of producing life meaning for people. Therefore, communities affected by displacement and confronted by rapid modernization often experience protracted risks and instability. This paper draws on information from thirty interviews in four communities surrounding the Royal Chitwan National Park in Southern Nepal to analyze how resettlement and ecotourism development have affected the way people live in the area, emphasizing the impact of shifting livelihood strategies on the post-displacement homemaking process. Findings suggest that loss of agrarian livelihoods has harmed communities with access to ecotourism jobs less, as financial security enables more time to be spent participating in cultural and family activities. Homestays and cultural museums also offer opportunities for communities to retain past culture, livelihood strategies, and ways of living while embracing modernization. However, the unequal distribution of these positive impacts suggests that the cultural diversity of the area is being underrepresented, harming the wellbeing of people and impeding the success of the area’s cultural tourism industry. Greater emphasis on supporting marginalized communities will benefit both the homemaking process and wellbeing of people, and the success of Nepal’s double sustainability goals

Clinical profile of a juvenile delinquent

This study attempted to explore the relationship that a juvenile delinquent has with three major influences: school, peers, and family. It was hypothesized that juvenile delinquents possess a poor relationship with these influences. Subjects were administered a survey which assesses the relationship with school, peers and family. 19 inmates in a juvenile detention center were administered the survey. There were 15 subjects in the control group who were administered the survey as well. Results from independent t-scores reveal a significant difference in the relationship with school, peers, and family for the two groups. Juvenile delinquents were found to have a poor relationship with these major influences

The Rook That Would Be King: Rooker-Feldman Abstention Analysis After Saudi Basic

The Rooker-Feldman doctrine prevents federal district courts from assuming jurisdiction in cases that seek review of state court judgments. For years, the doctrine was applied widely-often barring federal jurisdiction in cases far beyond the scope of the original doctrine. In 2005, the Supreme Court in Saudi Basic intervened to clarify Rooker-Feldman and to curtail its more extravagant applications. Ten years on, this Comment presents an original empirical analysis of the effects of the Saudi Basic decision on Rooker- Feldman analysis in federal district courts. The findings suggest that Rooker- Feldman abstention remains a popular tool for declining federal jurisdiction. Moreover, data suggest that its application has actually proliferated following the Saudi Basic decision, raising questions about the efficacy of the Court\u27s intervention and the development of procedural doctrine at the Supreme Court